高考核心考點(diǎn)-倒裝句教學(xué)案.doc

高考核心考點(diǎn) 倒裝句六大考試熱點(diǎn):（1）含有否定意義的副詞放在句首引起的部分倒裝（2）含有否定意義的連接詞置于句首引起的部分倒裝（3） “so（nor, neither）+助動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)”與“so（nor, neither）+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞”之間的區(qū)別以及與“ so + 主語(yǔ)+ 助動(dòng)詞”的句式區(qū)別（4）省略if的虛擬條件句以had / were / should開(kāi)頭引起的部分倒裝（5）not until置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒裝（6）only短語(yǔ)置于句首引起的部分倒裝助記口訣：完全倒裝：There be 在這里，up 直引主分地。部分倒裝：否定虛擬只well,如此以致也not until。重要考點(diǎn)： 完全倒裝：（此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)）1、在 “there be” 結(jié)構(gòu)里，there是引導(dǎo)詞，主語(yǔ)在be后。 e.g. There is a box on the table.2、在here, there,now等副詞開(kāi)頭的某些句子里（要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）。如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞，主語(yǔ)和主要?jiǎng)釉~的詞序不變。 e.g. There goes the bell. Here is an apple for you. There she comes. 另外副詞then雖然不是表示地點(diǎn)的詞，但是它在句首時(shí)也屬于這種全部倒裝的情況，then引起謂語(yǔ)為 come, follow的句子Then came a new difficulty. 然后產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)新的困難。3、為了表達(dá)生動(dòng)，有時(shí)把表地點(diǎn)、方位的副詞，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同時(shí)把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(如：go,come, run, lie, be等)放在主語(yǔ)之前。若主語(yǔ)為人稱(chēng)代詞，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的位置不變，只將副詞放在句首。 e.g. Away hurried the boy.Out rushed the girl.4、直接引語(yǔ)的全部或一部分放在句首時(shí)，主句中的主謂也常直接倒裝。e.g. “Very well,” said the French student.但：若主語(yǔ)為人稱(chēng)代詞，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的位置不變。e.g.“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” he said.5、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，謂語(yǔ)很短時(shí)，為了使句子平衡把某一成分放在句首，主謂全部倒裝。 Gone are my friends from the cotton fields away. Present at the conference were General Manager, Vice-general Managers and 215directors.6、分詞(代詞such) + be + 主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。 Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. Such was the story he told me. done做形容詞在句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí)，常把表語(yǔ)放在句首，要用倒裝句式。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.7、表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ) (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首時(shí)且主語(yǔ)名詞時(shí),要全部倒裝。 On the top of the hill stands a pine tree. In front of the classroom is a playground.8、表語(yǔ)放在句首，表語(yǔ)常為形容詞，分詞，副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)。要求主語(yǔ)比較長(zhǎng)，也就是說(shuō)主語(yǔ)不能是很短的人稱(chēng)代詞。句式為：表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)（必須是名詞） Every important in the farms life is the radio weather report. Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon. Seriously damaged in the earthquake was the white building in the city. Playing the guitar on the playground are the students from class five and class three. On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers. South of city are two big lakes. Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.接著是八年抗戰(zhàn)。. 部分倒裝：9、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom,by no means, in no time,in no way,in no case,at no time,not unit,no sooner, rarely,few not,scarcely等否定副詞開(kāi)頭的句子中，采用部分倒裝。如不放在句首就不要倒裝。e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. Not a word did he say at the last meeting.在上次會(huì)議上他一句話(huà)都沒(méi)說(shuō)。 比較：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.以No wonder開(kāi)始的句子不用倒裝。 No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. 難怪他不餓，他整天在吃糖。hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常語(yǔ)序 had hardly done when did 或用倒裝句式Hardly had + 主語(yǔ)+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。（前倒后不倒）The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.not only but also 如連接兩個(gè)成分時(shí)，不用倒裝；連接句子時(shí)， 前面的句子要用倒裝（前倒后不倒）。Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do.Not only does he speak English very well, but also he speaks French well.注意：只有當(dāng)Not only but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，才在第一個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的Not only but also僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語(yǔ)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.若hardly, scarcely后接any, ever, at all時(shí)，意義類(lèi)似almost no/ not/ never（幾乎不、從不），則無(wú)須倒裝。 