英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主

英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主來(lái)源：留學(xué)服務(wù)中心 諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)是首個(gè)每年一次的國(guó)際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，自1901年來(lái)每年都會(huì)授予在物理，醫(yī)學(xué)，化學(xué)，和平和文學(xué)方面取得的成就的人。劍橋大學(xué)成員由于很多顯著的成就被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，如DNA結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)現(xiàn)，國(guó)民收入會(huì)計(jì)系統(tǒng)和史詩(shī)與敘事心里藝術(shù)研究，青霉素的發(fā)現(xiàn)。劍橋大學(xué)的附屬機(jī)構(gòu)比其他任何機(jī)構(gòu)獲得諾貝獎(jiǎng)都要多。自1904年以來(lái)，劍橋大學(xué)共有88個(gè)附屬機(jī)構(gòu)獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)涉及了各個(gè)領(lǐng)域：29個(gè)諾貝爾物理獎(jiǎng)，25個(gè)諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，21個(gè)諾貝爾化學(xué) 獎(jiǎng)，9個(gè)諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)獎(jiǎng)，2個(gè)諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)和1個(gè)諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。劍橋大學(xué)各個(gè)學(xué)院當(dāng)中，三一學(xué)院獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)人數(shù)最多，共有32位。 DorthyHodgkin是劍橋首位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)女性獲得者，她致力于用于抵抗貧血癥的化合物結(jié)構(gòu)的研究。1950年，Bertrandrussel的西 方哲學(xué)史）使其成為了劍橋首位諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。歷史上僅有4人曾兩次獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，來(lái)自圣約翰和國(guó)王學(xué)院的FrederickSanger便是其中之 一，分別在1958年1980年獲得諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。劍橋大學(xué)的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主：1904 Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh)Trinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering Argon 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)氬1906 JJ ThomsonTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for investigating the electrical conductivity of gases 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1908 Ernest RutherfordTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for atomic structure and radioactivity 諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1915 William BraggTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics for analysing crystal structure using X-rays 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1915 Lawrence BraggTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for analysing crystal structure using X-rays 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1917 Charles BarklaTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering the characteristics of X-radiation 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1922 Niels BohrTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for investigating atomic structure and radiation 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1922 Francis AstonTrinity College 圣三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for work on mass spectroscopy諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1922 Archibald HillTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for work on heat production in the muscles 諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1925 Austen ChamberlainTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Peace, for work on the Locarno Pact 諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)1927 Charles WilsonSidney Sussex CollegeNobel Prize in Physics, for inventing the cloud chamber諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1927 Arthur Holly ComptonNobel Prize in Physics, for discovering wavelength change in diffused X-rays 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1928 Owen RichardsonTrinity College圣三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for creating Richardsons Law 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，創(chuàng)建理查森定律1929 Frederick HopkinsTrinity / Emmanuel CollegesNobel Prize in Medicine, for discovering growth stimulating vitamins諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1932 Lord AdrianTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for work on the function of neurons 諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1932 Charles SherringtonCaius College凱斯學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for work on the function of neurons 諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1933 Paul DiracSt Johns CollegeNobel Prize in Physics, for quantum mechanics諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1935 James ChadwickCaius College凱斯學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering the neutron 諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)中子1936 Henry DaleTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the chemical transmission of nerve impulses 諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)的化學(xué)傳遞1937 George ThomsonTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for interference in crystals irradiated by electrons諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1937 Albert Szent-GyorgyiFitzwilliam College 菲茨威廉學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for combustion in biology諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1945 Ernst ChainFitzwilliam College菲茨威廉學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the discovery of penicillin諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，青霉素的發(fā)現(xiàn)1945 Howard FloreyCaius College 凱斯學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the discovery of penicillin諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)青霉素1947 Edward AppletonSt Johns College圣約翰學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering the Appleton Layer諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)阿普爾頓層1948 Patrick BlackettMagdalene / Kings Colleges抹大拉/國(guó)王學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for nuclear physics and cosmic radiation諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，核物理和宇宙輻射1950 Bertrand RussellTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Literature, for A History of Western Philosophy, 1946諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，西方哲學(xué)史，1946年1950 Cecil PowellSidney Sussex College西德尼蘇塞克斯學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for nuclear physics and cosmic radiation諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1951 John CockcroftSt Johns / Churchill Colleges圣約翰/丘吉爾學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1951 Ernest WaltonTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1952 Richard SyngeTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for developing partition chromatography諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，開(kāi)發(fā)分區(qū)色譜1952 Archer MartinPeterhouse彼得學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for developing partition chromatography諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，開(kāi)發(fā)分區(qū)色譜1953 Hans KrebsNobel Prize in Medicine, for discovering the citric acid cycle諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)三羧酸循環(huán)1954 Max BornNobel Prize in Physics, for fundamental research into quantum mechanics諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1957 Alexander ToddChrists College基督學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for work on nucleotides諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1958 Frederick SangerSt Johns College and fellow of Kings College圣約翰學(xué)院和大學(xué)國(guó)王學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the structure of the insulin molecule諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，胰島素分子結(jié)構(gòu)1959 Philip Noel-BakerKings College國(guó)王學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Peace, for work towards global disarmament諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)1962 John KendrewTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for determining the structure of haemoproteins諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，確定haemoproteins結(jié)構(gòu)1962 Max PerutzPeterhouse 彼得學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for determing the structure of haemoproteinsPeterhouse諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1962 Francis CrickCaius / Churchill Colleges凱斯/丘吉爾學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for determining the structure of