2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢGrammar_過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞教案.docx

Section Grammar-過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 語(yǔ)法初識(shí)原句感知自主探究Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in.Not invited, he became very disappointed.Completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting.Beaten by the opposite team, we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other. Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.Can you try to get them to bring down the price?Lincoln said that it was not right for the south to break away from the Union.(1)句中黑體部分均在句中作狀語(yǔ)，分別表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨。(2)根據(jù)句可知，過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其否定形式通常是在分詞前加not。(3)句的黑體部分是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，分別由“動(dòng)詞介詞、動(dòng)詞副詞、動(dòng)詞副詞介詞”構(gòu)成。 語(yǔ)法剖析語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)一過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)一、過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等情況。這類狀語(yǔ)可放在句首、句中或句末，并可擴(kuò)展為一個(gè)從句或并列分句。1過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Asked her future plans, the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.當(dāng)被問(wèn)到未來(lái)的計(jì)劃時(shí)，這個(gè)女孩說(shuō)她想成為一名教師。Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come.當(dāng)你在森林里迷路的時(shí)候，首先你應(yīng)該待在原地，等待救援的到來(lái)。2過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作原因狀語(yǔ)Frightened by the tiger, the girl didnt dare to sleep alone.因?yàn)楸焕匣樦?，這個(gè)女孩不敢單獨(dú)睡覺(jué)。The child learns fast, well brought up by his parents.由于受到父母良好的教育，這個(gè)孩子學(xué)得很快。3過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作條件狀語(yǔ)Often blamed by the teacher, the students will lose heart.如果經(jīng)常挨老師批評(píng)，學(xué)生們就會(huì)失去信心。Given more time, we would do it much better.如果再多給點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我們就能做得更好。4過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作讓步狀語(yǔ)Left at home, John didnt feel afraid at all.雖然約翰被單獨(dú)留在家里，但是他一點(diǎn)都不害怕。Invited, I wont go to the party.即使被邀請(qǐng)，我也不去參加聚會(huì)。5過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)The teacher stood there, surrounded by many students.老師站在那里，身邊圍著很多學(xué)生。The old man, supported by his wife, went into the room.那位老人在妻子的攙扶下走進(jìn)了房間。6過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)He failed in the competition, blamed by his companions.他在比賽中失敗了，受到了同伴的責(zé)備。They went out in such bad weather, caught in a heavy rain halfway.他們?cè)谶@么惡劣的天氣里出門(mén)，結(jié)果在半路上遇到了大雨。二、過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題1過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；不定式作狀語(yǔ)，一般表示目的、原因、結(jié)果等。To get a wonderful view of our city, we climbed to the top of the tower.為了飽覽城市的美景，我們爬上了山頂。Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful.從塔頂上看，我們的城市更漂亮。Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of our city.從塔頂我們可以飽覽我們城市的美景。2過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，也可在前面加上when, if, while, though, even if等連詞(詞組)，以便明確是作何種狀語(yǔ)。When asked, she didnt answer.別人問(wèn)她的時(shí)候，她沒(méi)有回答。Though told many times, he still couldnt understand.雖然跟他說(shuō)過(guò)很多次，但他還是不懂。3過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其否定形式是在過(guò)去分詞前加not。Not encouraged by his parents, Jim felt a little sad.因?yàn)闆](méi)有受到父母的鼓勵(lì)，吉姆感到有點(diǎn)傷心。4有些分詞已成為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，使用時(shí)不必考慮它們與主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的有以下幾種：judging by/from根據(jù)判斷provided/providing that . 假如；在條件下given . 倘若；假定considering (that) . 考慮到supposing (that) . 如果Judging by/from his accent, he must be from the south.從他的口音判斷，他一定是南方人。I will agree to go providing/provided that you go with me.假如你陪我一起去，我就同意去。集中演練111.單句語(yǔ)法填空He entered, accompanied (accompany) by his secretary.When asked (ask) why he was absent, he said he was ill.Dressed (dress) in a white uniform, he looked more like a cook than a doctor.Though told (tell) to stop, the two girls kept on talking at the meeting.These problems, if not solved (solve) properly, will seriously affect the growth of teenagers and even the nations future.Finally, those sports stars came in, followed (follow) by so many fans.When offered (offer) help, one often says “Thank you” or “It is very kind of you.”12.單句改錯(cuò)Looking at in this way, the situation doesnt seem so disappointing.LookingLookedFound her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.FoundFindingIf separating from his best friend for a long time, he would feel lonely.separatingseparatedFacing with so many difficulties, he had a hard time those days.FacingFaced或去掉withUnless inviting to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.invitinginvitedJudged from the expression on her face, she must have news of great excitement to tell us.JudgedJudging語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)二短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就是由動(dòng)詞和其他詞一起構(gòu)成的習(xí)語(yǔ)。1動(dòng)詞副詞：不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。