八年級英語上冊Unit3Computers課件牛津深圳版.ppt

Unit3Computers,Module2Scienceandtechnology,自主預(yù)習(xí),一、根據(jù)漢語寫出英文單詞1.(計算機)顯示器(n.)_2.揚聲器(n.)_3.打字(v.)_4.受喜愛的；受歡迎的(adj.)_5.操縱；控制(v.)_6.依靠；依賴(v.)_7.極小的；微小的(adj.)_8.昂貴的；價格高的(adj.)_9.比較；對比(v.)_10.操作；控制(v.)_11.總額；合計(n.)_12.訂貨；訂購(n.)_,monitor,speaker,type,popular,control,depend,tiny,expensive,compare,operate,total,order,二、根據(jù)漢語寫出下列詞組1.依靠_2.總計；共計_3.盼望；期待_4.除之外（還）_5.怎樣處理_6.玩電腦游戲_7.沒意識到；未察覺_8.從事工作_,dependon,grandtotal,lookforwardto,inaddition,what.dowith,playcomputergames,(be)unawareof,workas,三、翻譯下列句子1.現(xiàn)在電腦正變得更小、更好。_2.你對電腦的依賴程度比你意識到的要深得多。_3.它們能比我們計算得更快,而且?guī)缀鯊牟怀鲥e。_4.此外,電腦還能做一些重要的工作,例如操控鐵路系統(tǒng),駕駛飛機和宇宙飛船。_5.例如,它們可能比人類(醫(yī)生)更勝任醫(yī)生這種工作。_,Nowcomputersarebecomingsmallerandbetter.,Youdependoncomputersmorethanyourealize.,Theycancalculateatafasterspeedthanwecanandalmostnevergivewronganswers.,Inaddition,computerscandoimportantjobslikeoperatingrailwaysandflyingplanesandspaceships.,Forexample,theymaybebetterthandoctorsatdoingtheirjob.,詞匯精析,【1】ordern.arequestforgoods訂貨，訂購;aconditionofregularorproperarrangement順序；秩序Wevereceivedanorderforthreetonsofcoal.我們已經(jīng)收到了兩噸煤的訂單。Pleasearrangeinalphabeticalorder.請按字母順序排列。,【拓展】(1)keepsth.inorder使某物有次序Itsnoteasyfortheteacherstokeeptheirclassesinorder.教師要把課堂秩序維持好是不容易的。（2）order還可以作動詞，意為“命令；訂購；點餐”，ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事Heorderedthemtostarttheworkatonce.他命令他們馬上開始工作?！緫?yīng)用】(1)Heorderedtheenemysoldiers_(put)downtheirguns.(2)()Pleasekeepalltheitemsorder.A.inB.outofC.with,toput,A,【2】comparev.findoutthesimilaritiesordifferencesbetweenthings比較；對比Youshouldcomparethepricesbeforeyoubuysomething.你應(yīng)該在買東西前比較一下價格?！就~】（1）comparativeadj.比較的Whydontwedosomecomparativeadvertising？我們?yōu)槭裁床荒茏鲆恍Ρ葟V告呢？（2）comparisonn.比較；對比HewroteapaperonthecomparisonbetweenChinesecultureandAmericanculture.他寫了一篇關(guān)于中國文化和美國文化的比較的論文。,【拓展】(1)compare.with.把與作比較Compareyourlifestylewithhis,hisishealthier.用你的生活方式與他的比較，他的更健康。(2)compare.to.把比喻成PeopleoftencompareyoungpeopletotherisingSun.人們常把年輕人比喻成正在升起的太陽。,【應(yīng)用】(1)Thereisno_(compare)betweenthetwo.(2)()Comparethiscar_thatone,andyouwillfindthedifferencesbetweenthem.A.toB.withC.for(3)()Thissongcomparesourcountryabigfamily.A.toB.withC.for,comparison,B,A,【3】speakern.someonewhotalks（especiallysomeonewhohasapublicspeech）演講者;apieceofelectricalequipment,forexamplepartofaradioorsetofequipmentforplayingCDsortapes,throughwhichsoundcomesout揚聲器Thesoundsoftheguitararesentthroughthespeaker.吉他的聲音通過揚聲器傳送出去?！就~】（1）speakv.“說；講”，其過去式為spoke，過去分詞為spoken。IrangthehotelandspoketoLouie.我打電話給賓館，跟路易通了話。（2）speechn.演講；講話Hisspeechinspiredthesoldierswithcourage.他的講話激發(fā)了戰(zhàn)士們的勇氣。,【拓展】speak，tell與say的用法區(qū)別（1）習(xí)慣用法：表示“演說；演講；發(fā)言”等，一般用speak。Whoisgoingtospeakatthemeeting?誰將在會上發(fā)言？