高一英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式用法總結(jié)及相關(guān)練習(xí)

1、不定式在句子中可以作主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ).賓補(bǔ).表語(yǔ).定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)：1.不定式作主語(yǔ) Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy. 學(xué)外語(yǔ)不容易。 IsitnecessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay? (it 為形式主語(yǔ) )有必要在國(guó)慶節(jié)之前完成這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)嗎？如果要說(shuō)明不定式表示的動(dòng)作是誰(shuí)做的,可以在不定式前加for引起的短語(yǔ),即for +名詞/代詞賓格+不定式。It is good for us to take part in physical labour 參加體力勞動(dòng)對(duì)我們有益某些表示人的品行的形容詞(如kind, good, ni

2、ce, wrong, careless, wise, foolish, polite, clever, right,unwise, stupid, thoughtful, rude, silly, impolite等)作表語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式前?？捎胦f引起的短語(yǔ),既be+形容詞+of+ 名詞/代詞的賓格+不定式.It is stupid of her to make such a mistake. 她真蠢,犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤2.不定式作賓語(yǔ) Iforgottoturntheovenon. 我忘記打開(kāi)爐子。有些及物動(dòng)詞用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)構(gòu)為動(dòng)詞+不定式。 affordaimagreearrangeaskdec

3、idepromisecarechoosedemand desiredetermineexpecthatehopefailhelplearnlong meanmanageofferplanpretendrefuseintend bothertend 3.不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 不定式可以和名稱或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)We advised him to have a good rest 常帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有 ask, tell, invite, force,advise,get,beg,allow,help,want,wish,like,order,expect,

4、prefer,encourage,hate,warn,permit等.但在make, let, have, see, hear, watch, notice, feel, observe, listen to, look at 等動(dòng)詞后的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中,不定式不帶to. 在help后不定式可以帶to,也可以不帶toThe boss made the workers work day and night.老板迫使工人們?nèi)找垢苫頦illyouhelpme (to)plantthistree,please? 請(qǐng)您幫我種這棵樹(shù)好嗎？ 4.不定式作定語(yǔ) Hehasalotofquestionstoask.

5、他有許多問(wèn)題要問(wèn)。不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后.不定式常和它修飾的詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.如果這個(gè)不定式是不及物的,它后面應(yīng)有必要的介詞I use a pen to write with. 5.不定式作表語(yǔ) Disneysgreatestwishwastobeafamousartist. 迪斯尼最大的愿望就是成為一個(gè)著名的藝術(shù)家。 6.不定式作狀語(yǔ) 不定式作狀語(yǔ)可以修飾動(dòng)詞,表示目的,結(jié)果,或原因To catch the first bus, I have to get up early. (目的)She went aboard never to return. (結(jié)果)I was su

6、rprised to see him there.(原因)不定式的否定形式否定式的否定形式是在不定式符號(hào)to前加not 構(gòu)成He decided not to go home.疑問(wèn)詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)疑問(wèn)詞who, which, what, when, where, how, whether等后接不定式,構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ),在句中作主語(yǔ).表語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)等。When to start has not been decided.（主語(yǔ)）I dont know what to choose.（賓語(yǔ)）The question is how to put the plan into practice.（表語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞不定

7、式省略to的情況1. 在助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面 May I ask you a question? 我可以問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎?2. 在 make, let, see, watch, hear, notice, feel, have, listen to , look at等動(dòng)詞后(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)) Let me hear you play the piano. 讓我聽(tīng)你演奏鋼琴吧。3. 在why引起的某些問(wèn)句中 Why turn off the gas? 為什么不再試一下？4. 在had better, would rather, would ratherthan, would sooner, wou

8、ld soonerthan, cannot but, do nothing but 等結(jié)構(gòu)后面 He cant but agree (他不得不同意) He would rather /sooner die than surrender(他寧死不屈) My mother could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive (我媽媽沒(méi)辦法,只好等醫(yī)生來(lái))5. 在 “Will you please + 動(dòng)詞不定式” 一類表示邀請(qǐng)或命令的句型中 Will you please bring me some chicken? 請(qǐng)給我?guī)c(diǎn)雞肉來(lái)好嗎?6. 在

9、 “Why” 或 “Why not” 一類表示建議的句型中 Why not join us? (= Why wont you join us?) 為什么不加入到我們中來(lái)嗎?7. 在介詞except, but之后,如果其前有動(dòng)詞do的某種形式,不定式一般不帶to,反之則帶to There is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining (沒(méi)辦法,只好等雨停了) There is no choice but to wait till it stops raining (沒(méi)辦法,只好等雨停了)8. 當(dāng)作賓語(yǔ)的不定式再次出現(xiàn)時(shí),為了避免重復(fù),不定式

10、往往省略,只保留不定式符號(hào)to.常出現(xiàn)在下列動(dòng)詞后:want, wish, like, love, hope, plan, try ,hate 等 You dont have to eat if you dont want to.如果你不想吃,就不必吃了 -Have you listened to the music? 你聽(tīng)了那首曲子了嗎? -No, but I plan to 沒(méi)有,但我打算聽(tīng)I(yíng).句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It is impossible that a child can lift such a heavy box.It is impossible _such a heavy box.2

