北京市海淀區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（含答案）VIP

第第頁北京市海淀區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷一、第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，25分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Whenmostteenagershisagearepreppingforcompetitiveexamsortrainingtobeathletes.HenryBurner,strugglingwithdyslexia(閱讀障礙),decidedtocharthisownrouteforsuccess.Attheageof10,hisclass1．a(chǎn)tradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.Hismomsuggestedmakingcupcakes,butBurnerrefused."Mom,thebakedgoodsmarketisgoingtobetotallyoversaturated(過度飽和的).Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.Weneedtomakesomething2．."Sohepulledouthismom'soldbuttonmachineandmadebuttons.WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom."CanImakeitarealbusiness?"Thatwasthe3．ofButtonsmith,aretailcompanywhichnowhasover10,000productsavailable.Alongwithhisregularschooling,Burnerplayedalargeroleinthecompany'sstrategicdecisionmakingand4．hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.Buttonsmithstartedfromthefarmer'smarketbeforegoingonlineand5．,developingitsownwebsite.Aftergoingonline,Buttonsmith'ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,andthatwasa(n)6．point.Sincethenhehasgreatly7．productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.Startingwithbuttons,thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct8．a(chǎn)ndcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.Tostayaheadofcompetitors,BurnerhasoptimizeButtonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing9．.andmakessuretheproductsareinthecustomers'handswithintwodays.Aftercreatinganimpressiveretailcompanyathome.Buttonsmithisstrategizingtospreadits10．toothercountries."Hovebeinganentrepreneur."concludedBurner.1．A．ran B．spotted C．decorated D．swept2．A．stable B．portable C．durable D．flexible3．A．mission B．initiation C．a(chǎn)dvantage D．performance4．A．killed B．delayed C．balanced D．invested5．A．eventually B．hesitantly C．frequently D．a(chǎn)ccidentally6．A．regular B．temporary C．crucial D．urgent7．A．slided B．poured C．packed D．expanded8．A．costs B．sizes C．offerings D．suppliers9．A．shipped B．placed C．deleted D．tracked10．A．roots B．wishes C．taste D．research二、第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，25分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分.共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。GiantpandaFuBaoarrivedinChengdu.SichuanProvinceonApril3rd,2024.afterlivinginSouthKoreaforover3years.Largescreenswerelitup11．(welcome)FuBaohome.Theselargescreenadvertisements12．(purchase)bydozensoffans.FuBaoisthefirstgiantpandaborninSouthKoreaandasuccessfulcaseofoverseasbreeding.Sincethe1990s,China13．(conduct)giantpandaconservationcooperationandresearchwithinstitutionsinothercountries.Currently,therearealocalof49giantpandasabroad.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Around90%ofroadaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors,andself-drivingcarswithAIaimtosolvetheproblem.14．theycandoisnokeepvehiclehardwarehealthybydrivingstrategicallyandsafely.Inthisway,trafficviolationsandfinescanbeavoided,15．canhelpsavecosts.Driversalsobenefitfromthe16．(integrate)ofAItechnologyduringlongtripsastheycanrestwhilethecar'ssystemtakescareofdriving.