通過分析電影An Inspector Calls學習如何寫好記敘文.docx

通過分析電影An Inspector Calls學習如何寫記敘文教學課題：通過分析電影An Inspector Calls學習如何寫好記敘文。教學目標：通過分析電影，更加直接地認識記敘文，學習怎樣寫記敘文。教學內(nèi)容：1. Plot2. Theme3. Major characters4. Point of view5. Scene6. Structure 7. SummaryIntroduction about the filmAn Inspector Callsis a suspenseful film adapted from EnglishdramatistJ. B. Priestleys 1945 play of the same name, but the film is set in 1912. It is one of Priestleys best known works for the stage, and is considered to be one of the classics of mid-20th century English theatre. It was directed by Aisling Walsh. The film tells that a mysterious inspector interrogates a wealthy English family about their responsibility for the death of a young working class factory girl.About the authorJohn Boynton Priestley (18941984), was an England writer, commenter and dramatist. He was an “allround writer”, which means he wrote all different sorts of literature.BackgroundThe background of An Inspector Calls is set in 1912. And there were strong distinctions between the upper and lower classes in England. Women were subservient to men. All that a welloff women could do was get married while a poor woman was seen as cheap labour. The ruling classes think there is no need to change the status quo.1. PlotClue: Evas death以伊娃的死為線索。BeginningIn 1912 industrialist Arthur Birling, his wife Sybil and young son Eric are celebrating the engagement of daughter Sheila to Gerald Croft when they are visited by the unexpected arrival of “Inspector Goole”. He tells them of the death of a young woman named Eva Smith.DevelopmentThrough the investigation of Inspector Goole, they each have secrets linking them to the Evas death. And then the Inspector leaves.Climax+EndingThe family rings the hospital and there is no record of a girl dying from drinking disinfectant. Suddenly the phone rings, the phone call reveals that a young woman has just died and the police are on their way to question them about it.2. ThemeSocial responsibilityIn the film, each member of the family share the responsibility of Evas death，the inspector:“Each of you helped to kill her.” They do or dont take responsibility for their behavior, and the inspectors lesson.這部電影主要講述的是探長調(diào)查一個工人階級的年輕女孩的死亡，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個富有的英國家庭應(yīng)對這個女孩的死負責任。e.g. The Inspector: One Eva Smith has gone but there are millions and millions of Eva Smiths and John Smiths still left with us, with their lives, their hopes and fears, their suffering and chance of happiness, all intertwined with our lives, and what we think and say and do.分析：這位探長說一個伊娃史密斯死了，還有成千上萬個伊娃史密斯或約翰史密斯活在這個世界上，他們的生活都與我們交織在一起；我們必須對自己的一言一行所負責。在電影中指的是柏林一家人必須為伊娃的死負責任。Class conflictClass issues are dealt with by having a middleclass family involved in the death of a working-class girl. And there was inequality between the classesstill existed and that the upper-classes looked down upon the working-classin 1912 of England柏靈一家是當時整個資產(chǎn)階級的縮影，而伊娃是當時工人階級的縮影。柏靈一家對伊娃的傷害，最終致使她的死亡。這表現(xiàn)出資產(chǎn)階級對工人階級的壓迫與剝削，還有階級之間的不平等。e.g. Eva: He started giving me money, but then I realized he was stealing it. I told him not to any more. I dont want him to get into troubleMrs. Birling: Thats enough. Given your present state, I find it hard to believe in your extraordinary scruples. Eva: Theyre not extraordinary. I meanI was raised to do my best by peopleMrs. Birling: that the two of young marryEva: We cant marry. Hewe are not of the sameclass. It wouldnt work分析：伊娃不接受艾瑞克偷來的錢。這讓柏靈夫人感到匪夷所思，認為像伊娃這種工人階級的女孩是不可能這樣做的。這屬于一種階級偏見。并且接下來伊娃被問到她可以和艾瑞克結(jié)婚時，伊娃的回答是：我們兩個屬于不同的階級，是不能在一起的。由此我們可以看出階級之間是非常不平等的，并且階級意識已經(jīng)深入人心。3. Major charactersInspector Goole(Goole=God) isnt a “real” person. He knows everything. The Birlings question whether he is actually a real inspector, and a phone call made by Gerald to the local police station reveals that there is no Inspector Goole in the local police force.