2019秋高中英語Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero練習（含解析）新人教版.docx

Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern heroNelson Mandela：Six things you didnt knowNelson Mandela was very famous.But here are six things you may not have known about him.1He was a boxing fan.In his youth，Nelson Mandela enjoyed boxing and longdistance running.Even during the 27 years he spent in prison，he would exercise every morning.2His original name was not Nelson.Rolihlahla Mandela was nine years old when a teacher at the primary school where he was studying gave him an English nameNelson.3He was on a US terror watch list until 2008. Mr Mandela was only able to visit the US with special permission from the secretary of state，because the ANC had been considered as a terrorist organization(恐怖組織)by South Africas former government. 4He forgot his glasses when he was freed from prison. Mr Mandela was freed on 11 February，1990.When he pulled out the text of his speech，he realized he had forgotten his reading glasses and had to borrow his wifes.5Once he dressed up as a driver to escape the police.He used to dress up as a driver to escape the police while going underground in the country.6He had his own law firm，but it took him years to get a law degree.Mr Mandela studied law on and off for 50 years from 1939，failing about half the courses he took.He finally got a law degree while in prison in 1989.【詞海拾貝】1original adj.最初的2terror n恐怖3permission n允許；批準【問題思考】Ture (T) or False (F)：1Nelson Mandela liked boxing when he was very old.()2Nelson Mandela left his reading glasses in the prison when he was freed.()答案：1.F2.T.重點單詞分類記 拼寫高頻單詞1_vi.請求；乞求2_vt.建立；建設3_vt.判決；宣判4_adj.相等的；平等的5_vt.進攻；攻擊；抨擊6_vi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開7_n報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞8_vt.&vi.投票；選舉n投票；選票；表決9_n意見；看法；主張10_adj.懷有希望的；有希望的答案：1.beg2.found3.sentence4.equal5.attack6.escape7.reward8.vote9.opinion10.hopeful聯(lián)想拓展單詞 1_n指導；領導_v指導2_adj.法律的；依照法律的_adj.非法的3_adj.樂意的；自愿的_n自愿；樂意4_vt.獻身；專心于_adj.忠實的；深愛的_n奉獻，獻身，忠誠5_adj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的_n和平6_n暴力；暴行_adj.暴力的；猛烈的7_vt.教育；訓練_adj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的_n教育8_adj.積極的；活躍的_adv.積極地；活躍地_n活動9_n自我；自身_adj.自私的_adj.無私的；忘我的_adv.無私地；忘我地10_adj.殘忍的；殘酷的_n殘忍；殘酷答案：1.guidanceguide2.legalillegal3willingwillingness4.devotedevoteddevotion5peacefulpeace6.violenceviolent7educateeducatededucation8activeactivelyactivity9selfselfishselflessselflessly10.cruelcruelty識記閱讀單詞1quality n_2generous adj. _3principle n. _4unfair adj. _5mean adj. _6terror n. _答案：1.質量；品質；性質2.慷慨的；大方的3法則；原則；原理4.不公正的；不公平的5吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的6.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時期；恐怖活動.重點短語快速記1_失業(yè)2_事實上3_使充氣；爆炸4_在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5_求助于；致力于6_喪失勇氣或信心7_當權；上臺8_設立；建立9_被判處(徒刑)10_愿意做某事答案：1.out of work2.as a matter of fact3.blow up4in trouble5.turn to6.lose heart7come to power8.set up9.be sentenced to10be willing to do.經(jīng)典句式應用記1The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage_(我們幾乎什么權利都沒有)(where引導定語從句)2However，this was a time_(一個人必須要有身份證)to live in Johannesburg.(when引導定語從句)3_(只有到那個時候，我們才決定)answer violence with violence.(only狀語置于句首的倒裝句式)4I felt bad_(第一次)I talked to a group.(the first time引導時間狀語從句)答案：1.where we have almost no rights at all2when one had got to have a passbook3Only then did we decide to4.the first time.Skimming for the main information1Whats the main idea of the text?AThe life of black workers.BThe fight between Mandela and the white people.CThe stories between Mandela and Elias.DThe education of Elias.答案：C2Find out the main idea of each paragraph.Paras.12AThe change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela didParas.37 BThe life of Elias before he met Nelson Mandela答案：Paras.12BParas.37A.Scanning for detailed information1Elias had to leave school because_Ahe was too youngBhe didnt like to studyChis school was far away from his homeDhis family could not continue to afford the school fees and the bus fare2When Elias first met Nelson Mandela，_Alife was difficult for EliasBMandela was in troubleCElias was at schoolDElias was a very good worker 3In 1952，Mandela was a_AworkerBpresident Cteacher Dlawyer4In Eliaseyes，Mandela was_Asilent and helpful Brich but selfishCkind and helpful Dpoor but kind5Whats the purpose of Mandelas work?ATo help the poor become rich.BTo build a new government.CTo make black and white people equal.DTo help the black beat the white.答案：1.D2.A3.D4.C5.C.Intensive reading to finish the passageElias is a poor black worker in South Africa.He 1._ (begin) school at six and got a job in a gold mine.But he was always worried about being out 2._work because he didnt have a passbook.It was in 1952 that Elias first 3._(meet) Nelson Mandela 4._helped him to get one.Elias joined the ANC 5._(young) League organized by Nelson Mandela and helped Mandela blow 6._some government buildings 7._he did not like violence and it was 8._(danger) for him.He knew he did this 9._(realize) their dream of making black and white people 10._ (equality)答案：1.began2.of3.met4.that/who5.Youth6up7.though8.dangerous9.to realize10.equal.