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Assummervacationapproaches,studytoursofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentshavebecomepopular.17．(absorb)inacademicstudiesatschool,studentsareleftwithlittleroomforactivitiessuchaspracticallabororhands-onexperience.Duringthestudytours,theycome18．groupstomajorattractions,museumsandfarmstolearnwhilesightseeing.Educationaltripsofferstudentsprecious19．(opportunity)tobecomemoreindependent.By20．(engage)inindependentlivingandproblemsolvingwithpeers,studentscanlearntonavigatereal-lifesituations.三、第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共11小題；每小題2分，共22分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Whenfacingthetaskofdecidingyourmajor,youshouldrememberthatthedecisionyoumakedoesn'tmeanyouareonlydestinedforonepath.QUESTIONSTOASKYOURSELFASYOUMAKEYOURDECISION●DoIhaveacareerinmind?Althoughyourmajordoesnotnecessarilydictateyourcareer,somejobsdorequireacertainfieldofstudy.Ifyouhaveyourfuturecareerinmind,doyourresearchandfindouttheeducationrequirements.Ifyouareatalosswithwhatyouwanttodo,goaheadandresearchdifferentcareerfields.Acertainjobmightpiqueyourinterest,andthatcouldpromptyoutopickacertainmajor.●Howmuchdoesmoneymatter?Somemajorsdohavehigherpotentialearningsthanothers.Ifearningalotofmoneyisaprimarygoalforyou,searchformajorsthatpayoffwell.FeelfreetoreachouttotheCareerCenterformoreinformationonhigher-earningmajorsandcareers.●WhatdoIlovetodo?Ifyoulovewhatyoustudy,youwillbemorelikelytopayfullattentiontoyourclasses.whichwillprobablyleadtobettergradesandvaluableconnectionsinthefield.Alsoyouwillfindyourcollegeyearsmorefulfillingifyoucultivateyourpassion!TIPSFORDISCOVERINGWHATINTERESTSYOU●Exploredifferentcourses!Don'ttakerandomfreeelectivesjusttomeetthecreditrequirementforgraduation.Exploredifferentsubjects!Bybranchingoutofwhatyouknow,youmaydiscoveranunexpectedaptitudeforsportmanagement,orrealizethatyoulovepsychology!Maybeanelectivecoursecouldleadyoutoyourmajor.●MeetwithaCDCstaffmember!YourCareerDevelopmentCenter(CDC)iseagertohelpyou!MeetwithapeerCareerAmbassadortotalkaboutyourcareergoalsandtheoptionsforyou.Alsoconsiderschedulinganappointmentwithaprofessionalstaffmembertodiscusspotentialcareerpaths,internships(實習(xí)),andmore!●UtilizetheCDC'sonlineresources!CDCoffersmanyonlineresourcesforself-assessmentandcareersearch.Wemakerecommendationsformajorsandcareersbasedonyouranswers!Seepage6formoredetailsofwhatwehavetooffer!21．Ifyoudon'tknowwhattochooseasyourfuturecareer,youneedto____.A．cultivatearelatedhobbyB．a(chǎn)imforwell-paidjobsC．considertheeducationrequirementsD．investigatedifferentfields22．Accordingtothepassage,CDCcould____.A．givemajor-relatedadviceB．establishinternshipprogrammesC．defineyourfuturecareergoalsD．selectanelectivecourseforyou23．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Aresearchpaper. B．Acommercialpost.C．Acollegebrochure. D．Arecruitmentnotice.