A_View_of_Mountains.ppt

1、Unit 4,A View of Mountains,Unit 4,Part Pre-reading activities Part Text A Part Text B Part Post-reading activities,Pre-reading activities,The atomic bomb exploded over Hiroshima City on August 6, 1945.,The city of Hiroshima was reduced to sheets. The then Hiroshima Prefectural Building for Promotion

2、 of Industry has been preserved as the Atomic Bombed Dome.,About 70,000 people were killed by the intensive blast and radiation of the plutonium bomb which exploded over Nagasaki City, August 9, 1945.,A person who sat on the step evaporated, only leaving the shadow.,Japanese kid after the Bomb (Naga

3、saki -Japan -1945),The thermic rays. The imprint of clothes upon the skin.,Two brothers were looking about for their parents. The face of the younger boy was stained with shriveled blood (Nagasaki - Japan - 1945),A burnt Japanese woman. (Nagasaki - Japan - 1945),Statue at the Peace Park, Nagasaki-Ci

4、ty,Text ,A View of Mountains,Pre-reading questions: 1. What do you think is the greatest threat to the existence of mankind? 2. Why are we so concerned about nuclear weapons?,Structure,In the text author talks about two things: what we see in Yamahatas pictures of the Nagasaki destroyed half a centu

5、ry ago, and what we should do about the nuclear peril existing today? There are two sentences from the text which can make most clear the authors opinion about the two things mentioned above: 1. at the end of the first paragraph 2.in the middle of the last paragraph “performing that the generations

6、now alive.”,Structure,The argumentative essay comprised three parts. Part (Para 1) Part (Para 2-3) Part (Para 4),Part (Para 1) The writer puts forward his thesis: a view of mountains in the background suggests the real extent to which the city was destroyed by the atomic bombing. Part (Para 2-3) The

7、 author argues that the bombing of Nagasaki is more representative of the nuclear peril threatening the world than that of Hiroshima and that we need to take actions to dispel nuclear threat from the Earth. Part (Para 4) He restates his main idea, we should not just worry about the nuclear peril but

8、 take actions to eliminate it to create a sager world.,Part (Para 1),In paragraph 1 the writer describes what Yamahatas pictures display: the effects of a nuclear weapon on human beings. And then he presents the main point of his argument: the true measure lies not in the wreckage but in the gone ci

9、ty, and this is where the significance of a view of mountains in the background of one of the pictures lies.,Part (Para 1),dispatch: vt. send off to a destination e.g. Parcels of food were dispatched to him by American friends. Chinese government was preparing to dispatch 4000 liberation army men to

10、 Hong Kong.,Part (Para 1),“ The hundred or so pictures he took the next day constitute the fullest photographic record of nuclear destruction in existence.” or so: about constitute: vt. compose, form e.g. Nitrogen (氮)constitutes 78% of the earths atmosphere In existence 存在，現(xiàn)有 e.g. The elephant is th

11、e largest land animal in existence.,Part (Para 1),Chinese version: 第二天他拍攝了上百張照片，這些現(xiàn)存的照片，最全面地記錄了原子彈的摧毀力。,Part (Para 1),“it was therefore left to Yamahata to record, methodically- and, as it happens, with a great and simple artistry the effects” The responsibility was therefore placed on Yamahas shoul

12、ders to record the effects systematically and timely with a great and simple artistry. methodically：adv. systematically 有系統(tǒng)地，有方法地 artistry: the creative skill of an artist, writer, actor or musician 藝術(shù)之性質(zhì),Part (Para 1),Chinese version 因此，重任就落在雅瑪哈塔身上，他要系統(tǒng)地用藝術(shù)家杰出的簡(jiǎn)單的技法來記錄和武器使用幾小時(shí)后對(duì)人類的傷害。,Part (Para 1)

13、,char: v. make or become black by burning燒焦 e.g. Halve the peppers and char the skins under a hot grill.,Part (Para 1),They have been burned by light technically speaking, by the “thermal pulse”- and their bodies are often branded with the patterns of their clothes, whose colors absorb light in diff

14、erent degrees. Technically speaking: 從技術(shù)角度來說 thermal means relating to or caused by heat or by changes in temperature. adj.熱的, 熱量的 thermal pulse：熱脈 brand: v. label or mark with or as if with a brand v. 打火印 烙印 e.g. they branded the cattle one by one. The US administration recently branded him as a wa

15、r criminal.,Part (Para 1),whole sentence: Technically speaking, they have been burned by thermal pulse. And because the different colors of the patterns of their clothes absorb light in different degrees, their bodies are marked with the patterns of their clothes. 從技術(shù)上來說- 熱脈沖燒著的，因?yàn)橐路念伾煌?，吸收光的程度不同，?/p>