Hardly any people having been invited went there.Not until放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝(前不倒后倒)。Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (簡(jiǎn)單句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time.（復(fù)合句)10、在虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)含有were, had 和should這三個(gè)詞是，可省去if，將這些詞移至主語(yǔ)之前。 e.g. Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad.Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.11、用于以only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句的句子中。 e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.Only in this way can we learn English well. 注意：如果only后的詞組不是狀語(yǔ)，不需倒裝。 e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. Only three of them I saw in the classroom.如果句子為主從復(fù)合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝(前不倒后倒) Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.12、在以always, often, well, now and againl,thus,many a time(許多次，時(shí)常)等表示方式，頻度的狀語(yǔ)放在句首，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 e.g. Often did Uncle Thomas come to my home in the past. Well do I remember your birthday. Many a time did the boy go swimming alone.Always did the soldier go to help the villagers.13、“so/suchthat”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果so或such及其修飾部分放在句首，句子需要倒裝，目的是為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。（前倒后不倒） e.g. So much does the mother worry about her missing son that she cant sleep at night. Such was the flood that a large number of people became homeless.So + 形容詞、副詞及such 置于句首時(shí)要倒裝。So happy did he feel.Such was me.(我就是這樣。)14、重復(fù)倒裝句型，用在以so, nor, neither開(kāi)頭，表示謂語(yǔ)所述的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一樣”、“也這樣”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示“同樣也不，也不這樣”。e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.My parents didnt watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.注：當(dāng)前面有二個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，既有肯定又有否定或既有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又有系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用So it is/was (the same) with sb.e.g. (1) -I like football.I dont like volleyball. -So it is with me. (2) -He is American and he cant speak Chisese. -So it with his wife.部分提前主謂不倒裝1. 由as, however (no matter how), though和be 引起的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句主謂不倒裝,只須把形容詞, 副詞,分詞, 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前提到as前,且單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提到主語(yǔ)前時(shí)不帶冠詞。as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前 （形容詞, 副詞, 分詞, 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。注意： 1) 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。 2) 句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, 其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ), 隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.Tired as he was, he kept on running. Try as I might, I couldnt lift the box.Child as he was, he could work out the problem. However hard I try, I cant understand the question.Close though the union of small particles is, we have found ways of breaking them.Be the rain ever so heavy, I will go there now.Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠詞）Hard as he worded, he made little progress._C_, hes honest. A. As he is poor B. Poor is he C. Poor as he is D. Poor as is he2. 表示祝愿的句子中的May倒裝 e.g. May our country become prosperous and strong! May you succeed!Long live the Peoples Republic of China!二、03-08年高考真題1.（2003廣東卷，英語(yǔ)，32） The old couple married for 40 years and never once_ with each other. A. they had quarreled. B. they have quarreledC. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled. 【解析】句意：這位老夫妻結(jié)婚40年了，他們從來(lái)沒(méi)吵過(guò)一次架?？疾閚ever表否定時(shí)，位于句首,引起部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。【答案】C2.（2003上海卷，英語(yǔ)，38）Only when your identity has been checked , .Ayou are allowed in Byou will be allowed in Cwill you allow in Dwill you be allowed in 【解析】句意：只有你的身份被核實(shí)后，你才會(huì)被允許進(jìn)入?？疾镺nly+when從句放在句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝。【答案】D3.（2004重慶卷，英語(yǔ)，34）I failed in the examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mAI realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize 【解析】句意：上學(xué)期期末考試我沒(méi)考及格，只在那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。