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Foodpackagingfromaroundtheworldcontainsatleast68"foreverchemicals"thatcanseepintowhatweeat.anewstudyfinds.And61ofthemarenotevensupposedtobeusedinsuchproducts."It'snotclearwhythelatterchemicals,whicharenotonlistsofthoseauthorizedforuseinfoodcontainers,areinsuchpackaging."saysthestudy'sauthorBirgitGeueke.Thestudyfocusedonaclassofchemicalscalledperfluoroalkylandpolyfluoronlkylsubstances(PFASs),whicharesometimescalled"foreverchemicals"becausetheydon'tbreakdownreadilyintheenvironmentorinthebody.That'sbecausetheircharacteristiccarbon-fluorinebondisoneofthestrongestinnature.Fordecades,thesesubstanceshavebeenusedinawiderangeofconsumerproducts,fromcookwaretopesticidestocosmetics,becausetheyareproofagainstwaterandgrease.GeuekeandherteamfoundamismatchbetweenwhattheydetectedinactualproductsandadatabaseofPFASchemicalsauthorizedforuseinfoodpackaging.About140PFASsareknowntobeusedinfoodpackaging,butonlysevenofthe68chemicalsinthestudywereonthislist.Geuekesaysit'sunclearhoworwhytheother61chemicalsturnedup.DavidAndrews,achemistandtoxicologistatanonprofitenvironmentaladvocacyorganization,suggestsit'spossiblethatunknownimpuritiesemergedduringthemanufacturingoftheauthorizedchemicalsorthattheauthorizedPFASsdegradeovertime.Thisclassofchemicalsincludesmanylong-chainmolecules,andtheycanbreakintoshorterchainsthataresimplydifferenttypesofPFASs.PFASshavebeenfoundinhumanbloodandbreastmilk,drinkingwater,soilandotherstartlingplacesaroundtheworld.ExposuretosomeofthemoststudiedPFASshasbeenassociatedwithcancer.reproductiveproblemsandlessenedresponsestovaccines."There'sanincrediblebodyofscientificevidencelinkingPFASchemicalstohealthharm,"saysAndrews.ManycountriesareevaluatingrestrictionsofPFASsinfoodpackaging.ChemicalindustryrepresentativeshaveadvocatedfordealingwithPFASsasindividualchemicals.Beforepublishingthenewstudy.ScientificAmericanreachedouttotheAmericanChemistryCouncil(ACC).achemistryindustrytradeassociation,aboutit,buttheorganizationdidnotreply.OnitsdedicatedPFASwebpage.ACCnotesthat"allPFASsarenotthesame.Eachindividualchemicalhasitsownuniquepropertiesanduses."AndrewsandGeuekebothsaythepresenceofunknownPFASsinfoodpackagingisgoodreasontoregulatethesechemicalsasasingleclass—apositionsharedwithmanyotherscientificexpertsandenvironmentalprotectiongroups.Therearemorethan12,000knownPFASs,andscientistsdon'tknowmuchaboutmostofthem."OnlysomePFASshaveeverbeentestedfortoxicity(每性),"Geuekesays,and"thereareprobablyotherwaystoproducefoodpackaging."24．WhatcanwelearnaboutPFASsfromthepassage?A．Theyareabletoresistwaterandgrease.B．Theylastlongandneverbreakdown.C．Theycontainthelongestchemicalbond.D．Theyaremainlyusedforfoodpackaging.25．Paragraph3ismainlyabout____.A．thepotentialusageoftheunknownimpuritiesB．theauthorizationoffoodpackagingchemicalsC．thelikelytransformingprocessfromPFASsintonewchemicalsD．thepossibleexplanationforthepresenceofunauthorizedPFASs26．ThewordsonthewebpageinParagraph5mayshowthatACC____.A．hasworkedoutwaystousePFASssafelyindifferentproductsB．a(chǎn)greeswithchemicalindustryrepresentativesregardingPFASsC．hasgottheauthoritativepowerindealingwithPFASsD．supportstestingmoreunknownPFASsfortoxicity27．WhichwouldGeuekeprobablyagreewith?A．LawsshouldbemadetobantheuseofPFASs.B．Foodpackagingalternativesshouldbeexplored.C．Thechemicalsinfoodpackagingshouldbelisted.D．ScientistsshouldcontinuediscoveringnewPFASs.