高爾夫球車后橋主減速器設(shè)計(jì)說明書.doc

摘要高爾夫球車后橋（驅(qū)動(dòng)橋）作為汽車四大總成之一，它承載著高爾夫球車的滿載荷負(fù)重及地面經(jīng)車輪、車架及承載式車身經(jīng)懸架給予的鉛垂力、縱向力、橫向力及其力矩，以及沖擊載荷；后橋（驅(qū)動(dòng)橋）還傳遞著傳動(dòng)系中的最大轉(zhuǎn)矩，橋殼還承受著反作用力矩。高爾夫球車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)型式和設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)除對(duì)汽車的可靠性與耐久性有重要影響外，也對(duì)汽車的行駛性能如動(dòng)力性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性、平順性、通過性、機(jī)動(dòng)性和操動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性等有直接影響。另外，高爾夫球車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋在汽車的各種總成中也是涵蓋機(jī)械零件、部件、分總成等的品種最多的大總成。例如，驅(qū)動(dòng)橋包含主減速器、差速器、驅(qū)動(dòng)車輪的傳動(dòng)裝置（半軸及輪邊減速器）、橋殼和各種齒輪。由上述可見，高爾夫球車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)涉及的機(jī)械零部件及元件的品種極為廣泛，對(duì)這些零部件、元件及總成的制造也幾乎要涉及到所有的現(xiàn)代機(jī)械制造工藝。本文參照傳統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了高爾夫球車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的設(shè)計(jì)。本文首先確定主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和主要設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)；然后參考類似驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的結(jié)構(gòu)，確定出總體設(shè)計(jì)方案；最后對(duì)一二級(jí)主，從動(dòng)圓柱齒輪，半軸齒輪和全浮式半軸強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行校核以及對(duì)支承軸承進(jìn)行了壽命校核。本設(shè)計(jì)有以下兩大難題，一是將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)輸出扭矩通過萬向傳動(dòng)軸將動(dòng)力傳遞到后輪子上，達(dá)到更好的車輪牽引力與轉(zhuǎn)向力的有效發(fā)揮，從而提高載重汽車的行駛能力。二是差速器向兩邊半軸傳遞動(dòng)力的同時(shí)，允許兩邊半軸以不同的轉(zhuǎn)速旋轉(zhuǎn)，滿足兩邊車輪盡可能以純滾動(dòng)的形式作不等距行駛，減少輪胎與地面的摩擦。本設(shè)計(jì)具有以下的優(yōu)點(diǎn)：由于的是采用二級(jí)圓柱斜齒輪主減速器，使得整個(gè)后橋的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，制造工藝簡(jiǎn)單，從而大大的降低了制造成本。并且，提高了傳動(dòng)的可靠性。本設(shè)計(jì)的最大特點(diǎn)是：主減速器是采用傳統(tǒng)的圓柱斜齒輪減速器，與其他的齒輪相比，具有工作平穩(wěn)，噪音和振動(dòng)小的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，且經(jīng)濟(jì)性好。關(guān)鍵詞：高爾夫球車；后橋；二級(jí)主減速器；圓柱斜齒輪SummaryThebridge(drivebridge)isacarafterthegolfcarfourgreatlyalwaysbecomeofa,itloadsthecapacityloadlotusofgolfcarnegativeheavyandgroundthroughcarwheel,carandloadingtypecarriagethroughhangtheverticaldintthatgives,lengthwaysdint,horizontaldintanditsdintJu,andtheimpactcarriesalotus；Theempressbridge(drivebridge)stilldeliverstospreadtomovetofastenmediumbiggestturnJu,thebridgehullstillbearsrecoilJu.Thegolfcardrivesbridgestructurepatternandinadditiontohavingimportantinfluencetothecredibilityanddurableofthecar,designparameteralsotodrivingofcarthefunctionislikemotive,economy,goingsmoothlyandpasssex,flexibilityandholdtomovestabilityetc.tocontaindirectinfluence.Moreover,thegolfcardrivesbridgeinthecarofvariousalwaysbecomeinisalsothatthespeciesthatcoversmachinespareparts,partsandcenttoalwaysbecomeetc.isatmostgreatlytotal.Forexample,drivebridgecontainment,thelorddeceleratesamachine,badsoonmachine,drivefelloetospreadtomovedevice(halfstalkandroundsidedeceleratemachine),bridgehullandvariouswheelgear.Fromabove-mentioneditisthusclearthat,thegolfcardrivesthespeciesofmachinezeropartsesandcomponentsthatthebridgedesigninvolvesextremelyextensive,alsoalmostwanttoinvolveallmodernmachinemanufacturingsacrafttothesezeropartses,componentsandthemanufacturingalwaysbecoming.Thistextaccordingtothedesignmethodthatthetraditiondrivesbridgedtocarryonthedesignthatthegolfcardrivesbridge.Thistextmakessurethestructurepatternandmaindesignparameterofmainpartsfirst；Thenmakereferencetosimilardrivethestructureofbridge,makesureatotaldesignofofproject；Finallyto12classlords,frommovecylinderwheelgear,halfstalkthewheelgearandthewholefloattypehalfstalkstrengthcarryonpitintheschoolandacceptbearingstocarryonpitinthelifespanschooltowardspaying.Thisdesigncontainsfollowingtwogreatesthardnuttocrackses,oneistwistmotorexportationtheJupasstenthousandtospreadtomovestalktodeliverthemotivetobehindwheelup,attainbettercarwheeltoleaddintwithchangedirectioneffectiveexertionofdint,thusexaltationcarryheavycarofdriveability.Twoisbadsoonwhilemachineisdeliveringmotivetowardthebothsideshalfstalk,allowbothsideshalfstalkwithdissimilarityofturntosoonrevolve,satisfybothsidescarwheelpossiblywithpurelyrolloveroftheformmakenotetc.beapartfromtodrive,reducethefrictionoftireandground.Thisdesignhasafollowingadvantage:Becauseofisadoptasecondclasscylinderwheelgearlordtodecelerateamachineandmakewholeafterthestructureofthebridgesimple,manufacturingthecraftissimpleandthusandconsumedlyloweredamanufacturingcost.And,raisedtospreaddynamiccredibility.Thebiggestcharacteristicsofthisdesignis:Thelorddecelerationmachineadoptstraditionalcylinderwheelgeartodecelerateamachineandhavetoworkcomparedwithotherwheelgearssteady,noiseandvibrateasmalladvantage,andeconomygood.Keyword:Golfcar；Empressbridge；Thesecondclasslorddeceleratesamachine；Cylinderwheelgear目錄前言.51高爾夫球車發(fā)展簡(jiǎn)介.61.1.1國(guó)內(nèi)電動(dòng)車行業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀.61.1.2國(guó)內(nèi)電動(dòng)車行業(yè)發(fā)展前景.72主減速器設(shè)計(jì).92.1主減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式.92.1.1主減速器的齒輪類型.92.1.2主減速器的減速形式.102.1.3主減速