2018_2019學年高中英語Module3ForeignFoodSectionⅢGrammar_復習定語和定語從句教案外研版.docx

Section Grammar-復習定語和定語從句語法初識原句感知自主探究I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served.Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, continuing to chat.I still remember what I ate: a tuna fish and cheese sandwich.Do you know the girl singing over there?He is always the first person to leave the office.One evening he was entertaining the ruler of a small island in the Pacific.However, there are other kinds of foods that have taken longer for me to accept.But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.As we all know, Putin was elected President of Russia a third time.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.(1)句中黑體部分在句中均作定語。句中黑體部分在句中均作前置定語。句、中黑體部分在句中均作后置定語。(2)句中，黑體部分均為定語從句；其中句的黑體部分為非限制性定語從句。語法剖析1.定義定語是用來修飾名詞或代詞的詞?？捎米鞫ㄕZ的詞有：形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、從句以及非謂語動詞等。(1)名詞作定語修飾另一名詞時，一般用單數(shù)形式；man和woman作定語時，可以用單數(shù)和復數(shù)兩種形式，但必須隨所修飾的名詞的數(shù)而定。He broke a coffee cup. 他打碎了一個咖啡杯。He said that two women teachers would come to our village next week.他說兩個女老師下周要來我們村。 (2)用作定語的代詞為形容詞性物主代詞、of所有格和不定代詞所有格。Her proposal is worth considering.她的建議值得考慮。My business is none of your business.我的事與你無關。(3)基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞都可用作定語。We belong to the Third World.我們屬于第三世界。2位置定語的位置有兩種：前置定語和后置定語。(1)形容詞作定語時要置于其修飾的名詞前，但表語形容詞作后置定語；形容詞修飾不定代詞時也要后置。All the people present were for the plan.在場的所有人都同意這項計劃。There is something wrong with my watch.我的手表出毛病了。(2)有些時間和地點副詞(如：above, here, there等)作后置定語。Put the book on the shelf above.把這本書放在上面的架子上。(3)介詞短語、非謂語動詞和從句通常作后置定語。That is the teaching plan for you to discuss.那就是供你們討論的那份教學計劃。There is nothing that worries him.沒有什么事使他煩惱。3多個作定語的形容詞的順序當多個形容詞作定語時，其大概位置關系如下：大小(形狀、年齡)顏色來源材料用途被修飾的詞a pair of black Spanish leather boots一雙黑色的西班牙皮靴some beautiful little red flowers一些美麗的小紅花the first beautiful little white Chinese wooden bridge第一座美麗的中國小白木橋集中演練1畫出下列句子中的定語Youre a real fool if you believe it.答案：Youre a real fool if you believe it.They played an important football match against Liverpool last Sunday.答案：They played an_important_football match against Liverpool last Sunday.My hair needs cutting.答案：My hair needs cutting.Theres only one way to solve it.答案：Theres only one way to_solve_it.The two rooms upstairs are my sisters bedrooms.答案：The_two rooms upstairs are my_sisters bedrooms.He was walking in the park with a walking stick in his hand.答案：He was walking in the park with a walking stick in his hand.Look at the broken glasses.答案：Look at the broken glasses.The man who caused the accident escaped.答案：The man _who_caused_the_accident escaped.定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩類。1定語從句中關系詞的用法He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天看見的那個人。Please pass me the book whose cover is green.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。The package which/that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包裹快散了。Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time?你還記得我們第一次見面的那個晚上嗎？Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived?你能帶我看看莎士比亞曾住過的那座房子嗎？I dont know the reason why he didnt tell it to his father.我不明白為什么他沒有把這件事告訴他父親。名師點津(1)表示“方式”的名詞way后的定語從句中如果關系詞在從句中作方式狀語，關系詞用that或in which，也可省略關系詞。I dont like the way (that/in which) he talks to me.我不喜歡他和我說話的方式。(2)as引導限制性定語從句，指代人或物，在從句中作賓語或主語，通常用于下列結構：the same . as意為“同一樣的”，such . as意為“像這/那樣的”；引導非限制性定語從句，指代整句話，常譯為“正如”；從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。We do the same work as they (do)我們和他們干同樣的活。Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.我們車間使用的這種機器是中國制造的。2“介詞關系詞”引導的定語從句(1)關系代詞作介詞的賓語，當介詞置于定語從句句首時，關系代詞只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)。The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke.他正在用來寫字的鉛筆突然斷了。Look at the photo. This is Mr Green, in front of whom sit three students.看這張照片。這是格林先生，在他的前面坐著三個學生。Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?你還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？(2)“不定代詞或數(shù)詞ofwhich/whom”引導的定語從句可轉化為“ofwhich/whom不定代詞或數(shù)詞”引導的定語從句。其中不定代詞為：some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, most, part等。There are 40 students in our class, most of whom(of whom most) like English.我們班有40名學生，他們中的大多數(shù)喜歡英語。(3)“whose名詞”引導定語從句時，可轉化為“the名詞ofwhich/whom”或“ofwhich/whomthe名詞”。介詞of表示所有關系。I live in a room whose windows are all broken. I live in a room the windows of which ( of which the windows) are all broken.我住在一個窗戶都壞了的房間里。(4)“某些介詞關系副詞”也可引導定語從句。