變壓器學(xué)習(xí)筆記.doc

目錄銅線 003膠帶 011BOBBIN 013 CORE017TEFLON套管 035安規(guī)要求 036ROHS知識 040變壓器經(jīng)驗公式 044分貝解說 049電磁基本定律 052漆包銅線公制漆包線規(guī)格(JIS 0,1,2,3)導(dǎo)體導(dǎo)線0種1種最大2種3種最大重 量導(dǎo)體直徑截面積最大最小最大導(dǎo)體電阻最小最大最小最大導(dǎo)體電阻直徑完成外徑皮膜厚完成外徑/ km皮膜厚完成外徑皮膜厚完成外徑/ kmkg / km(mm)(mm2 )(mm)(mm)(mm)( 20 )(mm)(mm)(mm)(mm)( 20 )(mm)0.040.00130.030.0560.0020.052156700.011530.040.050.00200.040.0690.0030.064102400.017450.050.060.00280.040.0810.0030.07569660.025950.060.070.00380.040.0910.0030.08549900.03500.070.080.00500.050.1030.0030.09737780.04600.080.090.00640.050.1130.0030.10729590.05800.090.100.00790.1560.0090.14026470.050.1250.0030.11823810.06980.100.110.00950.1660.0090.15021530.050.1350.0030.12819570.08700.110.120.01130.1800.0100.16217860.060.1470.0040.13916360.10060.120.130.01330.1900.0100.17215050.060.1570.0040.14913890.130.140.01540.2000.0100.18212860.060.1670.0040.15911930.13680.140.150.01770.2100.0100.19211110.060.1770.0040.16910370.150.160.02010.2220.0110.204969.50.070.1890.0050.181908.80.17880.160.170.02270.2320.0110.214853.50.070.1990.0050.191803.20.170.180.02540.2460.0120.226757.20.080.2110.0050.2027150.22630.180.190.02840.2560.0120.236676.20.080.2210.0050.212640.60.190.200.03140.2660.0120.246607.60.080.2310.0050.222577.20.27930.200.210.03460.2760.0120.256549.00.080.2410.0050.232522.80.210.220.03800.2860.0120.266498.40.080.2520.0050.243480.10.220.230.04150.2980.013.0.278454.50.090.2640.0060.255438.60.36940.230.240.04520.3080.0130.288416.20.090.2740.0060.265402.20.240.250.04910.3180.0130.298382.50.090.2840.0060.275370.20.250.260.05310.3300.0130.310358.40.090.2940.0060.285341.80.47200.260.270.05730.3400.0130.320331.40.090.3040.0060.295316.60.270.280.06160.3500.0130.330307.30.090.3140.0060.305294.10.280.290.06610.3600.0130.340285.70.090.3240.0060.315273.90.58720.290.300.07070.3740.0140.352262.90.010.3370.0070.3272540.64350.300.320.08040.3940.0140.372230.00.010.3570.0070.347222.80.71940.320.350.09620.4240.0140.402191.20.010.3870.0070.377185.70.85530.350.370.10750.4460.0140.424170.60.010.4070.0070.397165.90.370.400.12570.4800.0150.456145.30.0110.4390.0070.429141.71.11800.400.450.15900.5320.0160.508114.20.0110.490.0070.479112.11.41400.450.500.19630.5860.0170.56091.430.0120.5420.0080.53189.951.74500.500.550.23760.6460.0170.62078.150.0120.5920.0080.58174.182.11200.550.600.28270.6980.0170.67265.260.0120.6440.0080.63262.642.51300.600.650.33180.7520.0180.72455.310.0120.69453.262.95000.650.700.38480.8040.0190.77647.470.0130.74645.843.42100.700.750.44180.8600.0200.83041.190.0140.79839.87 