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text1However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.句式分析本句是主從復合句。a time是先行詞，when引導的是定語從句且在從句中作狀語。嘗試翻譯2Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there，and I worried about whether I would become out of work.句式分析本句是并列句。and連接了兩個并列分句，在第一個分句中，because引導的是原因狀語從句。在第二個分句中，whether引導的是賓語從句。嘗試翻譯3But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.句式分析本句是主從復合句。But I was happy to help是主句。because引導的是原因狀語從句，it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal是省略了連詞that的賓語從句。嘗試翻譯答案：1.然而，那時要有所需證件才能住在約翰內斯堡。2糟糕的是我沒有身份證，因為我不是在那里出生的，因而我很擔心是否會失業(yè)。3但是我樂于幫忙，因為我知道這將幫助我們實現(xiàn)黑人和白人平等的夢想。A級基礎過關.單句語法填空在句中空白處填上適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。1We live in an age_more information is available with greater ease than ever before.2Most of the students in our class are_(will)to spend their money and time on books and other useful things.3Some of the films are full of_(violent)，which is not good for young kids.4Were just trying to reach a point_ both sides will sit down together and talk.5Every time I_(see) the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers.6When the sports hero turned_at our party，he was welcomed with open arms.7Its important to learn to take a positive attitude_ life when you are_ trouble.8Tsinghua University，_(found)in 1911，is one of the best universities in China.9Under our teachers careful_(guide)，we finished our homework in advance.10People who are well_(educate)will be respected by everyone.答案：1.when2.willing3.violence4.where5.see6up7.to/cated.選詞填空(注意形式的變化)fight for；come to power；turn to；devote.to；out of work；escape from；beg for；set up；blow up；be sentenced to1Since he_，the situation in the country has been greatly improved.2The thief_five months in prison because of stealing things in the shop.3The poor man had no money so he had to_ food in the street.4The policeman caught the robber，who was trying to _ the police car.5After many failures，he finally_ his own company.6He will_ his teacher for help when he meets some difficulties in English.7I just cant understand why he_again.He has done so many kinds of jobs.8This is worth all the time and money I_learning and practice.9I_ some balloons to decorate my room.10All the poor were_ food.答案：1.came to power2.was sentenced to3.beg for4escape from5.set up6.turn to7.is out of work8devote to9.blew up10.fighting for.完成句子1Dusk found the little girl _.黃昏時分這個小姑娘在街上賣花。2The incident had reached to_ both their parents were to be called in.事情已發(fā)展到雙方家長必須被叫來的程度。3_ can we learn English well.只有以這種方式我們才能學好英語。4Mary_ Chinese well.瑪麗漢語的確說得很好。5I felt he was an honest person_ I saw him.第一次見到他時，我就感覺到他是一個誠實的人。答案：1.selling flowers in the street2.a stage where3Only in this way4.does speak5.the first timeB級能力提升.閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Donald John Trump(born on June 14，1946)，is an American businessman and politician who became the presidentelect of the United States on November 8, 2016.Since 1971 he has chaired The Trump Organization，the principal holding company for his real estate ventures and other business interests. During his business career，Trump has built office towers，hotels，casinos，golf courses，and other branded facilities worldwide.Trump was born and raised in New York City and received a bachelors degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1968.In 1971，he was given control of his father Fred Trumps real estate and construction firm.Trump has appeared at the Miss USA pageants，which he owned from 1996 to 2015，and has made cameo appearances in films and television series.Trump and his businesses，as well as his three marriages，have received prominent media exposure. He hosted a popular NBC reality show，The Apprentice，from 2004 to 2015.As of 2016，he was listed by Forbes as the 324th wealthiest person in the world，and 156th in the United States，with a net worth of $3.7 billion in October 2016. Trump first campaigned for the US presidency in 2000，winning two Reform Party primaries.On June 16，2015，Trump again announced his candidacy for president，this time as a Republican.Trump became known for his opposition to illegal immigration and free trade agreements，as well as his frequently noninterventionist views on foreign policy，and quickly emerged as the Republican nomination frontrunner.As of March 23，2016，Trump has won 21 contests in the 2016 Republican presidential primaries.He was elected as the 45th US president in the 2016 election on the Republican ticket，defeating Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton，and was scheduled to take office on January 20，2017.At 70 years old，he is the oldest person to ever assume the presidency.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇人物傳記，介紹了美國新總統(tǒng)唐納德約翰特朗普的情況。