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Athemeatthisyear'sWorldEconomicForum(WEF)meetingwastheperceivedneedto"acceleratebreakthroughsinresearchandtechnology".Someofthisframingwasmotivatedbytheclimateemergency,somebytheopportunitiesandchallengespresentedbygenerativeartificialintelligence.Yetinvariousconversations,itseemedtobetakenforgrantedthattoaddresstheworld'sproblems,scientificresearchneedstomovefaster.TheWEFmindsetresonates(產(chǎn)生共鳴)withtheSiliconValleydictate—usuallycreditedtoMarkZuckerberg—tomovefastandbreakthings.Butwhatifthethingbeingbrokenisscience?Orpublictrust?TheWEFmeetingtookplacejustafortnightafterHarvardUniversityPresidentClaudineCaysteppeddownaftercomplaintsweremadeaboutherscholarship.Gay'stroublescameontheheelsoftheresignationofStanfordUniversityPresidentMareTessier-Lavigne,afteraninternalinvestigationconcludedthathisneuroscienceresearchhad"multipleproblems".Inresponse.Gayrequestedcorrectionstoseveralofherpapers;Tessier-Lavignerequestedretraction(撤回)ofthreeofhis.Althoughitmaybeimpossibletodeterminejusthowwidespreadsuchproblemsreallyare,it'shardtoimaginethatthespectacleofhigh-profilescholarscorrectingandretractingpapershasnothadanegativeimpactonpublictrustinscienceandperhapsinexpertsbroadly.Inrecentyearswe'veseenimportantpapers,writtenbyprominentscientistsandpublishedinprestigiousjournals,retractedbecauseofquestionabledataormethods.Inoneinterestingcase,FrancesH.ArnoldoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,whosharedthe2018NobelPrizeinChemistry,voluntarilyretractedapaperwhenherlabwasunabletoreplicateherresults—butafterthepaperhadbeenpublished.Inanopenapology,shestatedthatshewas"abitbusy"whenthepaperwassubmittedand"didnotdomyjobwell".Arnold'shonestyisadmirable,butitraisesaquestion:Arescholarsatsupercompetitiveplacesreallytakingthetimetodotheirworkright?TheproblemisnotuniquetotheU.S.InEurope,formalresearchassessments—whichareusedtoallocatefuturefunding—haveforyearsjudgedacademicdepartmentslargelyonthequantityoftheiroutput.Duetothefactthattheexistingsystemhascreatedacounterincentivetoadvancementinscience,areformisunderwayurginganemphasisonqualityoverquantity.Goodsciencetakestime.NearlyacenturypassedbetweenbiochemistFriedrichMiescher'sidentificationoftheDNAmoleculeandsuggestionthatitmightbeinvolvedininheritanceandtheelucidationofitsdouble-helixstructureinthe1950s.AndittookjustabouthalfacenturyforgeologistandgeophysiciststoacceptgeophysicistAlfredWegener'sideaofcontinentaldrift.There'splentyofcircumstantialevidencethatscientistsandotherscholarsarepushingresultsoutfarfasterthantheyusedto.Someofthisgrowthisdrivenbymorescientistsandmoreco-authorship(papers,butitalsosuggeststhattheresearchworldhasprioritizedquantityoverquality.Researchedmayneedtoslowdown—notspeedup—ifwearetoproduceknowledgeworthyoftrust.28．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Tessier-LavigneresignedfromSandfordafterGaysteppeddown.B．Gaygavebackherscholarshipsduetostudents'complaints.C．Fasterscientificdevelopmenthasledtoclimatechange.D．Publictrustinsciencemayhavealreadybeenshaken.29．WhyistheexampleofFrancesH.ArnoldmentionedinParagraph4?A．ToquestiontheworksofNobelPrizewinners.B．Toshowthepracticeofpaperretractioniscommon.C．Toindicateeventheinfluentialscientistsareinarush.D．Tohighlightscientists'qualityofhonestyinacademia.30．