0.750.800.50270.9140.0210.88236.080.0150.85235.174.46900.800.850.56750.9660.0220.93431.870.0150.90431.110.850.900.63621.0200.0230.98628.350.0160.95627.715.65600.900.950.70881.0720.0241.03825.380.0171.00824.840.951.000.78541.1380.0251.10223.330.0171.06222.496.98201.001.100.95031.2420.0261.20419.171.101.201.13101.3420.0261.30416.0410.06001.201.301.32731.4480.0271.40813.611.301.401.53941.5480.0271.50811.7013.68001.401.501.76711.6540.0281.61210.161.501.602.01061.7540.0281.7128.90617.88001.601.702.26981.8560.0291.8147.7811.701.802.54471.9560.0291.9147.00722.63001.801.902.83532.0620.0302.0186.2781.902.003.14162.1620.0302.1185.65627.93002.002.103.46362.2660.0312.2205.12331.00002.102.203.80132.3680.0322.3224.6622.202.304.15482.4600.0322.4224.26036.94002.302.404.52392.5740.0332.5623.9082.402.504.90872.6780.0342.6823.5982.502.605.30932.7780.0342.7283.32447.29002.602.705.72562.8780.0342.8283.0792.702.806.15752.9780.0342.9822.8612.802.906.60523.0780.0343.0282.66558.72002.903.007.06863.1780.0343.1282.48964.76003.003.208.04253.3880.0343.3382.19871.49003.20耐溫等級耐溫等級YAEBFHCN溫度()90105120130155180220200JIS制MW-6MW-28MW-80MW-77MW-73MW-35線號對照表C.W.G(中國)S.W.G(英國)A.W.G(美國)線徑最大電阻/Km概重Kg/Km經(jīng)徑截面積s/mm2線號線徑線號線徑d/mm0/1 UEW2/3 UEWd/mm0.020689500.0500.0020480.0406440.05020.025427800.00500.0560.0025470.0508430.05640.030288700.00700.0630.0032460.0610420.06330.040156700.01230.0710.0040450.0711410.07110.050102400.01910.080.0050440.0813400.07870.06069660.02700.090.0063430.0914390.08890.07049900.03640.1000.0080420.1020380.10100.08037780.04750.1120.0100410.1120370.11300.09029590.05970.1250.0120400.1220360.12700.100264723810.07370.1400.0160390.1320350.14300.110215319570.08880.1600.0200380.1520340.16000.120178616360.10570.1800.0250360.1930330.18000.130150513890.12360.2000.0330350.2130320.20200.140128611930.14280.2240.0400340.2340310.22700.150111110370.16350.2500.0500330.2540300.25500.160969.5908.80.18630.2800.0630320.2740290.28600.170853.5803.20