16、使身體上烙著不同的衣服的圖案。,Part (Para 1),1. A heap of things is a pile of them, especially a pile arranged in a rather untidy way. 堆 .a heap of bricks. 2. Heaps of something or a heap of something is a large quantity of it. (INFORMAL)大量 You have heaps of time. I got in a heap of trouble.,Part (Para 1),hang ove

17、r v. 掛在.上, ledge: a narrow horizontal surface projecting from a wall etc.壁架：一種水平的凸出物，在墻上形成一個(gè)狹窄的擱板 ditch n. 溝, 溝渠, 壕溝,Part (Para 1),“ A third shows a girl who has somehow survived unwounded standing in the open mouth of a bomb shelter and smiling an unearthly smile, shocking us with the sight of ordi

18、nary life, which otherwise seems to have been left behind for good in the scenes we are witnessing.”,Part (Para 1),somehow: adv. In a way not specified, understood, or known ,以某種方式；以某種不特定，不理解或不知道的方式 bomb shelter : 防空洞 unearthly: adj. frightening, ghostly, mysterious, supernatural, 非塵世的，神秘的,怪異的 e.g.

19、The unearthly screams from the building woke up the people for good: permanently, finally 永久地 e.g. He says that hes leaving the country for good. witness: see, hear, or know by personal presence and perception,Part (Para 1),Whole sentence: The third photo is a girl who does not die and does not get

20、hurt. How she survived we do not know. She stands in the open mouth of a bomb shelter and she smiles queerly. Her smile shocks us and reminds us of a peaceful and ordinary life in the place here she stands if without such an atomic bomb. 第三張照片是一個(gè)女孩，不知怎的幸存下來，沒有受傷，站在防空洞入口，露出怪異的微笑，讓人感到震驚，如果沒有投放原子彈，在我們看

21、到可怕場(chǎng)景的地方，人們能過著幸福的生活。,Part (Para 1),“stretching into the distance on all sides are fields of rubble dotted with fires , and, in the back ground , a view of mountains. ” dot: cover or sprinkle with or as if with dots. 點(diǎn)綴用或似用點(diǎn)布滿。 E.g. We have offices dotted all over the region. 這個(gè)地區(qū)到處都是辦公室。,Part (Para

22、1),“That absence , even more than wreckage, contains the heart of the matter.” that vanished city rather than its remains represents the true measure of the event.,Part (Para 2-3),in this part, the writer first claims that the bombing of Nagasaki is the fitter symbol of the nuclear danger menacing t

23、he world; then he argues that we should not just apprehend the nuclear peril but try to dispel it from the earth. For this purpose, he maintains that picture taking is not enough and action is called for.,Part (Para 2-3),Why is the meaning of Yamahatas pictures universal? (from fifth line in Para 2

24、) Because they express an apprehension of the nuclear peril that hangs over us. What happened to Nagasaki could happen to any other city in the world.,Part (Para 2-3),In a flash: instantly, at once e.g. Her hair turned into white in a flash because of worry. “in the photographs, Nagasaki comes into

25、its own” In the photographs, Nagasaki regains its own status. 在照片中，長崎恢復(fù)了它本來的地位。,Part (Para 2-3),“Nagasaki has always been in the shadow of Hiroshima, as if the human imagination had stumbled to exhaustion in the wreckage of the first ruined city without reaching even the outskirts of the second.” Na

26、gasaki is less known than Hiroshima, as if the human imagination had been exhausted and stopped at the wreckage of the first ruined city and failed to reach even the outskirts of Nagasaki.,Part (Para 2-3),in the shadow of : 在 陰影下 e.g. They have lived in the shadow of war for about 20 years. stumble:

27、 walk or go unsteadily exhaustion: n. the state of being exhausted; extreme fatigue,Part (Para 2-3),“yet the bombing of Nagasaki is in certain respects the fitter symbol of the nuclear danger that still hangs over us. ” In certain respective, the bombing of Nagasaki properly represents the nuclear d

28、anger that threatens us. In certain respects: with regard to some aspects. 在某些方面 hang over: threaten, menace e.g. An economic crisis was hanging over the capitalist world. With the court case hanging over us, we couldnt enjoy our vacation.,Part (Para 2-3),Do you agree with the author when he says th

29、e bombing of Nagasaki is the fitter symbol of the nuclear peril? Why or why not?,Part (Para 2-3),“The predictable, open-ended character of the series is suggested by the fact that the second bomb originally was to be dropped on the city of Kokura, which was spared Nagasakis fate only because bad wea

30、ther protected it from view.” The second bomb was originally planned to be dropped on Kokura instead of Ngasaki. But because of its bad weather which made the city out of sight from the sky, American authority changed their plan to drop the bomb on Nagasaki, which indicated the unpredictability and