He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.他1988年畢業(yè)于北京大學。從那時起他在各方面都提高了。集中演練2(1)單句語法填空Do you still remember the farm which/that we visited three months ago?Is that the small town you often refer to?Yes, just the one where I used to work for twenty years.Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.Is this the reason_that_he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?The organization was founded by the two boys, whose_parents are both investors.Mr Brown is a man whom/who/that you can turn to for help when you are in trouble.The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.There are two things to which you should pay attention while learning English.The house, of which the roof was blown off by the wind, is the oldest one in this village.Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?He explained the reason for which he had done the thing for the old.I dont like the way in which he treats his parents.(2)單句改錯Reading has a lot of advantages, one of them is that it helps you develop reading skills.themwhichFirst, the place where weve decided to visit the Forest Park is not far away from the city.wherewhich/that或去掉whereFrom this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth.bridge后加that/whichMy house is about three kilometers far away from Xian Muslim Street where is full of local foods.wherewhich/thatAt the same time, another student, that saw everything, went up to help.thatwhoMy father was easily cheated, what surprised me.whatwhich鏈接高考單句語法填空1(2017全國卷語法填空)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _ is not good for the health.解析：which考查定語從句的關系詞。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語，先行詞為前面的整個句子，故填關系代詞which。2(2017全國卷語法填空)But Sarah, _ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.解析：who考查定語從句的關系詞。此句中Sarah是主語，wants是主句謂語，因此可以判斷此處空格所在句子為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Sarah，從句中缺主語且指人，故填who。3(2017北京高考單選改編)The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.解析：that/which考查定語從句的關系詞。句意：我們在日常生活中遇到的小問題可能就是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。分析句子結構可知，空格所在句子為定語從句，從句缺少賓語，先行詞是problems，故填that/which。4(2017天津高考單選改編)My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.解析：whose考查定語從句的關系詞。句意：我的大兒子的工作需要他奔波于世界各地，他現(xiàn)在在紐約。從句意和結構來看，空格處引導非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作定語，故填whose。5(2017天津高考單選改編)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _ (catch)解析：to catch考查非謂語動詞。句意：在整個會議期間我一直在看鐘表，因為我要趕火車?？崭袼诓糠钟昧薶ave sth. to do表示“有某事要做”，其中不定式作定語，故填to catch。6(2016全國卷語法填空)On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother. 解析：its考查代詞作定語。分析句子結構可知，mother是名詞，所填詞應作定語修飾mother，故填its。7(2016全國卷語法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, _ I was the first Western TV reporter _ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 解析：when; permitted考查定語從句的關系詞和非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，第一個空格處所在的句子是定語從句，修飾前面的“the mid1980s”，且從句缺少時間狀語，故填when；第二個空格所填詞與reporter之間是被動關系，應用過去分詞作后置定語，故填permitted。針對演練.單句語法填空1They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which made us quite angry.2All the books that were collected from the students will be sent to those schools in the countryside.3We went to Guilin, where we enjoyed ourselves.4The subway to_be_completed (complete) next year will ease the traffic jam in this city.5The concert_given_(give) by the students yesterday was a great success.6I got a text message just now saying (say) that there was something wrong with my credit card.7He has a lot of work_to_do (do) this weekend, so he cant go to Dalian with us.8As was expected, he performed the task with success.9She had eight children, three of whom grew up.10The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by angry crowd.完成句子1一個五歲的孩子正在疊紙飛機。A fiveyearold_boy is folding a paper_plane.2那個男孩在房間里發(fā)現(xiàn)了某件奇怪的東西。The boy found something_strange in the room.3這條被污染的河散發(fā)出難聞的氣味。The_polluted_river gives off a terrible smell.4眾所周知，由于全球氣候變化，地球正變得越來越暖和。As_we_all_know,_the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to the global climate change.5沒經歷過暴風雨的水手永遠不會成為一名優(yōu)秀的水手。A sailor who_has_experienced_no_storm will never become an excellent sailor.6我特別的愛好是讀書看報，這已經成為我日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。My favorite hobby is reading books and newspapers, which_has_become_a_necessary_part_of_my_daily_life.7在假期，我會住在鄉(xiāng)下，那里空氣新鮮而且人們友好。During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, where_the_air_is_fresh_and_people_are_friendly.8他昨天是在