倒車?yán)走_(dá)系統(tǒng)的研究與設(shè)計(jì).doc

摘要倒車?yán)走_(dá)系統(tǒng)的研究與設(shè)計(jì)摘要汽車倒車?yán)走_(dá)是針對(duì)當(dāng)前公路、街道、停車場(chǎng)、車庫(kù)等越來(lái)越擁擠，加上存在視覺盲區(qū)，無(wú)法看見車后的障礙物，司機(jī)在倒車時(shí)很容易刮傷汽車，甚至發(fā)生事故的情況而出現(xiàn)的一種旨在倒車防護(hù)的汽車防撞系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)能夠在汽車以較低的速度進(jìn)行倒車的過(guò)程中，識(shí)別出車后部的障礙物，并能夠測(cè)量車與障礙物之間的距離，在車輛與障礙物發(fā)生碰撞前，發(fā)出聲光報(bào)警，提醒司機(jī)剎車。本設(shè)計(jì)從實(shí)驗(yàn)研究分析的角度，分析了超聲波測(cè)距原理以及國(guó)內(nèi)外此類汽車倒車?yán)走_(dá)存在的問題，提出了目前最簡(jiǎn)單、實(shí)用的一種倒車?yán)走_(dá)實(shí)現(xiàn)方案，即基于成都國(guó)騰微電子公司GM3101倒車?yán)走_(dá)芯片為核心的超聲波測(cè)距倒車?yán)走_(dá),該芯片功能集成度高，外圍只需接上超聲波傳感器和功率器件就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)功能，也不需要軟件編程。同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)中圍繞目前呼聲很高的汽車電器網(wǎng)絡(luò)化實(shí)現(xiàn)，提出倒車?yán)走_(dá)數(shù)據(jù)基于新型總線XY-CNBUS的傳遞方案。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中采用了模塊設(shè)計(jì)思想，簡(jiǎn)化了調(diào)試工作量，最終很好完成了超聲波測(cè)距倒車?yán)走_(dá)系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)、軟件設(shè)計(jì)及系統(tǒng)調(diào)試。關(guān)鍵詞：汽車倒車?yán)走_(dá)超聲波GM3101芯片XY-CNBUS汽車電器網(wǎng)絡(luò)化AbstractAbstractAutomobileReversingRadar(ARR)isaprotectionsystemwhichappearedintheconditionofthatthecarsarescratchedeasily,evensomeoftheaccidentshappenwhendriversreverse,forthereasonofthatthecurrenthighway,street,parkinglotsandgaragesaregettingmorecrowded,andthedriversareunabletoseeobstaclesbehindthevehiclebecauseoftheexistenceofvisualblindspots,aimedatpreventacarcrashwhenreversing.Thereversingradarsystem,whichcanrecognizethebarrieratthebackofcarwhenthevehiclesreverseatalowspeed,andiscapableofmeasuringthedistancebetweenthevehicleandobstacles,warnedthedriverstobrakeatthewayofsoundandlight,beforethecollisionoccurred.Thedesignanalyzeshowtheultrasonicmeasuredistanceandwhattheproblemoftheotherautomobilereversingradarswhichhaveappearedathomeandabroadare,fromtheperspectiveofresearchandanalysis.ThenintroducingthemostsimpleandpracticalwayatpresenttomaketheARR,thatis,theARRbasedintheGM8101chipwhichproducedinChengDuGuoTengMicroelectronicsCompany.Thechipisintegratedhighly,canfunctionasawholesystembyonlyconnectingtoexternalultrasonicsensorandpowerdevice,anddoesnotrequiresoftwareprogramming.Meanwhile,astheresearchaboutrealizingthevehicleelectricalnetworkisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartoday,aprogramthatthedataoftheARRistransferredinanewkindofbuscalledasXY-CN.Amodulardesignconceptwasusedattheprocessofdesigningthesystem,itsimplifiesthedebuggingworkload.Ultimately,hardwaredesign,softwaredesignandsystemdebuggingabouttheARRwascompletedverywell.Keywords：AutomobileReversingRadarultrasonicGM3101XY-CNBUSrealizationofthevehicleelectricalnetwork目錄目錄中文摘要Abstract目錄第一章緒論11.1研究背景11.2發(fā)展概況和當(dāng)前存在的問題11.2.1發(fā)展概況11.2.2當(dāng)前存在的問題41.3本設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容和目的5第二章系統(tǒng)相關(guān)理論與結(jié)構(gòu)62.1超聲波的測(cè)距基本原理62.2XY-CN總線介紹72.2.1概述72.2.2系統(tǒng)由來(lái)82.2.3XY-CNBUS型總線特點(diǎn)9第三章硬件設(shè)計(jì)及調(diào)試113.1系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)113.2GM3101芯片123.2.1概述123.2.2工作特征123.2.3封裝及引腳功能說(shuō)明133.2.4芯片具體功能及應(yīng)用133.3XY-CNBUS專用數(shù)字通訊芯片153.3.1CMT001芯片153.3.2CMT001芯片應(yīng)用參考電路163.3.3CMT100芯片173.3.4CMT100芯片應(yīng)用參考電路173.4系統(tǒng)電路解析及工作原理183.4.1上位機(jī)電路解析183.4.2下位機(jī)電路解析223.4.3工作原理243.5實(shí)驗(yàn)安裝及調(diào)試24目錄3.5.1焊接243.5.2調(diào)試過(guò)程及方法25第四章軟件設(shè)計(jì)及調(diào)試274.1系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)整體介紹274.2上位機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì)284.2.1上位機(jī)程序主流程圖284.2.2雷達(dá)模塊程序設(shè)計(jì)294.2.3上位機(jī)