DNA諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，決定了DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)1962 James WatsonClare College克萊爾學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for determining the structure of DNA諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，決定了DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)1962 Maurice WilkinsSt Johns College 圣約翰學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for determining the structure of DNA諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，1962年確定的DNA結(jié)構(gòu)1963 Alan HodgkinTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the transmission of impulses along a nerve fibre諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，沖動(dòng)沿神經(jīng)纖維傳播1963 Andrew HuxleyTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the transmission of impulses along a nerve fibre諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，沖動(dòng)沿神經(jīng)纖維傳播1964 Dorothy HodgkinNewnham / Girton Colleges 紐納姆/格頓學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the structure of compounds used to fight anaemia諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1967 Ronald NorrishEmmanuel CollegeNobel Prize in Chemistry, for the study of fast Chemical reactions諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1967 George PorterEmmanuel CollegeNobel Prize in Chemistry, for the study of fast Chemical reactions諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1972 Rodney PorterPembroke College 彭布羅克學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the chemical structure of antibodies諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1972 John HicksCaius College凱斯學(xué)院Prize in Economics, for the equilibrium theory經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，均衡理論1972 Kenneth J ArrowChurchill College丘吉爾學(xué)院Prize in Economics, for the equilibrium theory經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，均衡理論1973 Brian JosephsonTrinity CollegeNobel Prize in Physics, for the tunneling in superconductors and semiconductors諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1974Patrick WhiteKings College國(guó)王學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Literature, for an epic and psychological narrative art諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，史詩(shī)與心理敘述藝術(shù)1974 Martin RyleTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the invention of aperture synthesis諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)明綜合孔徑1974 Antony HewishCaius / Churchill Colleges 凱斯/丘吉爾學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the discovery of pulsars諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)脈沖星1977 Nevill MottCaius / St Johns Colleges凱斯/圣約翰學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the behaviour of electrons in magnetic solids諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，磁性固體中的電子行為1977 Philip AndersonChurchill College丘吉爾學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the behaviour of electrons in magnetic solids諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，磁性固體中的電子行為1977 James MeadeChrists/Trinity Colleges基督/三一學(xué)院Prize in Economics, for contributions to the theory of international trade經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論的貢獻(xiàn)1978 Pyotr KapitsaTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for inventing the helium liquefier諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)明氦液化1978 Peter MitchellJesus College耶穌學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the energy transfer processes in biological systems諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1979 Abdus SalamSt Johns College 圣約翰學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for electromagnetic and weak particle interactions諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，電磁和弱的粒子相互作用1979 Steven WeinbergNobel Prize in Physics, for electromagnetic and weak particle interactions諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，電磁和弱的粒子相互作用1979 Allan CormackSt Johns College圣約翰學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for developing CAT scans諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)展CAT掃描1980 Walter GilbertTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the theory of nucleotide links in nucleic acids諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，理論核酸的核苷酸鏈接1980 Frederick SangerSt Johns College and fellow of Kings College圣約翰學(xué)院和國(guó)王學(xué)院的院士Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the theory of nucleotide links in nucleic acids諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，理論核酸的核苷酸鏈接1982 Aaron KlugTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the structure of biologically active substances諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，生物活性物質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)1983 Subrahmanyan ChandrasekharTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the evolution and devolution of stars1983年Subrahmanyan諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1983 William FowlerPembroke College彭布羅克學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the evolution and devolution of stars1983年Subrahmanyan諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)1983 Gerard DebreuChurchill College丘吉爾學(xué)院Prize in Economics, for reforming the theory of general equilibrium經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，一般均衡理論的改革1984 Richard StoneCaius College and fellow of Kings College 凱斯學(xué)院和國(guó)王學(xué)院的研究員Prize in Economics, for developing a national income accounting system經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)展一個(gè)國(guó)民收入核算體系1984 Cesar MilsteinFellow of Darwin and Fitzwilliam Colleges達(dá)爾文和菲茨威廉學(xué)院院士Nobel Prize in Medicine, for developing a technique for the production of monoclonal antibodies諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)展單克隆抗體的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)1984 Georges KohlerNobel Prize in Medicine, for developing a technique for the production of monoclonal antibodies諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)展單克隆抗體的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)1989 Norman RamseyClare College克萊爾學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Physics, for developing the separated field method諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，1989年為發(fā)展中國(guó)家的分離場(chǎng)法1996 James MirrleesTrinity College三一學(xué)院Prize in Economics, for studying behaviour in the absence of complete information經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，學(xué)習(xí)在沒(méi)有完整的信息的行為1997 John WalkerSidney Sussex College西德尼蘇塞克斯學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for studying how a spinning enzyme creates the molecule that powers cells in muscles諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，研究如何紡紗酶，創(chuàng)建分子，細(xì)胞在肌肉權(quán)力1998 Amartya SenTrinity College 三一學(xué)院Prize in Economics, for his contributions to welfare economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，他在福利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)1998 John PopleTrinity College三一學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the development of computational methods in quantum chemistry諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，在量子化學(xué)計(jì)算方法的發(fā)展2000 Alan McDiarmidSidney Sussex College西德尼蘇塞克斯學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the discovery and development of conductive polymers諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，導(dǎo)電聚合物的發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)展2000 Paul GreengardNobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，關(guān)于在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)的發(fā)現(xiàn)2001 Tim HuntClare College克萊爾學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，細(xì)胞周期的關(guān)鍵調(diào)節(jié)因子的發(fā)現(xiàn)2001 Joseph StiglitzCaius College凱斯學(xué)院Prize in Economics, for analyses of markets with asymmetric information經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，信息不對(duì)稱的市場(chǎng)分析2002 John SulstonPembroke College 彭布羅克學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)器官發(fā)育和程序性細(xì)胞死亡的基因調(diào)控2002 Sydney BrennerKings College國(guó)王學(xué)院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)涉及