Unit 3 Reading and Thinking課時(shí)練習(xí)（解析版）

Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionReadingandThinking課時(shí)練習(xí)（解析版）根據(jù)首字母填寫單詞。Inthefoggymorning，theenemyreleasedtheworkersfromtheawesomequarry.【解析】releasesb.fromsth.從某地釋放某人Anyhow，youcouldn’tletthecompanyavoidsustaininglossesofmillionsofdollars.【解析】avoiddoingsth.避免做某事Busesrunfrequentlybetweenthecityandtheairline.【解析】副詞修飾動詞runTheconcertwillbebroadcastlivetomorrowevening.【解析】考察被動語態(tài)，bedone結(jié)構(gòu)，broadcast的過去分詞為broadcastThiscleanerisalsoresponsibleforkeepingthesurroundingstreetsclean.【解析】beresponsiblefor對負(fù)責(zé)二、閱讀理解。AGoingthroughsocialmediacanquicklyconvinceyouthateveryone’slifeismoreinterestingthanyours.Duringaparticularlyadventurousweekonsocialmediasomemonthsago，IsawwaterskiinginMani,andswimmingwithwildpigsintheBahamas.Wildpigs!Istartedsearchingflightstonewplacesonline,imaginingadventures.ThenIorderedfoodfromtheplaceIeatateveryweekand...feltbadaboutnottryingsomewherenew.Recentresearchaboutrepeatandnovelexperiencessuggeststhatweoughttoreconsiderthosenegativefeelingsassociatedwithrepetition.EdO’Brien,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicago，launchedaseriesofstudiesonthistopic.“There’sageneralbeliefthatifyouwanttoseemlikeaninteresting,culturedperson,thebestthingyoucandoistoshowcasethatyou’reopentonewexperiences，”hesays.“Thatmaybetrue,butIthinkwetakeforgrantedthevalueofreallydiggingdeepintoonefield.”Totestthishypothesis(假設(shè)),O’Brienandhisteamexposedallparticipantstothesamestimulus(刺激),includingmuseumvisits，movies，andvideogames.Next，somepeoplewereaskedtoimaginerepeatingtheexperience，whileothersactuallydidrepeatwhattheyhaddone.Theresearchersfoundthatonthewhole,participantssaidthatrepeatingexperienceswasoftenfarmoreenjoyablethantheyhadpredicted.Thereisjoyinrepetitionpartlybecauseeveryhumanmindwanders.Consequently,wemissagoodpartofeveryexperience.Repeatingthingscanreallybeseenasanotheropportunitytoactuallyexperiencesomethingfully.O’Brien’sstudiesshowthatpeoplearetooquicktoassumethatthey’ve“seenallthelayers”eveninthosecaseswheretheyhaven’t.It’ssafetoassumetherearemoreexplorablelayersinanyexperience.Whenwe’renoticingnewthingsinanyexperience，ourbrainbecomesengaged.Allweneedtodoisapproachwhatevertaskisathandbysearchingforthethingsthatwedidn’tseeinitthefirsttimearound.1．WhydoestheauthormentionhisexperienceinParagraph1?A．Tointroducethebadfeelingslinkedtorepetition.B．Toshownovelexperiencesaremoreinteresting.C．Totellusacommonbeliefaboutsocialmedia.D．Topresenttoushisnew,imaginedadventures.【答案】A【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Recentresearch...withrepetition.”可推知，第一段提到作者的經(jīng)歷(作者因訂食物未嘗試新的地方而感覺不好)是為了引出與重復(fù)經(jīng)歷相關(guān)的消極感受。2．WhatdidO’Brien’sstudiesfind?A.Peoplewereopentonewexperiences.B．Imaginationwasexcitingonthewhole.C．Repeatingexperiencesmadeonebored.D．Diggingdeepintoonefieldwasenjoyable.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段尾句和第三段尾句可知，奧布賴恩認(rèn)為我們沒有重視深入一個(gè)領(lǐng)域的價(jià)值，而他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)總的來說，參與者們認(rèn)為重復(fù)經(jīng)歷往往比他們預(yù)料的要令人愉快得多。由此可知，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)深入一個(gè)領(lǐng)域令人快樂。3．Howcanwekeepourbrainengaged?A．Byassumingwedidn’tseeallatfirst.B．Bysearchingfortheignoredelements.C．Byapproachingwhatevertaskisathand.D．Bykeepingfocusedoneveryexperience.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物，大腦就會變得忙碌。而我們需要做的就是通過找尋第一次沒看到的事物來處理手頭上的任何任務(wù)，故通過找尋被忽略掉的元素能夠使我們的大腦忙碌。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.NovelExperiencesEnrichUsB．MoreLayerKeeptheMindBusyC．RepetitionMakesPeopleHappyD．WanderingMindsHelpPeopleExplore【答案】C【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷引出了與重復(fù)經(jīng)歷相關(guān)的消極感受。然后，作者又通過一項(xiàng)研究說明我們應(yīng)該重新對待那些消極感受，因?yàn)橹貜?fù)經(jīng)歷能使我們發(fā)現(xiàn)之前被忽視的地方，并使我們感到快樂。BWhilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife，globalwarmingwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissionspeak.Soevenifemissionsweretobegintodecreasetoday，wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimatechange.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.Whenitcomestoadaptation，itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard，buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.Thisiswhy,inpartatleast，theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat：“Thereisnoone-sizefitsalladaptation.”Nevertheless，therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost.Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways，especiallyinsomepoorcountries.FloodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRescansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries，schools，andhealthclinics，andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacilities.Rescaniscreatingfloatingconnectivitytoreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel：hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvationduringthewetseason.ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.ChewangMorphedlivesinamountainousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciersthereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Narwhal’sinspirationcamefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigationwater.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves,Morphedcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200，000m3ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNarwhal’sicereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.IncreasingEarth'sreflectivenesscancooltheplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseofgreenhouses(whichreflectlightbacktospace)haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,andactuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear.ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitslistof“100ideastosavetheplanet”．Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisiscommonsense.Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe'velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it'sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptinthatway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.1．TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies________．A．a(chǎn)daptationisanever-changingprocessB．thecostofadaptationvarieswithtimeC．globalwarmingaffectsadaptationformsD．a(chǎn)daptationtoclimatechangeischallenging【答案】A【解析】詞句猜測題。劃線句句意為"并沒有一種萬全之策"，下一句的Nevertheless表示轉(zhuǎn)折，再根據(jù)therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost．(有些行為提供了很多，但風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或成本很小)可知，沒有放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的方法，即適應(yīng)是根據(jù)具體情況而不斷做出調(diào)整，而非一成不變，故選A項(xiàng)。2．WhatisspecialwithregardtoRescan’sproject?A．Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport.B．Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother.C．Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation.D．Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“MohammedRescansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.(穆罕默德?雷茲萬看到了機(jī)會，而其他人只看到災(zāi)難)”以及該段其它內(nèi)容可知，在洪水這一災(zāi)害面前，Rescan看到了機(jī)遇，他充分利用不利的情況，故選C項(xiàng)。3．WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?A．Storingiceforfutureuse.B．Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting.C．Changingtheirrigationtime.D．Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thelossofglaciers(冰川)thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture…Morphed’sinspirationcomefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.(由于全球變暖那里的冰川的消失對農(nóng)業(yè)是一個(gè)巨大的威脅，Narwhal的靈感來自看到在冬天不需要水時(shí)水的浪費(fèi)，他把浪費(fèi)掉的水引進(jìn)低洼的盆地，在那里水結(jié)冰，一直儲存到春天)”可知，“冰人”的減輕全球變暖的影響的方法是將冰儲存起來，以備春天用，而這種方法并沒有改變和保護(hù)冰川的融化和灌溉的時(shí)間，故排除B、C和D項(xiàng)。故選A項(xiàng)。4．What'stheauthor'spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming?A．Settingupanewstandard.B．Reducingcarbonemission.C．Adaptingtoclimatechange.D．Monitoringpollutingindustries.【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩句“Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptintheway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.(但最明智的適應(yīng)方式無疑是調(diào)整我們的能源系統(tǒng)，以減少碳污染的排放。畢竟，如果我們以這種方式適應(yīng)，我們就可以避免很多其他方面的改變。）”可知，作者認(rèn)為最合理的應(yīng)對全球變暖的方法是以減少二氧化碳的排放，此舉將避免在其他很多方面改變。故選B項(xiàng)。三、七選五。Itmaybetempting(誘人的)totakethesummeroffandrelax，butlookingforajobwillgiveyouhelpfullifeskills.Findingajobmaybehard，butthesearchwillbeworthit.Jobsareoutthere.__1__，evenifyoudon’tlandthejobyouwant.·You’lldevelopyourinterviewskills.Themorejobsyouapplyfor，thebetteryou’llgetatinterviewing.Learningtointerviewwellisaskill.Itcanhelpyougetintocollegeandevenlandafull－timejob.·__2__．Youmaynotgetthefirstjobyouinterviewfor.Rejectionhappensinlifeanditcanbehardtohandle.Themorewefacerejection，theeasieritbecomestomoveforwardandbounceback.·You’lllearnsomethingaboutyourself.Ifyougetajobthatwasn’tyourfirstchoice，youmightdiscoveranewskillorinterest.Ifyouneedtosavemoney，youmaylearnthatcommitment(不得不做的事)isnecessarytoreachyourgoals.Whatifnothingworks