.20980.3150.0800300.3150280.32100.180757.2715.00.23550.3550.1000290.3450270.36100.190676.2640.60.26170.4000.1250270.4170260.40500.200607.6577.20.28950.4500.1600260.4570250.45500.210579.0522.80.31860.5000.2000250.5080240.51100.220498.4480.10.34900.5600.2500240.5590230.57300.230454.5438.60.38200.6300.3150230.6100220.64400.240416.2402.20.41540.7100.4000220.7120210.72300.250382.5370.20.45010.8000.5000210.8130200.81200.260358.4341.80.48620.9000.6300200.9140190.91200.270331.4316.60.52371.0000.8000191.0160181.02400.280307.3294.10.56261.1201.0000181.2190171.1500.290285.7273.90.60301.2501.2500171.4220161.29100.300262.9254.00.64601.4001.6000161.6260151.45000.320230.0222.80.7336C.W.G(中國)S.W.G(英國)A.W.G(美國)線徑最大電阻/Km概重Kg/Km經(jīng)徑截面積s/mm2線號線徑線號線徑d/mm0/1 UEW2/3 UEWd/mm0.020689500.0500.0020480.0406440.05020.025427800.00500.0560.0025470.0508430.05640.030288700.00700.0630.0032460.0610420.06330.040156700.01230.0710.0040450.0711410.07110.050102400.01910.080.0050440.0813400.07870.06069660.02700.090.0063430.0914390.08890.07049900.03640.1000.0080420.1020380.10100.08037780.04750.1120.0100410.1120370.11300.09029590.05970.1250.0120400.1220360.12700.100264723810.07370.1400.0160390.1320350.14300.110215319570.08880.1600.0200380.1520340.16000.120178616360.10570.1800.0250360.1930330.18000.130150513890.12360.2000.0330350.2130320.20200.140128611930.14280.2240.0400340.2340310.22700.150111110370.16350.2500.0500330.2540300.25500.160969.5908.80.18630.2800.0630320.2740290.28600.170853.5803.20.20980.3150.0800300.3150280.32100.180757.2715.00.23550.3550.1000290.3450270.36100.190676.2640.60.26170.4000.1250270.4170260.40500.200607.6577.20.28950.4500.1600260.4570250.45500.210579.0522.80.31860.5000.2000250.5080240.51100.220498.4480.10.34900.5600.2500240.5590230.57300.230454.5438.60.38200.6300.3150230.6100220.64400.240416.2402.20.41540.7100.4000220.7120210.72300.250382.5370.20.45010.8000.5000210.8130200.81200.260358.4341.80.48620.9000.6300200.9140190.91200.270331.4316.60.52371.0000.8000191.0160181.02400.280307.3294.10.56261.1201.0000181.2190171.1500.290285.7273.90.60301.2501.2500171.4220161.29100.300262.9254.00.64601.4001.6000161.6260151.45000.320230.0222.80.7336銅線漆膜厚度ThinMediumThickJIS3210NEMA(美)singleheavytripleIECGrade 1Grade 2Grade 