2018年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)每日一題第20周完形填空夾議論文含解析.docx

完形填空夾議論文高考頻度： 難易程度：As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常規(guī)) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1at work in people of all 2. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4soon wears off and by January those 5toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someones 7interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 9of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 10but are soon looking forward to 11. The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 12, who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 13drove for hours at a time when they first 14their drivers licenses(執(zhí)照)? Before people retire, they usually 15to do a lot of 16things, which they never had 17to do while working. But 18after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 19. And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 20.1. A. principle B. habitC. wayD. power2. A. partiesB. racesC. countriesD. ages3. A. workingB. livingC. playingD. going4. A. confidenceB. interestC. anxietyD. sorrow5. A. sameB. extraC. funnyD. expensive6. A. well-organizedB. colorfully-printedC. newly-collectedD. half-filled7. A. broadB. passingC. differentD. main8. A. silentlyB. impatientlyC. gladlyD. worriedly9. A. promiseB. burdenC. rightD. game10. A. courageB. calmnessC. confusionD. excitement11. A. graduationB. independenceC. responsibilityD. success12. A. childrenB. studentsC. adultsD. retirees13. A. carefullyB. eagerlyC. nervouslyD. bravely14. A. requiredB. obtainedC. noticedD. discovered15. A. needB. learnC. startD. plan16. A. greatB. strangeC. difficultD. correct17. A. timeB. moneyC. skillsD. knowledge18. A. onlyB. wellC. evenD. soon19. A. lostB. choseC. leftD. quit20. A. petsB. toysC. friendsD. colleagues【文章大意】本文通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明這樣一個(gè)道理：各種形式的活動(dòng)，如果人們經(jīng)常做，都會(huì)產(chǎn)生厭倦情緒。7.B 【解析】這些東西說(shuō)明很多人曾經(jīng)喜歡某一件事，結(jié)果半途而廢。他們的興趣是短暫的(passing)。故選B。8.C 【解析】當(dāng)父母帶回家一只寵物時(shí)，孩子高興地(gladly)給它洗澡、刷毛。9.B 【解析】但是，過(guò)不了多久，照顧動(dòng)物的重?fù)?dān)(burden)又被移交給了父母。10.D 【解析】青少年帶著極大的興奮之情(excitement)進(jìn)入高中。11.A 【解析】但是，不久他們就盼望著畢業(yè)(graduation)。12.C 【解析】前句中的young adults暗示下文談?wù)摰氖浅赡耆恕８鶕?jù)文意可知，抱怨每天開(kāi)車(chē)上班花費(fèi)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的人，應(yīng)該是成年人。13. B 【解析】而當(dāng)他們剛剛拿到駕照時(shí)，他們翹首企盼(eagerly)一次開(kāi)好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。eagerly渴望地，符合文意?！厩蓪W(xué)妙記】議論文是一種剖析事理、論述事物、發(fā)表見(jiàn)解或提出主張的說(shuō)理性文章。議論文的目的不僅是客觀地解釋事物，還力圖說(shuō)服讀者相信并接受某一觀點(diǎn)。議論文是高考完形填空題中較難的一種體裁，它一般由三個(gè)要素組成：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。做好這類(lèi)題的關(guān)鍵在于要抓住作者的論點(diǎn)。議論文中對(duì)于論點(diǎn)的提出通常有三種形式：1. 開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，直接提出論點(diǎn)在有些議論文中作者開(kāi)頭就提出論點(diǎn)，通過(guò)論證，最后提出自己的看法，或提出另一個(gè)話題供大家討論。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，這種形式的議論文作者態(tài)度明確，我們也能很容易地把握作者對(duì)某一件事的看法。2. 導(dǎo)入式提出論點(diǎn)在有些議論文中，作者并不是直接提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，而是通過(guò)對(duì)某一現(xiàn)象的論述來(lái)贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng)某一事物，進(jìn)而提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，然后再用具體的論據(jù)去證明自己的觀點(diǎn)。3. 水到渠成式得出結(jié)論在有些議論文中作者開(kāi)頭只是列舉一系列生活中的現(xiàn)象，而不是表明自己的觀點(diǎn)，通過(guò)對(duì)具體現(xiàn)象的分析，最后自然得出結(jié)論，而此結(jié)論就是文章的論點(diǎn)。議論文形式的完形填空不像記敘文形式的完形填空那么有情景。因此，我們對(duì)整個(gè)文章的把握相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)也難得多。解答這類(lèi)題要遵循下列原則：1. 從首尾句入手，抓住中心議論文的寫(xiě)作思路一般為：提出問(wèn)題分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題。因此，文章的第一、二句話通常為文章的主題句，而文章的結(jié)尾句常為文章的結(jié)論。由此可見(jiàn)，我們必須充分利用文章的首尾句，推測(cè)出文章的中心，從而理解全文。2. 緊扣信息詞，把握作者觀點(diǎn)考生要弄清文章的行文邏輯，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、指代關(guān)系等。有時(shí)文章的第一、二段并不是作者的觀點(diǎn)，而是對(duì)某個(gè)事物的介紹或描述，然后用信息詞，如but，however，yet等將自己的觀點(diǎn)引出，因此，閱讀時(shí)一定要特別留意這些信息詞。3. 從語(yǔ)境入手，確定邏輯關(guān)系句與句之間總要反映出因果、假設(shè)、條件、類(lèi)推等邏輯關(guān)系。這些邏輯關(guān)系常常通過(guò)on the one hand, on the other hand, as a result, as a consequence, on the contrary, above all, first of all, secondly, finally, in case等單詞或短語(yǔ)表達(dá)出來(lái)。但有時(shí)作者并不使用這些單詞或短語(yǔ)，而是將邏輯關(guān)系暗含于文章中，這就需要考生根據(jù)語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定邏輯關(guān)系。