31、open-ended character of the nuclear war.,Part (Para 2-3),unpredictable: adj. difficult to foretell or foresee open-ended: adj. Not restrained by definite limits, restrictions, or structure; allowing for or adaptable to change 無限制的，沒有明確限度、規(guī)或框架限制的，可以隨意更改的。 e.g. Film-makers like open-ended scenario bec

32、ause they provide possibility to produce sequels .,Part (Para 2-3),spare: v. refrain from harming, punishing or killing 饒恕，赦免，不傷害 e.g. It will spare him embarrassment if you speak to him about it in private. Spare us the suspense and tell us who won the first prize. spared herself the trouble of goi

33、ng.,Part (Para 2-3),not so much A as B: 與其說A不如說B e.g. He is not so much a film star as an artist. In tact: entire, unimpaired 完整無缺的，尚未被人碰過的。 e.g. He lived on the interest and kept his capital intact. Despite his misfortunes, his faith and optimism remained intact.,Part (Para 2-3),“Yamahatas pictures

34、 afford a glimpse of the end of the world” Yamahatas pictures show us a part of the end of the world. 雅瑪哈塔的照片展示了世界末日的一隅。,Part (Para 2-3),“Yet in our day, when the challenge is not just to apprehend the nuclear peril but to seize a God-given opportunity to dispel it once and for all, we seem to need,

35、 in addition, some other picture to counterpoise against ruined Nagasaki ”,Part (Para 2-3),apprehend: v. expect with anxiety, suspicion, or dear 憂慮，恐懼 e.g. Do you apprehend any difficulty? apprehend a hot summer peril: n. serious or immediate danger I never felt that my life was in peril. dispel: ca

36、use to vanish 驅(qū)散，驅(qū)逐，使消散。 e.g. Id like to start the speech by dispelling a few rumors that have been spreading recently.,Part (Para 2-3),once and for all: now and for the last or only time 這是最后一次或唯一的一次，只此一次，絕不在重復(fù)，斷然。 E.g. Stop calling me once and for all.,Part (Para 2-3),The whole sentence: But one d

37、ay, when the challenge is not just to expect that there is possible danger from nuclear but to seize a God-given opportunity to drive the danger away now and for the last time, we seem to need some other picture apart from the pictures of Nagasaki to inspire in us a hope of life to counterbalance th

38、e sense of doom suggested by the ruined Nagasaki. 但是今日，挑戰(zhàn)不在于知道和武器的危險(xiǎn)，而在于抓住上帝賦予的機(jī)會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)消除核武器的威脅，而且，我們需要更多的照片激起我們對(duì)生活的希望，來抗衡毀滅的長崎所帶給我們世界末日的感覺。,Part (Para 2-3),Continuation: n. the act or an instance of continuing; the process of being continued. n.繼續(xù),Part (Para 2-3),What should we do in addition to appreh

39、ending the nuclear peril? What do we need to meet the more important challenge of eliminating nuclear weaponry?,Part Para 4,In this part the writer calls on us to take the responsibility of creating a safer world for new generations.,Part Para 4,“Now, they can come into existence only if, through an

40、 act of faith and collective will, we ensure their right to exist.” Now, they can exist only if, through an act of faith and collective will, we guarantee a safe living environment for them. 現(xiàn)在，只有通過信任和集體意志我們才能保證他們存在的權(quán)利，他們才可以存在。 ensure: make sth certain to happen E.g. The role of the police is to ens

41、ure that the law is obeyed.,Part Para 4,What should we do to ensure a safer world for the future generations?,Text B,Questions for discussion: 1. Why is the world situation uncertain and unpredictable? Because it is uncertain and unpredictable because military confrontation caused by disputes over t

42、erritory, recourses, religion and interest continues and non-traditional security threats characterized by terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction have become more salient.,Text B,2. How many points does the speaker maintain for nuclear disarmament? Repeat two or three of these po

43、ints. The speaker proposed nine measures for nuclear disarmament. Refer to Paragraphs 9-17.,Text B,3. What does the speaker talk about in Paragraphs 22-25? In paragraphs 22-25, the speaker talks about the concrete and practical measures taken by China in recent years to build up confidence between C

44、hina and its neighboring countries.,Text B,4. Why is the multilateral approach necessary to nuclear disarmament? Because the multilateral approach is necessary because more than one country possess nuclear weapons and these weapons cannot be reduced and destroyed without willing cooperation between

45、the nuclear sates, especially the nuclear powers like the United States.,Post-reading activities,Translation 1. 他們的牛都打上了字母C的烙印。 （be branded with） Their cattle were branded with the letter C. 2. 本賽季Brooks真正發(fā)揮了一個(gè)得分手（goal scorer）的作用。 （come into ones own） In this season Brooks has really come into his own as a goal scorer.,Post-reading activities,3.一場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)正在威脅著那個(gè)國家。（hang over） An