Theunderlinedword"counterincentive"inParagraph5referstoa(n)factor.A.unfairB.indecisiveC.discouragingD.irrational31．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheDangerofFastScienceB．TheBattlebetweenQualityandQuantityC．TheCrisisamongTopScientistsD．ThePrinciplebehindResearchAssessments四、第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，32分）第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分.共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Picturethis:you'rebakingcookies.Asyouliftthepanoutoftheoven,yourbarearmaccidentallytouchesit.Ouch!Whydidyoufeelpain?Andhowisyourbraininvolvedinsensingpain?Wemaynotlikepain,butourbodiesneeditasawarningsystem.32．Therearespecialreceptorcellsinourskinandbodiesthataresensitivetocertainstimuli(刺激).Thesecellsarecalled"nociceptors".Whenanociceptorgetsexposedtoapainfulstimulus,itsendsamessageintothebrain.Thebrainprocessesthatinformation,andthenpainisfelt.33．Thinkaboutatimewhenyou'vestubbedyourtoe.Theredoesn'tseemtobeadelaybetweenhittingyourtoeandthenfeelingpain:itfeelslikeithappensatthesametime.34．Ifwehaveaninjury,painalertsustorestandlettheinjuryheal.Ifwestandtooclosetoafire,paintellsustomoveaway.Notbeingabletofeelpaincanbedangerous.Somepeoplecanfeelsensationsliketouch,buttheycannotfeelpain.Withoutfeelingpain,theycannotlistentotheirbodieswhentheyneedtorestorheal.Ontheotherhand,thebrainsometimesprocessespainwherethereisn'tanyactualinjurytothebody.Here'safamousstory:amansteppedonanail.Itwentthroughthebottomofhisshoe,andhefeltlikehewasinhorriblepain.Whenthedoctorsremovedhisshoe,theyfoundthatthenailwasbetweenhistoes!Ithadn'tgoneintohisfootatall.35．Sohisbrainperceivedpaintomatchtheexperience.Withoutpain,wemightnotknowwhenwecouldneedtorest.Wemightnotknowifwewereindangerofhurtingourselves.36．However,itisanimportantpartofhumanlifeandsurvival!A.Painisnotfuntofeel.B.Painisaresponsetoastimulus.C.Ourbrainsusesensoryinformationtointerpretthepainthatwefeel.D.Eventhoughpainisanunpleasantfeeling,itisnecessaryforhumansurvival.E.Allofthissignalsendingandprocessinghappensfasterthanwecanperceive.F.Itisanimportantfunctionofourbrain,tellingourbodieswhensomethingiswrong.G.However,thevisualinformationtrickedhisbrainintothinkingthattherewascauseforalarm.五、第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，25分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第53、54、55題各2分，第56題4分，共10分）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。MarvaCollins'journeyasateacherbeganinthe1960s,whenshewasassignedtoteachatapublicschoolinChicago.Atthetime,theschoolwastroubledbylowacademicstandardsandmisbehaviorofthestudents.Despitethesechallenges.Collinswasdeterminedtohelpthosestudentslabeledas"difficult"or"at-risk".Believingthateverystudenthadthepotentialtolearnandsucceed,shesetouttocreateaclassroomenvironmentthatwouldfosteraloveoflearning,asenseofdiscipline,andabeliefinoneself.Collinsfirstestablishedarigorousacademiccurriculumthatwouldchallengeherstudentstoreachtheirfullpotential.Shetaughtherstudentstraditionalsubjectsandalsoemphasizedcriticalthinking,problemsolving,andcreativity.Herteachingmethodswerehighlyeffective,andstudentssoonbegantoshowremarkableprogress.ButCollins'greatestachievementwasthefoundingoftheWestsidePrepSchool,whichshestartedin