Only修飾狀語(yǔ)then位于句首時(shí)需使用部分倒裝，本句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去式?！敬鸢浮緿4.（2004遼寧卷，英語(yǔ)，26）Maybe you have been to many countries , but nowhere else _such a beautiful palace.A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find 【解析】句意：也許你去過(guò)很多國(guó)家，但在任何別的其他地方你都不會(huì)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么美麗的地方。否定副詞nowhere位于句首時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)部分應(yīng)使用部分倒裝?！敬鸢浮緼5.（2005全國(guó)II，英語(yǔ)，16）Mary never does any reading in the evening ,_.A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesnt too D. nor does John【解析】句意：瑪麗從來(lái)不在晚上進(jìn)行閱讀，約翰也不。本題考查倒裝，當(dāng)表示一種否定情況也適于另一人或物時(shí)，通常使用neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+另一人/物?！敬鸢浮緿6.（2005重慶卷，英語(yǔ)，27）_, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student【解析】句意：盡管他可能是個(gè)沉默寡言的學(xué)生，但課下談?wù)撓矏?ài)的歌手時(shí)，他話(huà)很多。本題考查as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝用法，這里的as 相當(dāng)于though意思是“雖然、盡管”，從句中常使用倒裝語(yǔ)序，常把表語(yǔ)成分提到as前面，但應(yīng)注意被提前的名詞前不用冠詞a/an,the.【答案】Bw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m7.（2006重慶卷，英語(yǔ)，24）I have tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _with my progress.A. the teacher isnt satisfiedB .is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied【解析】句意：我已經(jīng)非常努力來(lái)提高我的英語(yǔ)水平，但老師對(duì)我的進(jìn)步一點(diǎn)也不滿(mǎn)意。此題的關(guān)鍵詞組是by no means ，當(dāng)否定的副詞或詞組位于句首時(shí)，句子需要部分倒裝。類(lèi)似的還有l(wèi)ittle, nor, hardly, scarcely ,no sooner等?！敬鸢浮緿8.（2006廣東卷，英語(yǔ)，33）So difficult _it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found【解析】句意：發(fā)現(xiàn)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題如此困難，所以我答應(yīng)向湯姆咨詢(xún)一下。So位于句首，應(yīng)使用部分倒裝。另外本句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緽9.（2006四川卷，英語(yǔ)，28） At the foot of the mountain_.A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village 【解析】句意：山腳下有一處村落。在英語(yǔ)中介詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或副詞作狀語(yǔ)位于句首且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)使用完全倒裝。注意：若主語(yǔ)是代詞，則不倒裝。【答案】B10.（2007全國(guó)II，英語(yǔ)，11） If Joes wife wont go to the party ,_.A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will【解析】句意：如果喬的妻子不愿參加這次聚會(huì)，喬也不去了。本題考查倒裝，當(dāng)表示一種否定情況也適于另一人或物時(shí)，通常使用neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+另一人/物。【答案】B11.（2007上海卷，英語(yǔ)，31）-How was the televised debate last night?-Super! Rarely _ so much media attention.A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attracted C. a debate attracted D. attracted a debatew.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m【解析】句意：-昨晚電視播發(fā)的辯論會(huì)怎么樣？ 很棒！很少有一場(chǎng)辯論會(huì)引起這么多媒體的關(guān)注。否定詞或半否定詞位于句首時(shí)，句子使用部分倒裝。【答案】B12.（2007江蘇卷，英語(yǔ)，31）-My room gets very cold at night. -_.A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does【解析】句意：-我的房間晚上很冷。-我的也是。So引導(dǎo)的倒裝句表后者與前者相同，用部分倒裝。其句中的助動(dòng)詞的選擇應(yīng)和原句保持一致，此句中句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為get所以應(yīng)使用do 的相應(yīng)形式?！敬鸢浮緾13.（2007安徽卷，英語(yǔ)，22） Little _that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.A. he realized B. he didnt realize C. didnt realize D. did he realize 【解析】句意：他沒(méi)意識(shí)到他的每一個(gè)動(dòng)作都在我們的觀(guān)察之中，所以這件事他好像自行其是。否定詞或半否定詞放在句首，要用部分倒裝?！敬鸢浮緿14.（2007陜西卷，英語(yǔ)，10）_ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.A. So successful her business wasB. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successfulD. So was her successful business【解析】句意：瑪麗的生意如此成功，以至于她在別的地方建立了新的分店。So后有形容詞或副詞且位于句首時(shí)，應(yīng)使用部分倒裝形式。【答案】B15.（2007遼寧卷，英語(yǔ)，23）I have been living in the United States for twenty years ,but seldom _ so lonely as now.A. have I felt B. I had felt C. I have felt D. had I felt 【解析】句意：我在美國(guó)已經(jīng)住了20年了，但很少像現(xiàn)在這樣孤獨(dú)。由seldom 可知需要使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)我們不難判斷應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緼16.（2008江蘇卷,英語(yǔ)，32）_ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will【解析】句意：只有正確飲食，你才能保持身體健康。從句意可知unless不符合題意。D項(xiàng)應(yīng)在will后加not。Only if 表?xiàng)l件且位于句首，應(yīng)用部分倒裝。【答案】A17.（2008江西卷，英語(yǔ)，31）It was announced that only when the fire was under control _ to return to t