表示“講故事；說謊”等，一般用tell。Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.他經(jīng)常給我們講有趣的故事。tellastory講故事tellthetruth說實話表示“說某種語言”，一般用speak。DoyouspeakFrench?你會說法語嗎?,（2）tell可意為“講述；告訴”。tellsb.sth.意為“告訴某人某事”；tellsb.（not）todosth.意為“告訴某人（不要）去做某事”。（3）talk一般為不及物動詞，意思是“交談；談話”，著重強調(diào)兩者之間的相互說話。talk常用短語為talkabout。（4）say一般用作及物動詞，著重強調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容，它的賓語可以是名詞、代詞或賓語從句。Hecansayhisname.他會說他的名字。PleasesayitinEnglish.請用英語說。Shessaying，“Dontdrawonthewall.”她在說：“別在墻上畫?！?【應(yīng)用】（1）Thefirst_（speak）begantotalk,veryfastandratherloudly.（2）Whenshewasyoung,she_（speak）EnglishintheUSA.,speaker,spoke,【4】controlv.tousepowertomanageorcommand操縱，控制（機器或系統(tǒng)等）Youmustlearntocontrolyourtemper.你必須學(xué)會控制你的脾氣。,【拓展】(1)losecontrol失去控制Youshouldntlosecontrol.你不應(yīng)該失控。(2)outofcontrol失去控制Theplaneisoutofcontrol.飛機失控了。(3)undercontrol處于控制之下Thefirehasbeenbroughtundercontrol.火勢已受到控制。(4)underonescontrol在某人的控制下DuringtheWorldWarII,theareawasunderthecontroloftheUSNavy.二戰(zhàn)期間，這一地區(qū)被美國海軍所控制?！緫?yīng)用】()Everythingis_control.A.onB.outC.under,【5】dependv.toneedthehelpofsomeone,ortotrustthatsomeonewilldosomething依靠；依賴AlllivingthingsdependontheSunfortheirgrowth.萬物依靠太陽生長?！就~】（1）dependentadj.依賴的Childrenaretotallydependentontheirparentsforfoodandshelter.小孩子完全依賴父母提供食宿。(2)dependencen.依靠Helivedinastateofdependenceonhisfriendshelp.他依靠朋友的幫助而生活。,(3)independentadj.獨立的Weshouldlearntobeindependent.我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會獨立。(4)independencen.獨立Hewasafraidoflosinghisindependence.他擔(dān)心喪失自己的獨立。【拓展】dependon依靠；依賴；取決于。當(dāng)意為“依靠”時，相當(dāng)于relyon；意為“取決于”時，相當(dāng)于bedecidedby。Youcandependonher，becauseshealwayskeepsherpromises.你可以信賴她,因為她一向都是信守諾言的。Howmuchitcostsdependsonhowmuchyoubuy.價錢取決于你買多少。,【應(yīng)用】(1)()Thelittleboyalwaysdependsonhismother.(選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A.reliesonB.isdecidedbyC.believesin(2)Indiagained_(depend)fromBritainin1947.(3)Allis_(depend)onyourdecision.,A,independence,dependent,【6】operatev.tocontroltheworkingofsomething,makesomethingwork操作，控制；cutopenapatientsbodyinordertoremove,replace,orrepairadiseasedordamagedpart做手術(shù)Couldyoutellmehowtooperatethismachine?你可以告訴我怎樣操作這部機器嗎？Thedoctoroperatedonhisarmlastweek.醫(yī)生上周給他的手臂做了手術(shù)。【同根詞】operationn.操作；手術(shù)Theoperationofthismachineissimple.這臺機器的操作很簡單。,【拓展】operateonsb.給某人做手術(shù)Whodidyouoperateonlastnight?你昨晚為誰做過手術(shù)?【應(yīng)用】(1)Youneedagoodrestafterthe_(operate).(2)()Thedoctorsdecidedtooperateherimmediately.A.onB.withC.about,operation,A,【7】pricen.theamountofmoneyneededtopurchasesomething價格Thepriceofthehouseisveryhigh.這房子的價格很高?！就卣埂?1)atthepriceof以的價格Sheboughtthenewdressatthepriceof10dollars.她以10美元的價格買了這條新裙子。(2)ataprice以相當(dāng)高的價格；付出很大的代價Ticketsarestillavailable,butataprice.