1975.Theschoolprovidedasafeandnurturingenvironmentwherestudentscouldthriveacademicallyandsociallyandthereforeitwasconsideredasthe"havenforlearning".AtthePrepSchool.Collinsstressedtheimportanceofdisciplineandhardwork.Sheexpectedherstudentstoarriveontime,inuniform,andreadytolearn,andsheinstalledinthemasenseofresponsibilityandaccountability.Collinsalsoemphasizedtheimportanceofbuildingrelationshipsbetweenteachersandstudents.Shebelievedthatstrongrelationshipswerethefoundationofeffectiveteaching,aresheencouragedherteacherstopersonalizetheirinstructionbasedonthestudents'individualdifferences.Underherleadership,thePrepSchoolbecameknownforitshighacademicstandardsanditsabilitytohelpstrugglingstudents.Manyoftheschool'sgraduateswentontoattendtopcollegesanduniversities,andsomewentontobecomeleadersintheirfields.Collins'impactoneducationwasrecognizedbyeducatorsaroundtheworld.Today,herlegacyliveson.Heremphasisondiscipline,hardwork,andrelationshipscontinuestobeamodelforeffectiveteaching,andherbeliefinthepotentialofeverystudentcontinuestoinspireeducatorstomakeadifferenceinthelivesoftheat-riskstudents.37．WhatchallengesdidCollinsfaceasanewteacher?38．WhywasthePrepSchoolconsideredthe"havenforlearning"?39．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Toachieveeffectiveteaching,Collinsencouragedherteacherstobuildstrongrelationshipswiththestudentsandteachthemasawhole.40．WhichoneofCollin'steachingbeliefsimpressesyoumost?Why?(Inabout40words)六、第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，25分）第二節(jié)（15分）41．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。2024年世界機器人大會（WorldRobotConference）將于八月在北京舉行，組委會正在招募英文志愿講解員，你對此很感興趣。請你用英文寫一封申請信，內(nèi)容包括：1.申請理由；2.自身優(yōu)勢。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearSir/Madam,

答案解析部分【答案】1．A；2．C；3．B；4．D；5．A；6．C；7．D；8．C；9．B；10．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了HenryBurner克服閱讀障礙，從一個學(xué)校交易活動出發(fā)，創(chuàng)立并發(fā)展Buttonsmith公司的經(jīng)歷，展示了個人奮斗、創(chuàng)新思維和企業(yè)成長的過程。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。

1．句意：在他10歲的時候，他的班級經(jīng)營了一個交易站，學(xué)生們在那里用假幣買賣商品。A.ran"經(jīng)營"；B.spotted"發(fā)現(xiàn)"；C.decorated"裝飾"；D.swept"掃除"。根據(jù)空后"atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads."可知，此處指班級內(nèi)部進行的一種商業(yè)活動，他的班級經(jīng)營了一個交易站。故選A。2．句意：我們需要做一些持久的東西。A.stable"穩(wěn)定的"；B.portable"便攜的"；C.durable"持久的"；D.flexible"靈活的"。根據(jù)上文"Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong"可知，亨利想要制作持久耐用的商品。故選C。3．句意：那就是Buttonsmith的起源，現(xiàn)在這家零售公司已經(jīng)有超過1萬種產(chǎn)品上市。A.mission"使命"；B.initiation"起源"；C.advantage"優(yōu)勢"；D.performance"表演"。根據(jù)上文"WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.‘CanImakeitarealbusiness?'"可知，這里指的是Buttonsmith公司的開始或者起源。故選B。4．句意：除了正常的學(xué)業(yè)，伯納還在公司的戰(zhàn)略決策中發(fā)揮了重要作用，并投入休息時間和周末為公司工作。A.killed"殺死"；B.delayed"延遲"；C.balanced"平衡"；D.invested"投資，投入"。根據(jù)空后"hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany"可知，此處表示他將個人時間投入到公司工作中。故選D。5．句意：Buttonsmith從農(nóng)貿(mào)市場起步，之后轉(zhuǎn)到線上，最終開發(fā)了自己的網(wǎng)站。A.eventually"最終"；B.hesitantly"猶豫地"；C.frequently"頻繁地"；D.accidentally"偶然地"。根據(jù)空后"developingitsownwebsite"可知，此處應(yīng)填入表示最后結(jié)果的副詞，表示最終開發(fā)了自己的網(wǎng)站。故選A。6．句意：在線銷售后，Buttonsmith的銷售額顯著上升，達到了數(shù)百萬人，這是一個關(guān)鍵點。