外文翻譯--轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)技術(shù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀

附 錄 Steering knuckle technology development present situation Auto steering knuckle is key automotive parts, the quality of the security of the fit and unfit quality directly support crew and cargo security. At the same time, the car turned to the festival is very complex, difficult shape forming high parts. Our traditional ways of manufacturing high energy consumption, low material utilization ratio, die life, high cost and low manufacturing production environment is bad, and cant meet the requirements of the development of Chinas automotive high speed. At present, Chinas automotive steering knuckle is in the stage of development, technical level is developed countries also has the disparity. With the high speed development of auto industry, Chinas automobile steering knuckle is gradually towards specialized, advanced. In 2007, Chinas weapon equipment group company self-developed aluminum alloy steering knuckle smooth through the national nonferrous metal and electronic material analysis and test center of the test, can meet the international similar product standard, become our country the first successfully developed the aluminum alloy of steering joint enterprise, fill the product of domestic blank. In 2008, China successfully built a has the Chinese the most advanced technology, minimum investment scale, the lowest manufacturing costs and highest input-output ratio, the shortest investment return cycle of production capacity of 180000 pieces of heavy trucks to section of the automatic production line, the production out external shape in good condition, internal quality, the products consistency of strong, organization performance standards steering knuckle products. Product process characteristics or process Auto steering knuckle processing is divided into blank manufacturing and finished product machine to add. At present, the blank mainly forging is given priority to, also have made by casting the blank, but is less. Blank forging process mainly for PiCha, pull rod, the forging, eventually working procedure such as forging components. Will tell from machining, automobile steering knuckle divided into stem, flange constructed and a fork department etc three parts processing. 1, stem processing to the central hole positioning, car and ground is given priority to, processing key is grinding. 2, flange constructed is mainly brake installing hole processing of processing, to ensure that its position degree, and at the same time should take the processing efficiency. And, using one hole as processing fork department with positioning. 3, fork department is car steering knuckle processing the difficulties in processing, the two side, the machining positioning pin mainly is to guarantee the coaxial tolerance of the caster hole, and king pin hole and end of the vertical degree in, is the whole processing technology investment focus and equipment type selection of the key. Most of the cars in the region and to day the bars for assembly cone hole, which increased the fork of difficulty, cone hole machining processing is a lot of manufacturer is difficult to 100% qualified projects, shall be paid more and more attention, and otherwise, automobile steering knuckle early failure will start from here. 4, the stem strengthen treatment in order to improve the car turned to the section of the fatigue life, for most types of automotive steering knuckle all have the technical requirements, generally for rolling and intermediate frequency quenching, in order to form surface residual stress, improve product fatigue strength. Domestic processing of rolling demand is not high, difficulties in intermediate frequency quenching, mainly is the sensor in the design and manufacture of, but, in this home has professional manufacturers to solve. 5, king pin hole press-printing bushing after processing, some after being not request processing, some after being request processing. From the assembly point, processing after being more advantageous to the assembly, or influence to flexibility. Above is the automobile steering knuckle processing main content, according to the specific vehicle steering section of the different, there will be different degree of change, at the same time, processing equipment choice for the whole the effect of process is bigger, therefore, specific processes shall be according to the production program and selection of equipment to develop. 轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)技術(shù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)是汽車關(guān)鍵的保安零件，其品質(zhì)的優(yōu)劣直接維系著乘員和貨物的安全。同時(shí)，汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)是形狀十分復(fù)雜、成形難度很高的零件。我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的制造方式能耗高、材料利用率低、模具壽命低、制造成本高、生產(chǎn)環(huán)境惡劣，不能滿足我國(guó)汽車高速發(fā)展的要求。目前，我國(guó)汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)正處于發(fā)展階段，技術(shù)水平較發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家還存在差距。 隨著汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的高 速發(fā)展，我國(guó)汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)正逐步邁向?qū)I(yè)化、先進(jìn)化。 2007年，我國(guó)兵器裝備集團(tuán)公司自主研制的鋁合金轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)順利通過(guò)國(guó)家有色金屬及電子材料分析測(cè)試中心的檢測(cè)，性能達(dá)到了國(guó)際同類產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，成為我國(guó)第一家成功研制出鋁合金轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的企業(yè)，填補(bǔ)了該產(chǎn)品的國(guó)產(chǎn)空白。 2008 年，我國(guó)成功建成了一條擁有中國(guó)最先進(jìn)工藝技術(shù)、最小投資規(guī)模、最低制造成本、最高投入產(chǎn)出比、最短投資回報(bào)周期的年產(chǎn) 18 萬(wàn)件重型卡車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的全自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線，生產(chǎn)出外部形狀完好、內(nèi)部品質(zhì)優(yōu)良、產(chǎn)品一致性強(qiáng)、組織性能達(dá)標(biāo)的轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)產(chǎn)品。 產(chǎn)品工藝特點(diǎn)或流程 汽車 轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的加工分為毛坯制造和成品機(jī)加。目前，毛坯主要以鍛件為主，也有采用鑄造毛坯的，但比較少。毛坯的鍛造工藝主要為劈叉、拔桿、預(yù)鍛、終鍛等工序組成。 從機(jī)加工藝來(lái)講，汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)分為桿部、法蘭盤和叉部等 3 個(gè)部分加工。 1、桿部加工以中心孔定位，車和磨為主，加工關(guān)鍵是磨削。 2、法蘭盤加工主要是制動(dòng)器安裝孔的加工，要保證其位置度，同時(shí)要兼顧加工效率。并且，利用其中1 孔作為加工叉部定位用。 3、叉部加工是汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)加工的難點(diǎn)，采用兩銷一面定位，其加工主要是保證主銷孔的同軸度，以及主銷孔與內(nèi)端面的垂直度，是整個(gè)加工工藝 的投資重點(diǎn)和設(shè)備選型的關(guān)鍵。大部分汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)在此部位還有橫拉桿裝配用的錐孔，這更增加了叉部加工難度，錐孔加工是許多廠家難以 100%合格的項(xiàng)目，應(yīng)予重視，否則，汽車轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的早期失效就從這里開始。 4、桿部的強(qiáng)化處理以