門票依然有售，只是票價很高。(3)Whatsthepriceofsth.?=Howmuchissth.?=Howmuchdoessth.cost?某物的價格是多少？,【應(yīng)用】(1)()Haveyouagreedtosellhimthegoods_suchaprice?A.inB.forC.at(2)Whatsthepriceofthemobilephone?(改為同義句)_,C,Howmuchisthemobilephone?/Howmuchdoesthemobilephonecost?,【8】sellv.exchangeordeliversomethingformoneyoritsequivalent出售；售賣sell的過去式和過去分式分別為sold,sold。Whatdoestheshopsell?這家商店出售什么？【同根詞】salen.銷售額onsale打折forsale出售Thesegoodsareentirelyunfitforsale.這些貨物完全不宜銷售。,【拓展】sell既可以作及物動詞，也可以作不及物動詞。意為“賣得好”時，作不及物動詞，用sellwell表示；意為“賣光了”時，作及物動詞，用sth.besoldout表示。Thekindoforangessellswell.Theyhavebeensoldout.這種橙賣得很好,已經(jīng)全部賣光了?！緫?yīng)用】()Sorry,theshirtsinyoursizehave_.A.soldoutB.soldupC.beensoldout,C,【9】popularadj.beenjoyedorlikedbymanypeople受喜愛的；受歡迎的Herkindnessmadeherpopular.她的友善使她備受歡迎。【同根詞】popularityn.普及;流行;名氣Hegainedpopularityamonghisstudents.他贏得了學(xué)生們的喜愛。,【拓展】bepopularwith/among受的歡迎Mostpeoplewouldliketobepopularwith/amongothers.大部分的人都想受到他的人歡迎。【應(yīng)用】(1)()Applesproductsarepopularyoungpeople.A.inB.withC.for(2)Herbookshavegrownin_(popular)recently.,B,popularity,【10】(be)unawareof=doesntknow,doesntrealize沒意識到；未察覺Hewasunawareofmypresence.=HewasunawarethatIwaspresent.他不知道我在場。【拓展】beawareof意識到；察覺Areyouawareofthetime?=Doyouknowthetime?你知道是什么時候了嗎?【應(yīng)用】()Heisunawareoftheimportanceofstudy.(選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A.knowsB.doesntrealizeC.paysattentionto,B,【11】inaddition=besides=whatsmore除以外（還）Imetsomefriendsandotherpeopleinaddition.我遇到了幾位朋友，還遇到了其他人?！就卣埂?1)inaddition=besides=whatsmore此外；而且Inaddition,youcanshareyourfileswithothers.=Besides,youcanshareyourfileswithothers.=Whatsmore,youcanshareyourfileswithothers.此外，你還可以和其他人共享你的文件。(2)inadditionto意為“除了之外”，后接名詞或動名詞。Inadditiontogivingmesomeadvice,hegavemesomemoney.他不僅給我提了一些忠告，還給了我一些錢。,(3)A+inadditionto+B作主語時，謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與A保持一致。Theprofessorinadditiontohisassistantsisgoingtoattendthemeetingthisweekend.這個周末教授和他的助手們將參加會議。【應(yīng)用】(1)()Wesawacartooninadditiontoafilm.(選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A.exceptB.butC.besides(2)()Inaddition,weshouldplantmoretreestoprotecttheenvironment.(選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A.BesideB.MoreorlessC.Whatsmore,C,C,【12】lookforwardto=expect=livefor（后接名詞或動名詞）盼望；期待IamlookingforwardtothetriptoAmerica.我正期待著這次美國之行?！緫?yīng)用】Ilookforwardto_(meet)youattheairport.,meeting,【13】bebetterthan.at.比更擅長begoodat意為“擅長”，bebetterthan.at.意為“比更擅長”，at后面接名詞或動名詞。Heisbetterthanmeatswimming.游泳方面他比我更擅長?！就卣埂縝egoodat的近義詞組為dowellin,bebetterat的近義詞組則為dobetterin。Doyoubelievethatonlyboysdowellinscience?您認(rèn)為只有男孩才能在科學(xué)上有所建樹嗎？【應(yīng)用】（）Areyougoodat?No,Imgoodat.A.write;chessB.writing;chessC.writing;sing,B,語法梳理,語法精講,有關(guān)形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級的用法1.