A.regular"常規(guī)的"；B.temporary"臨時的"；C.crucial"關(guān)鍵的"；D.urgent"緊急的"。根據(jù)空前"Buttonsmith'ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople"；以及下文"Sincethenhehasgreatly6productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld."可知，銷售額的大幅提升，極大地擴展了產(chǎn)品線，對于公司來說是一個關(guān)鍵性的轉(zhuǎn)折點。故選C。7．句意：從那時起，他極大地擴展了產(chǎn)品線，推出了許多讓人們能夠向世界表達自我的可負擔(dān)高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品。A.slided"滑動"；B.poured"傾倒"；C.packed"打包"；D.expanded"擴展"。根據(jù)空后"productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproducts"可知，此處指產(chǎn)品線的增加和多樣化，故選D。8．句意：從紐扣開始，公司已經(jīng)多樣化其產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)，目前提供狗項圈、牽引繩、名片、橫幅等。A.costs"成本"；B.sizes"尺寸"；C.offerings"供應(yīng)，產(chǎn)品"；D.suppliers"供應(yīng)商"。根據(jù)空前"thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct"；以及空后"currentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc."可知，此處指的是公司提供的產(chǎn)品種類，故選C。9．句意：為了領(lǐng)先于競爭對手，伯納優(yōu)化了Buttonsmith，使得訂單被下單后幾分鐘內(nèi)就能生產(chǎn)出定制產(chǎn)品。A.shipped"運輸"；B.placed"放置，下單"；C.deleted"刪除"；D.tracked"跟蹤"。根據(jù)空前"Buttonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing"可知，此處指客戶下單后快速生產(chǎn)。故選B。10．句意：在國內(nèi)創(chuàng)建了一家令人印象深刻的零售公司后，Buttonsmith正在制定戰(zhàn)略，將其根基擴展到其他國家。A.roots"根源，根基"；B.wishes"愿望"；C.taste"品味"；D.research"研究"。根據(jù)空后"toothercountries"可知，這里指公司業(yè)務(wù)或影響范圍的擴大，Buttonsmith正在將其根基擴展到其他國家。故選A?！敬鸢浮?1．towelcome；12．werepurchased/hadbeenpurchased；13．hasconducted/hasbeenconducting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了大熊貓"福寶"從韓國返回中國四川成都的具體事件，包括日期、歡迎方式、熊貓的特殊身份，以及中國在大熊貓保護合作方面的概況。

【點評】考查語法填空，本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)等知識點的考查，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。11．句意：為了歡迎福寶回家，大型屏幕被點亮。此處不定式t作目的狀語。故填towelcome。12．句意：這些大型屏幕廣告是由數(shù)十名粉絲購買的。此處是謂語動詞，描述過去的動作，應(yīng)用一般過去時，且與主語screens之間是被動關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語為復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用were。也可以理解為：purchase發(fā)生在werelitup之前，用過去完成時，主語screens與動詞purchase之間是被動關(guān)系，因用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填werepurchased/hadbeenpurchased。13．句意：自20世紀90年代以來，中國一直在與其他國家的機構(gòu)開展大熊貓保護合作與研究。此處是謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語Sincethe1990s可知，conduct"實施"這一動作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，句子時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語China為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用has。句子時態(tài)也可用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示conduct"實施"這一動作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還將持續(xù)下去。故填hasconducted/hasbeenconducting?！敬鸢浮?4．What；15．which；16．integration【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了大約90%的交通事故是由人為失誤造成的，而帶有人工智能的自動駕駛汽車旨在解決這一問題，讓司機可以在汽車系統(tǒng)負責(zé)駕駛的同時休息。

【點評】考查語法填空，本題考點涉及主語從句，定語從句，名詞等知識點的考查，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。14．句意：他們所能做的不是通過戰(zhàn)略駕駛和安全駕駛來保持車輛硬件的健康。theycando是主語從句，從句缺少賓語，指物，應(yīng)用連接代詞what，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填What。15．句意：這樣，可以避免交通違規(guī)和罰款，這可以幫助節(jié)省成本。canhelpsavecosts是非限制性定語從句，先行詞指代主句的內(nèi)容，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。16．句意：在長途旅行中，司機也受益于人工智能技術(shù)的整合，因為他們可以在汽車系統(tǒng)負責(zé)駕駛的同時休息。此處作介詞from的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞integration，不可數(shù)。故填integration。【答案】17．Absorbed；18．in；19．opportunities；20．engaging/beingengaged【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了游學(xué)越來越受歡迎以及原因。