1This passage is most probably taken from_Aa storybookBa biography bookCa science book Dan advertisement解析：推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了美國總統(tǒng)特朗普的一些事情，故是人物傳記。答案：B2Where is Donald Trumps hometown?ALondon. BParis.CNew York. DBeijing.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“Trump was born and raised in New York City”可知特朗普出生且在紐約長大。答案：C3From the passage，we can know that Donald Trump was_Awealthy and successfulBintelligent but meanCgoodtempered and tolerantDforgetful and sensitive解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段特朗普是世界上排名第324位的富翁，可知他非常富有和成功。答案：A4We can learn from the passage that_ADonald Trump is only successful in business fieldBDonald Trump was born in a poor familyCDonald Trump is in favour of illegal immigrationDDonald Trump is the oldest president of the United States解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“he is the oldest person.”可知D項正確。答案：D.七選五根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyone Can Be Great；You Just Need To Know How Whether you want to be a great student，a brilliant researcher，an excellent parent or a highly successful businessman，you will have the same mindset(思維方式)You have a goal，your values and ethics(道德準則)are rock solid，you persevere(堅持)，and you keep victory in sight.Sounds simple，right? Well，not really._1_Set big goalsIf you have minor goals or objectives，you will never be great._2_. Big goals drive you farther.Write the goals down.To achieve your goals you also need to know your strengths and weaknesses.Selfcriticism is also helpful to achieve your targets.Remember your values3_. You will not cheat in exams and you will not invest in shady(可疑的)stocks.Honesty and fair，ethical business practices will stand the test of time and are a vital part in achieving greatness.Learn to handle difficultiesRead any book you want on all the great success stories of our times from Albert Einstein，Nelson Mandela，Steve Jobs，to Bill Gates.They all had one thing in common._4_5_In seeking greatness，many people neglect(忽略) to look after the emotional，spiritual，and wellness aspects of their lives on this planet.Work takes over 95% of their lives.But with small changes，you can transform the quality of your relationships and regain worklife balance.AManage your worklife balanceBEnjoy life and forget about workCThey had to face troubles and failures，but they did not quitDTake every chance you get to learn from others and build a networkEKeep your major aims always in your mind and you will know where you are goingFHere are some things you need to concentrate on to make sure you know how to be greatGAbove all，be aware that certain principles are always the foundations of being great答案：1.F2.E3.G4.C5.A.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。The whole school was talking about the coming trip at a winter camp.And everyone was_1_，except me.“Ill hate it，” I told my parents.“Ill get homesick(想家的)Ill look stupid at winter sports，and everyone will_2_ me.”“You might be surprised，Bree，” said mum.“The only way to find out is to_3_”“Its what growing up is all about，” dad added.When_4_ the camp，we were asked to share one_5_“Im afraid Ill be homesick，” someone said.I wasnt the only one？！ I began to_6_After lunch，we were asked to ski (滑雪) down to the field.I skied_7_，but I still hit a piece of ice and_8_“Ha! Ha！” Behind me，somebody started laughing.I_9_ to see who was making fun of me.To my_10_，I saw a girl in the same awkward(尷尬的) position I was in.“I thought Id be bad at this，_11_ Im worse than I expected！” she said._12_，I started laughing too.After being so_13_of falling，it was a comfort not to fear it anymore.At dinnertime，I was so happy to be talking about interesting things that I_14_to feel homesick.The next day，I was_15_ to try ski jumping first，even though I didnt want to.But when my feet left the ground，I felt I was_16_ and it was wonderful.Maybe dad was right when he said，“You might_17_ it if you give it a chance！”Maybe the kind of_18_ mum and dad were talking about had more to do with my outlook (態(tài)度) than my looks.We all_19_fitting in and failing when we try_20_things.Sometimes youve got to fall on your face to discover how much youve got in common.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。在成長過程中我們或許會害怕嘗試新事物，或許會害怕失敗，然而，這些都是成長的必經(jīng)階段。在此過程中，我們需要以積極向上的態(tài)度來面對這一切。1A.strangeBexcitedCnervous Dsad解析：根據(jù)該空后的“except me”和“Ill hate it”可知，作者不想去冬令營，然而其他人都很“興奮(excited)”。答案：B2A.laugh at Bwait forCspeak to Dtalk about解析：根據(jù)前半句“Ill look stupid at winter sports”可知，由于作者不擅長冬季運動項目，因此害怕別人會“笑話(laugh at)”她。答案：A3A.change BdreamCtry Dmove解析：作者的媽媽鼓勵作者自己去“嘗試(try)”。答案：C4A.searching for Barriving atCmaking up Dreturning to解析：根據(jù)文章首句中的“the coming trip at a winter camp”可知，此處指“到達(arriving at)”營地。答案：B5A.story BfactCpurpose Dfear解析：根據(jù)下一句中的“Im afraid Ill be homesick”可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事(fear)”。答案：D6A.relax BaskCeat Dsleep解析：作