(1)put up, put down, take out, take up等及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)；若賓語(yǔ)為代詞，要將代詞置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間；若為名詞，位置則靈活；(2)break out, break down, come out, come on, go on, go out等不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)；(3)set off, set out等短語(yǔ)既是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。2動(dòng)詞介詞：這一類的短語(yǔ)通常都是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。agree on, agree with, approve of, break into, belong to, consist of, come across, fall for, hear of等。3動(dòng)詞副詞介詞：這一類的短語(yǔ)通常都是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。face up to, get down to, look forward to, look up to, look down upon, make up for等。4動(dòng)詞名詞介詞：這一類的短語(yǔ)通常都是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。take care of, make use of, pay attention to, take advantage of, take note of, take notice of, catch sight of, get/lay hold of, keep pace with, lose sight of, lose track of, make a fool of, make fun of, put an end/a stop to, take account of, take pity on等。5動(dòng)詞其他：如“動(dòng)詞it”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞make it, put it, get it等。集中演練221.寫(xiě)出下列句中黑體短語(yǔ)的漢語(yǔ)意思If I came across any CD about Liu Huan, I will buy it.偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)The students from the countryside make up more than 70% of all the students in this school.組成Since she left, I have never heard of her.聽(tīng)說(shuō)Interested in my story, they asked me to go on with it.繼續(xù)Thank you for putting me up on such a rainy night.為提供食宿They met, fell for each other and got married six months later.愛(ài)上Think over my tips and tell me if you can take them.仔細(xì)考慮22.選詞填空Young adults must break_away_from their parents control in order to achieve independence.In some countries, people are making_use_of the heat in the center of the earth.They were so far away that I couldnt make_out their faces clearly.We set_out to find the truth behind the mystery.Officials say they wont give_in to the workers demands.A quarter of children in the country suffer_from the disease.The unemployed will search_for jobs online.We will look_into the matter first before coming to a decision.鏈接高考單句語(yǔ)法填空1(2017江蘇高考)Working with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor.解析：句意：在非洲同醫(yī)療隊(duì)一起工作已經(jīng)使她彰顯了作為醫(yī)生最好的一面。bring out意為“使顯現(xiàn)，彰顯”，符合題意。2(2017天津高考)Mr.and Mrs.Brown would like to see their daughter settle down,_get married, and have kids.解析：句意：布朗夫婦希望看到女兒安定下來(lái)，結(jié)婚生子。settle down意為“安頓下來(lái)”，符合題意。3(2016北京高考)Ordered (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.解析：句意：這些書(shū)是一個(gè)多星期以前訂購(gòu)的，現(xiàn)在有望隨時(shí)到貨。句中the books與order之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)和完成。4(2016天津高考)I hate it when she calls me at work Im always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.解析：句意：我討厭工作時(shí)她給我打電話我一直很忙，沒(méi)時(shí)間與她進(jìn)行談話。carry on意為“進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)”，符合題意。5(2016浙江高考)When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut off from the world.解析：句意：當(dāng)孩子們住得離他們很遠(yuǎn)時(shí)，這些老人就感覺(jué)是與世隔絕了。cut off意為“隔離，隔絕”，符合題意。6(2015天津高考)Absorbed (absorb) in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.解析：句意：專心畫(huà)畫(huà)，約翰沒(méi)有注意到時(shí)間是晚上了。be absorbed in sth.“專心于某事”，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)去掉be即可。7(2015重慶高考)Raised (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.解析：句意：由于他在格拉斯哥最貧困的地區(qū)長(zhǎng)大，所以他用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，經(jīng)過(guò)艱難的過(guò)程才成為足球明星。句子的主語(yǔ)he與動(dòng)詞raise之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以此處要用過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)。針對(duì)演練.單句語(yǔ)法填空1Given (give) time, shell make a firstclass tennis player like Li Na.2Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.3Founded (found) in 1636, Harvard is now one of the most famous universities in the whole world.4Blamed (blame) for his carelessness by his teacher, Tony is in low spirits now.5Having_arrived (arrive) early for his date, Mark spent time reading the newspaper.6Lost (lose) in deep thought, he didnt hear the teacher call his name.7Forced (force) by the robber, Mary went upstairs to get the jewellery for him.8Driven (drive) by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more greenhouses.9To_complete (complete) more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.10Although warned (warn) several times, the boy still played computer games on weekdays.選詞填空set off， work out， take notice of， come across， put up， make up， pick up， set down， break down， make use of1Who will go to the kindergarten to pick_up your son?2Eleven students make_up the team.3Our car broke_down on the way to school so we had to abandon it and walked there.4Every minute should be made_use_of before the exam.5Please listen carefully and set_down what the teacher will say.6At seventeen, he set_off for the USA with a group of comedy actors.7He worked_out just how much the light would be bent.8Take_notice_of the marks we have made and dont get lost.9On a cold spring day, Mandy came_across Will, who was sitting by himself on a bench in the playground.10The school put_up a n