3銅線檢驗標準品名油性樹脂漆包線聚乙烯醇縮甲醛漆包線聚酯瓷漆包線聚胺基甲酸脂漆包線國家標準號 碼CNS3984C3049CNS3986 C3051CNS3986 C3051CNS3986 C3051符 號E WP V FP E W U E W漆膜厚度類 別1種(3.2-0.1mm)漆膜厚者2種(1-0.025mm)漆膜薄者0種(3.2-0.1mm)漆膜特厚者1種(3.2-0.1mm)漆膜厚者2種(1-0.025mm)漆膜薄者0種(3.2-0.1mm)漆膜特厚者1種(3.2-0.1mm)漆膜厚者2種(1-0.05mm)漆膜薄者0種(3.2-0.1mm)漆膜特厚者1種(3.2-0.1mm)漆膜厚者2，3種(1-0.025mm)漆膜薄者針孔試驗截取長度約6公尺之試料1條，浸入試驗液中約5 公尺，導(dǎo)以12V之直流電壓1分鐘后，產(chǎn)生之針孔數(shù)符合下表之規(guī)定 1種(2.0-0.3mm) 5個以下2種(1.0-0.05mm) 8個以下3種(0.04-0.025mm)12個以下 同左但須先加熱處理(12510分)后再行試驗，產(chǎn)生之針孔數(shù)符合下表之規(guī)定 0種 2個以下1種 3個以下2種 5個以下 同PVF試驗法，產(chǎn)生之針孔數(shù)，須符合下表之規(guī)定0種 2個以下1種 3個以下2種 5個以下同PVF試驗法，產(chǎn)生之針孔數(shù)，須符合下表之規(guī)定0種 2個以下1種 3個以下2種 5個以下3種 12個以下卷線試驗截取確無針孔之適當(dāng)長度試料5條，依下表所列平滑圓棒，緊密卷線10次再行針孔試，此時5 條中不得有3 條以上有針孔(0.37-2.0mm施行之)依下表所列平滑圓棒，緊密卷線10次，不得有以肉眼所風(fēng)之龜列現(xiàn)象(0.37mm以上施行之)同PVF試法同PVF試法導(dǎo)線直徑mm 2.0-1.2 1.1-0.8 0.75-0.55 0.5-0.37 圓棒直徑導(dǎo)線直徑8倍導(dǎo)線直徑6倍導(dǎo)線直徑5倍導(dǎo)線直徑4倍 導(dǎo)線直徑mm 2.0-1.2 1.1-0.8 0.75-0.55 0.5-0.37 圓棒直徑導(dǎo)線直徑6倍導(dǎo)線直徑5倍導(dǎo)線直徑4倍導(dǎo)線直徑3倍 導(dǎo)線直徑mm 2.0-1.2 1.1-0.8 0.75-0.55 0.5-0.37 圓棒直徑導(dǎo)線直徑6倍導(dǎo)線直徑5倍導(dǎo)線直徑4倍導(dǎo)線直徑3倍 導(dǎo)線直徑mm 2.0-1.2 1.1-0.8 0.75-0.55 0.5-0.37 圓棒直徑導(dǎo)線直徑5倍導(dǎo)線直徑4倍導(dǎo)線直徑3倍伸長試驗截取確無針孔之適當(dāng)長度試料5條，設(shè)標點距離為250mm而伸長10%，再行針孔試，此時5 條中不得有3 條以上有針孔(0.37mm施行之)截取確無針孔之適當(dāng)長度試料3條，設(shè)標點距離為250mm，0.35-0.1mm而伸長10%，0.09-0.08mm而伸長5%，伸長后以8倍之放大鏡檢查時，不得有龜裂現(xiàn)象.同PVF試驗法同PVF試驗法絕緣破壞試 驗2條銅線檢驗主要參數(shù)1. 外觀: (JIS C 3003 4)以目視,手觸,指甲法等檢查,1.1有無傷痕或污損;1.2表面之光滑度,光澤,顏色是否均勻;1.3以指甲刮擦,漆膜是否易脫落.2. 構(gòu)造檢查: (JIS C 3003 5 (1) )用精度為0.001mm以上之測微計量測完成外徑,導(dǎo)體徑,漆膜厚度.3. 針孔試驗: (JIS C 3003 6)(三層絕緣線針孔為0個)導(dǎo)體徑在0.07mm以上者,取長度為6米之試料加熱于125/10min.(或常溫下)后,浸入針孔試驗液(3%之酚太酒精溶液,適量加入到0.2%的氯化鈉溶液中)中約5m,試驗液為正極,試料導(dǎo)體為極,施以12V之電流1分鐘. 0種 3個及以下; 1種 5個及以下; 2種 8個及以下; 3種 12個及以下;4. 耐溶劑性: (JIS C 3003 13.1)取長20cm之試料1根,置于1253的恒溫爐中加熱10分鐘后取出,以不彎曲,不伸長之狀態(tài),將試料大約15cm之部份浸入溫度603的二甲苯溶液中浸泡30分鐘,取出以目視檢查漆膜上有無起泡或膨脹.接著對導(dǎo)體徑0.19以下者采用指甲法(用指甲尖端摩擦該線);導(dǎo)體徑0.20以上者采用鉛筆法(將2H之鉛筆削成刃形,并對試料以約60度角及約500gf之作用力刮擦一次).再以目視檢查漆膜上是否有產(chǎn)生氣泡或凸起,但浸漬于溶劑之端部及液面之下部20mm不做為試驗之對象.注:紅字部份只針對漆包線,不包括三層絕緣線 5. 直焊性: (JIS C 3003 14/16)同一線軸上取試樣長約150mm共3條,分別將其一端40mm浸入錫爐(錫條按CNS247中規(guī)定的軟焊料Sn50:Pb50)中焊錫,所深入部份應(yīng)均勻完全上錫(浸漬部份上端10mm處不做試驗之對象),并且不能有碳化之黑屑.