4. 理清文章的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論如果我們連論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論都沒(méi)把握住的話，只能是漫無(wú)目的地選擇答案了。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，能說(shuō)明論點(diǎn)的答案可以在論據(jù)里得到印證，且作為論點(diǎn)的某些答案也可以與論據(jù)有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來(lái)，使論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)相輔相承，從而使整篇文章上下一致。如果我們所選的答案前后矛盾，論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)相悖，最后的結(jié)論與論點(diǎn)自相矛盾，那就說(shuō)明我們對(duì)文章的把握缺乏條理性和系統(tǒng)性，我們就需重新來(lái)理順文章的各部分，直到條理清楚為止，然后再根據(jù)自己對(duì)文章的把握及各部分的邏輯關(guān)系選出答案。 Why do we need inspiration? The answer is purely psychological. According to a magazine on1, by the time a child reaches the age of 18, the concept of No, you cant! has been strengthened 187 000 times,2the concept of Yes, you can! has been strengthened3about 2530 times.With this in mind, it is no4that so many people grow up to be failures or less than successful. Todays society5us this way. We simply do not believe we can win. Personally, I was6. While I grew up, my parents, teachers and classmates gave me tons of inspiration and7to pursue my creative abilities in both music and art. My wife taught in public school for over three decades,8my skills and knowledge to develop. Although we are by no9financially independent, by working at home and being10to our three children, I feel extremely successful in my quality of life.I have always believed true living is11each day to work at what you love to do more than12else in the world. But, most people become programmed work hard and make a living whether they13doing the work or not perhaps at the14of life.In order to be truly15financially, emotionally and spiritually, youve got to be filled with16for what you are doing. Talent is a gift, but it must first be17, then developed.Once this passion grows into a highly trained skill, you will become an extremely knowledgeable and a highly18specialist.To identify your talent, you must first search for your major19. When you find something you truly love doing, study and training seem20.1.A.psychologyB. medicineC. physicsD. astronomy2.A.sinceB. whileC. whenD. until3.A.alreadyB. wellC. stillD. only4.A.pointB. wonderC. doubtD. sense5.A.inspiresB. excitesC. programsD. prevents6.A.ambitiousB. healthyC. curiousD. fortunate7.A.encouragementB. booksC. demandsD. comment8.A.stoppingB. helpingC. allowingD. limiting9.A.methodB. meansC. wayD. condition10.A.familiarB. availableC. accessibleD. affordable11.A.wakingB. workingC. strugglingD. enjoying12.A.somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everything13.A.keepB. avoidC. denyD. like14.A.mercyB. rateC. expenseD. bottom15.A.successfulB. wealthyC. capableD. independent16.A.strengthB. hopeC. concernD. passion17.A.developedB. admittedC. discoveredD. invented18.A.paidB. skilledC. experiencedD. found19.A.skillB. problemC. advantageD. interest20.A.worthlessB. pricelessC. effortlessD. powerless【文章大意】本文為議論文，議論的內(nèi)容是我們都需要被激勵(lì)，以便能在經(jīng)濟(jì)上、情感上以及精神上獲得成功，從而過(guò)上自己喜歡的真正的生活。1.A 【解析】考查語(yǔ)境選詞。由上文中的The answer is purely psychological可知，此處表示有關(guān)心理學(xué)的雜志，故選A。medicine醫(yī)學(xué)，physics物理學(xué)，astronomy天文學(xué)。2.B 【解析】考查連詞的用法。此處為兩組數(shù)據(jù)187 000 times和about 2530 times的對(duì)比，故用while。since表示原因，when表示時(shí)間，until直到，均不符合語(yǔ)境。3.D 【解析】考查副詞辨析。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量少，故用only，表示Yes， you can!僅被強(qiáng)化了25次到30次。此處與上文中的No，you cant!has been strengthened 187 000 times構(gòu)成對(duì)比。7.A 【解析】考查名詞辨析。由語(yǔ)境While I grew up， my parents， teachers and classmates gave me tons of inspiration 可知，應(yīng)用encouragement與inspiration相呼應(yīng)。此處表示在我成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，父母、老師、同學(xué)給了我很多鼓勵(lì)。8.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。此處講述的是自己的幸運(yùn)之處，因此用allow sth. to do sth. 符合語(yǔ)境。此處表示我的妻子在公立學(xué)校教書(shū)教了三十多年，使得我的知識(shí)和技能得到發(fā)展。9.B 【解析】考查語(yǔ)境選詞。由前面的介詞by可知應(yīng)用by no means決不，一點(diǎn)也不。此處表示我們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)上沒(méi)有獨(dú)立。10.B 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指的是有空陪三個(gè)孩子。familiar熟悉的；available可獲得的，有空的；accessible可到達(dá)的；affordable買(mǎi)得起的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知選B。11.A 【解析】考查語(yǔ)境選詞。我一