分析：在劇情反轉(zhuǎn)的時候，警察局告知亞瑟沒有古爾這個探長。并且在電影中有幾個鏡頭說明了古爾是不存在的。第一古爾德離開比爾林家后來到一個巷道，抬頭望向伊娃居住的地方的窗口，然而伊娃寫完日記，站起身，拿著日記走向窗口往下看，巷道上沒有人。第二伊娃死前的那一刻，她看到了護士背后的古爾探長，然而周圍的醫(yī)生并沒有看到探長。Arthur BirlingHes a prosperous factory owner (businessman), and he is extremelyselfish and greed. His first priority is to make money and get power! He strongly believes that “a man has to make his own way”. e.g. Mr. Birling: the way these cranks talk now, youd think everybody has to look after everybody else, and were all mixed up together, like bees in a hive. “Community”! If I hear that the word one more time a man must look after his own affairs, and then everything else just分析：從亞瑟的言談之中，我們可以看出他是一個極度自私的人。他認為“團體”是胡說八道；我們都生活在一起，像蜂窩里的蜜蜂這種說法更是奇怪；并且，在他看來一個人只要做好自己的事情就好。e.g. “.we can look forward to a time when Birling and company and Crofts Limited are no longer competing, but working as onelower costs and higher prices.”分析： 很明顯亞瑟是一個唯利是圖的人，并且他是一個資本家。事實上他認為他女兒的訂婚會為他帶來更多的利益，從這我們可以看出他是一個多么貪婪的人。同時，他不考慮價格上漲可能給窮人帶來的影響，他只想得到更多的錢。Sybil BirlingMrs. Birling is Arthur Birlings wife. She wants to stick to the rules, concerned about manners (tells what the others shall do or not). Shes very selfish, coldhearted and snobbish. e.g. Mr. Birling: an altogether excellent dinner, you must tell cook from me, Sybil.Mrs. Birling: And youre not supposed to say such things in front of guests.分析：她是一個勢利眼。她非常清楚社會階層之間的差異，她非常生氣亞瑟在杰拉德面前稱贊廚師，她認為這是一種失態(tài)。并且她很注重禮節(jié)，直接告訴了亞瑟在高貴的客人面前不能說這樣的話。e.g. Inspector: You still dont feel sorry for what you did, Mrs. Birling?Mrs. Birling: No, I do not. Im sorry she died, naturally, but I dont accept any blame for it at all.Inspector: Who is to blame, then?Mrs. Birling:and secondly, the young man who got her into trouble.some drunken young idler, then all the more reason why he shouldnt escape! He should be made an example of.分析：她的冷漠和自私使她竭力否認自己過錯，她認為自己拒絕幫助伊娃的這個事實并不會導致伊娃的自殺，同時她把致使伊娃自殺的責任推到了那個令伊娃懷孕的男人身上，殊不知那個男人正是她的兒子。這個事實讓她自食其果，害人終害己。SheilaShe is nice, honest, and responsible: she likes to change herself and feels sorry for what she had done. e.g. Sheila: Im sorry. Im so sorryI was sorry even as I did it. II dont know why I did it.Inspector: You did it because you were jealous of her.Sheila: Yes. That was part of it. Yes. She wasso pretty. She seemed so sure of herself. IdId never do it again. Not to anyone. 分析：當希拉得知自己就是那個投訴伊娃并且導致她被開除的顧客，更是導致伊娃最終死亡的罪魁禍首之一。希拉感到非常的后悔，認為自己應(yīng)該對伊娃的死負責任；同時也說自己再也不會做同樣的事了；從此出我們可以看出希拉是一個善良的人。當探長問道希拉：你是因為嫉妒伊娃的美貌才向經(jīng)理投訴她的，對此，希拉雖然遲疑了一下，但是也誠實的肯定了自己是因為嫉妒她的美貌。Gerald CroftIs goodlooking, rich man! Hes engaged to Sheila. He is a capitalist and egoist (just interested in money and profit). He seems to agree completely with Mr. Birling, quite the same attitude of the worker.e.g. Gerald: You cant have people like that in the work force. And thats the bottom line.Mr. Birling: I pay people the going rate. And if people dont like it, theyre free to leave and go elsewhere. If you dont come down hard on some of these people, theyll soon be asking for the earth.Gerald: Thats right.分析：對于亞瑟開除了舉行罷工的伊娃這種行為，杰拉德表示贊同，他認為這種工人不能留在工廠中，這是他的底線?？梢娊芾率且粋€自私自利、唯利是圖的人。e.g. “We all need to come to terms with whats happened. The police will be back. Theyll want statements.”分析：在探長離開后，杰拉德想到的是串口供，以免受到法律的懲罰。他只想到了他自己，沒有為自己犯下的罪進行懺悔。4. Point of viewThe film main used the objective point of view(客觀視角), but in the ending, the film used the omniscient point of view（全知視角）.這部電影主要采用客觀視角。將探長調(diào)查伊娃之死的過程直接呈現(xiàn)在我們，使觀眾全方位地了解故事的發(fā)展。在結(jié)尾處采用了全知視角。當柏靈一家得知探長是假的并且今天下午沒有女孩自殺身亡后，他們開始狂歡；與此同時，我們可以從電影中得知，伊娃正在進行自殺，接下來將會有一個探長去他們家進行調(diào)查。這一點采用全知視角可以將柏靈一家的狂歡與伊娃的死對比起來，顯示出來強烈的對比和諷刺。采用客觀視角和全知視角可以直接客觀地展現(xiàn)兩種不同的場景，不受時間和空間的限制，反應(yīng)現(xiàn)實比較靈活。5. SceneTheScene is very important in the film. The scene at the beginning of the film, the audience can have the immediate impression of a“heavily comfortable house” and “l(fā)ittle dim house”. 在電影中，為了加強了對比