11、. It happened that you had known each other before.You happened _each other before.3. The progress which will be made soon is of great importance.The progress _ is of great importance.4. The boss made the workers work all night.The workers were _all night.5. When we should hold the meeting is still

12、to be discussed.When _ the meeting is still to be discussed.6. It seemed they were writing something for somebody.They seemed _something for somebody.7. I find that it is difficult to speak English well. I find _to speak English well.8. Jane doesnt know how she can improve her Chinese. Jane doesnt k

13、now_ improve her Chinese.9. The girl got up earlier so that she might not be late again. The girl got up earlier_ be late again.10. We found the lesson was difficult to understand.We found the lesson _.II.單項(xiàng)選擇1. Im going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything_? A. to be buying B. to

14、 buy C. for buying D. bought2. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_ in making the earth a better place to live. A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing3. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple , but it remains _whether they w

15、ill enjoy it. A to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen4. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows_. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it5. - How do deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -T

16、he key _the problem is to meet the demand_ by the customers. A. to solving; making B. to solving; made C. to solve; making D. to solve ; made6. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market , many state-run companies are striving _ their product more competitive.A. to make B. making C.

17、 to have made D. having made7. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour.A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting8. In order to make our city green, _.A. it is necessary to have planted more tree B. many more trees need to plantC. our city needs more tree D. we must plant

18、 more trees9. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 10. _ you the truth, I didnt want to tell you about it. A. To tell B. Telling C. To be told D. Told11. Let your mother know all the truth. She appe

19、ars _ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told12._late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having13. In order to improve English, _. A. Jennys father bought her a lot of tapes B. Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself C.

20、a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny D. a lot of tapes were bought by Jennys father14. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying15. Her mother told her not to _, _ would be bad for her health.A. keep u

21、p; what B. keep up; which C. stay up; which D. stay up; what1. The poor girl was so frightened that she could do nothing but_there_. A stand; weep B stand;weeping C to stand;to weep D stood;wept2. The task they gave me is quite difficult to_. A do B be done C be finished D deal3. Paul doesnt have to

22、 be made_.He always works hard. A learn B to learn C learned D learning4. I hope _sucessful this time. A him to be B to be C that he be D it to be5. When the village was flooded,the last man_his house was my uncle. A left B to leave C leaving D being left6. Tom kept silent about the accident_lose th

23、e job. A so not as to B so as not to C so as to not D not so as to7. Will you be able to attend the lecture_next week. A giving B given C to be given D being given8. Helen had to shout_above the sound of the music. A making herself hear B to make herself hear C making herself heard D to make herself

24、 heard 9. The fat boy was made_more exercise to lose weight. A taking B take C to take D to takng10. Little Jim should love_to the theatre this evening.A to be taken B to take C being taken D taking11. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind_to buy. A what B whi

25、ch C how D where12. It is foolish _such a mistake. A for him to make B for him making C of him making D of him to make13. It is easy_one to pick up English in Britain. A of B for C to D in14. I find these problems are easy _. A to be worked out B to work them out C to work out D to be worked them ou

26、t15. Robert is said _abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in. A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying16. The patient was warned_oily food after the operation. A to eat not B eating not C not to eat D not eating17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the stre

27、et,but his mother told him_. A not to B not to do C not do it D do not to18. _more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789 A To find out B Finding out C Find out D Having found out19. People cant help_the foolish and the lazy succeed. A to make B making C get D getting20. The purpose of new te

28、chnologies is to make life easier,_it more difficult. A not make B not to make C not making D do not make21. I usually go there by train. Why not_by boat for a change? A to try going B to try and go C trying to go D try going22. _,I can speak very little English. A Tell you the truth B The truth to

29、tell C To tell the truth D Truth telling23. With some books badly needed_,she hurried to the bookstore. A buying B bought C to buy D buy24. Have you checked all the CDs_to the mountainous area next week? A sent B to be sent C sending D being sent25. Pleasant as they made it_,we felt tired after the

30、long journey. A to travel B travel C traveled D traveling26. The director had the assistant_some hot dogs for the meeting. A picked up B picks up C pick up D picking up27. Shall we go outing this weekend? Oh,with all this work_,I dont know if Ill have time to go out. A to do B doing C done D do28._a

31、 better education, one must work harder. A Get B Getting C Got D To get29. Rather than_everything to the last minute,he always prefers_early. A leave,start B leaving,start C leave,to start D to leave,starting30. Last summer holiday,I went back to my hometown,_the neighbours and the house_ I used to

32、be familiar with were gone.A only finding,which B only to find,that C to find,whom D found,that動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)：1). Im very busy this week and cant afford _ (see) two films.2). I aim _ (be) a lawyer. 3). They agreed _ (give) it to me the next day.4). I will arrange _ (do) as you wish.5). They ask _ (meet) you alone.6). She decided _ (live) in Lond