【點評】考查語法填空，本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，介詞，名詞等知識點的考查，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。17．句意：在學(xué)校里，學(xué)生們?nèi)褙炞⒂趯W(xué)術(shù)研究，幾乎沒有什么活動空間，比如實際勞動或?qū)嵺`經(jīng)驗。beabsorbedin，固定短語，"全神貫注于"，此處過去分詞absorbed作狀語，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填A(yù)bsorbed。18．句意：在游學(xué)期間，他們成群結(jié)隊地來到主要景點、博物館和農(nóng)場，一邊觀光一邊學(xué)習(xí)。ingroups，固定短語，"成群結(jié)隊地"，故填in。19．句意：教育旅行為學(xué)生提供了變得更加獨立的寶貴機會。此處名詞作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞opportunity，泛指，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填opportunities。20．句意：通過參與獨立生活和與同齡人一起解決問題，學(xué)生可以學(xué)會駕馭現(xiàn)實生活。介詞By后，應(yīng)用動名詞或動名詞的被動式作賓語，故填engaging/beingengaged。【答案】21．D22．A23．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了如何選擇大學(xué)的專業(yè)。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項信息結(jié)合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ifyouareatalosswithwhatyouwanttodo,goaheadandresearchdifferentcareerfields.如果你不知道自己想做什么，那就去研究不同的職業(yè)領(lǐng)域?？芍绻悴恢滥阄磥淼穆殬I(yè)選擇是什么，你需要調(diào)查不同的領(lǐng)域；故答案為D。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YourCareerDevelopmentCenter(CDC)iseagertohelpyou!MeetwithapeerCareerAmbassadortotalk

aboutyourcareergoalsandtheoptionsforyou.Alsoconsiderschedulinganappointmentwithaprofessionalstaffmembertodiscusspotentialcareerpaths,internships(實習(xí)),andmore!您的職業(yè)發(fā)展中心(CDC)渴望幫助您!與同行的職業(yè)大使見面，談?wù)勀愕穆殬I(yè)目標和你的選擇。也可以考慮與專業(yè)人員預(yù)約，討論潛在的職業(yè)道路、實習(xí)機會(實習(xí))等等!可知根據(jù)文章，CDC可以給你專業(yè)相關(guān)的建議；故答案為A。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Whenfacingthetaskofdecidingyourmajor,youshouldrememberthatthedecisionyoumake

doesn'tmeanyouareonlydestinedforonepath.當你面臨選擇專業(yè)的任務(wù)時，你應(yīng)該記住，你所做的決定并不意味著你注定要走一條路?？芍@是一篇大學(xué)給新生做的宣傳冊；故答案為C?！敬鸢浮?4．A25．D26．B27．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了世界各地的食品包裝中至少含有68種"永久化學(xué)物質(zhì)"，它們會滲入我們所吃的食物中。一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。其中61種甚至不應(yīng)該用于此類產(chǎn)品。對此科學(xué)家進行了研究。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。24．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Fordecades,thesesubstanceshavebeenusedinawiderangeofconsumerproducts,fromcookwaretopesticidestocosmetics,becausetheyareproofagainstwaterandgrease."幾十年來，這些物質(zhì)被廣泛應(yīng)用于各種消費品中，從炊具到殺蟲劑再到化妝品，因為它們可以防水和防油脂?？芍?，PFASs能抵抗水和油脂。故選A。25．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段"GeuekeandherteamfoundamismatchbetweenwhattheydetectedinactualproductsandadatabaseofPFASchemicalsauthorizedforuseinfoodpackaging.About140PFASsareknowntobeusedinfoodpackaging,butonlysevenofthe68chemicalsinthestudywereonthislist.Geuekesaysit'sunclearhoworwhytheother61chemicalsturnedup.DavidAndrews,achemistandtoxicologistatanonprofitenvironmentaladvocacyorganization,suggestsit'spossiblethatunknownimpuritiesemergedduringthemanufacturingoftheauthorizedchemicalsorthattheauthorizedPFASsdegradeovertime.Thisclassofchemicalsincludesmanylong-chainmolecules,andtheycanbreakintoshorterchainstha