形容詞和副詞的三級用法（1）原級:as+形容詞或副詞的原級+as，意為“和一樣”;否定用notas/so.as。Theroomisasbigasmine.這個房間和我的（房間）一樣大。Hedoesntrunas/sofastasme.他沒有我跑得快。（2）比較級比較級的明顯標(biāo)志有than,AorB等。Heisyoungerthanme.他比我年輕。Whoistaller,yourfatheroryouruncle?你爸爸和你叔叔誰更高?,abit,alittle,much,far,many,alot,agreatdeal,any,even等詞可以用來修飾比較級。Hedidmuchbetterthanhisbrother.他比他的兄弟做得好得多。Mikeistall,andMarkiseventallerthanhim.邁克很高，而馬克甚至比他更高。比較級+比較級,意為“越來越”。Hisfamilybecomesricherandricher.他家變得越來越富有。Thegardenismoreandmorebeautiful.這個花園越來越漂亮了。“the+比較級+主語+謂語,the+比較級+主語+謂語”意為“越，越”。Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.你錢賺得越多,就花得越多。,（3）最高級最高級的明顯標(biāo)志有ofthethree(four,five.),ofall,intheclass（family,country）,A,BorC等。形容詞的最高級前面通常要加定冠詞the，而副詞可以不加the。Iamthethinnestofthethree.我是三個人中最瘦的。Whoistheyoungest,you,heorshe?你,他和她中,誰最小?“oneof+the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“最的之一”。Jackisoneofthebeststudentsinourclass.杰克是我們班最好的學(xué)生之一?！皌he+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級”表示在某個范圍內(nèi)的第幾位。TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黃河是中國第二長河。,2.形容詞和副詞比較級、最高級的形式變化（1）規(guī)則變化：單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞,在詞尾加-er或-est。大部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,在其前面加more或most。（2）一些常見的形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的不規(guī)則變化：good/wellbetter(the)bestbad/illworse(the)worstmany/muchmore(the)mostlittleless(the)leastoldolder/elder(the)oldest/eldestfarfarther/further(the)farthest/furthest,3.形容詞和副詞等級間的互相轉(zhuǎn)換（1）比較級換成原級Thisstoryismoreinterestingthanthatone.Thatstoryisnotas/sointerestingasthisone.這個故事比那個故事更有趣。（2）最高級換成比較級Herunsfastestinourclass.Herunsfasterthananyotherstudentinourclass.Herunsfasterthantheotherstudentsinourclass.他在我們班跑得最快。,（3）表示倍數(shù)的用法Theroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.Theroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.Theroomistwicelargerthanthatone.這間房是那間房的三倍大。4.形容詞和副詞的比較級用法的誤區(qū)（1）比較對象非同類。錯誤：Yourclassroomissmallerthanus.正確：Yourclassroomissmallerthanours.(ours=ourclassroom)你們的教室比我們的大。,（2）比較對象相包含。錯誤：ChinaislargerthananycountryinAsia.正確：ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.中國比亞洲任何(其他)一個國家都大。（3）比較級前一般不能用定冠詞the,但如果比較級后面有名詞則要用the。Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?=Whichcountryislarger,CanadaorAustralia?加拿大和澳大利亞哪個國家大?Jennyistheclevererofthetwogirls.=Jennyisthecleverergirlofthetwo.珍妮是兩位女孩中更聰明的一位。,直擊中考,()1.Myteachersoftenencourageme_morefriendsbutIfinditdifficult.Yourteachersideaisright.Themorefriendsyoumake,_youwillbe.(2014達(dá)州)A.tomake;themorehappyB.tomake;happierC.making;thehappierD.tomake;thehappier,D,()2.Lucyisa(n)_student,sheanswerstheteachersquestionsinherclass.(2014陜西)A.moreactive;moreactivelyB.active;moreactivelyC.moreac