漆包線導(dǎo)體徑(mm)漆包線焊錫溫度3805焊錫時間(s)三層絕緣線導(dǎo)體徑(mm)三層絕緣線焊錫溫度4205焊錫時間(s)0.32以下20.200.4040.350.5030.450.7060.551.0040.751.00101.101.5056. 導(dǎo)體電阻測試: (漆包線JIS C 3003 17,絕緣線JIS C 3005 4.7.1)用惠登或交流電橋法測定試料之電阻,并算出溫度為20時線長1Km之電陰,須符合附表之規(guī)定值.(該項試驗依據(jù)JIS CNS 3003-1984.第19節(jié)內(nèi)容)計算公式:R(/km)=1米之電阻*1000*溫度系數(shù)導(dǎo)體電陰溫度數(shù)表(標準溫度為20)溫度系數(shù)溫度系數(shù)溫度系數(shù)101.041191.004280.970111.037201.000290.966121.033210.996300.962131.028220.992310.959141.024230.989320.955151.020240.985330.951161.016250.981340.948171.012260.977350.944181.008270.973三層絕緣線導(dǎo)體電阻如下:導(dǎo)體直徑(mm)最大導(dǎo)體阻抗(20)(m/m)最小伸長率(%)導(dǎo)體直徑(mm)最大導(dǎo)體阻抗(20)(m/m)最小伸長率(%)0.20607.6150.40145.3200.21549.0150.45114.2200.22498.4150.5091.43200.23454.5150.5578.15200.24416.2150.6065.26200.25382.5150.6555.31200.26358.4150.7047.47200.27331.4150.7541.19200.28307.3150.8036.08250.29285.7200.8531.87250.30262.9200.9028.35250.32230.0200.9525.38250.35191.2201.0023.33250.37170.6207. 伸長率: (JIS C 3003 18)取長約400mm之試片,在其中央部份做250mm之標線距離,以30525mm/min之速率拉伸至斷裂,試片在標線之外拉斷,該次試驗視為無效,連接斷裂部份后測量標線間長度,依下列公式算出伸長率:伸長率(%)=連接斷裂部份標線間長度(mm) 原標點距離(mm) 原標點距離(mm)標準規(guī)格(mm)最小伸長率(%)標準規(guī)格(mm)最小伸長率(%)標準規(guī)格(mm)最小伸長率(%)0.050100.200210.500250.060100.210210.550260.070130.230220.600270.080140.250220.650280.090150.260220.700280.100160.270220.750280.110170.290230.800280.120170.300230.850290.130180.310230.900290.140180.340240.950300.150190.350241.000300.160190.370241.100300.170200.400241.200310.180200.450251.300328. 絕緣破壞電壓; (漆包線JIS C 3003 110,絕緣線JIS C 3005 4.6)漆包線: 同一軸線截取樣品3根(每根長約350mm),將每根樣品對折剪成兩段,依下表中的張力及卷線圈數(shù)與自身對絞,絞合部分長約120mm;再在每根絞線的兩根導(dǎo)體之間施加50Hz或60Hz的正弦交流電壓,試驗電壓以大約500V/S的速率均勻上升,由此測下破壞電壓值,但若破壞發(fā)生在5S以內(nèi)者,則降低升壓速度,使其在5S以上發(fā)生破壞.導(dǎo)體直徑(mm)張力(kgf)絞數(shù)導(dǎo)體直徑(mm)張力(kgf)絞數(shù)0.050.003500.300.450.350160.060.070.005400.500.700.450120.080.110.010300.751.201.50090.120.170.040241.302.004.00060.180.290.120202.103.207.0003三層絕緣線: 同一軸線截取樣品五根(每根長約400mm),將每根樣品對折剪成兩段,依下表中的張力及卷線圈數(shù)與自身對絞,絞合部分長約125mm;再在每根絞線的兩根導(dǎo)體之間施加50Hz或60Hz的正弦交流電壓,試驗電壓以大約500V/S的速率均勻上升,直至樣品被擊穿,樣品被擊穿的電壓數(shù)值須大于12000V.導(dǎo)體直徑(mm)張力(N)絞數(shù)起至0.1000.2500.85330.2500.3551.70230.3550.5003.40160.5000.7107.00120.7101.06013.508絕緣膠帶電氣膠帶的構(gòu)造從一卷3M#1350粘貼膠帶的外表，會令人聯(lián)想到它所牽涉的物料科學(xué)、技術(shù)和先進生產(chǎn)處理等復(fù)雜性質(zhì).電氣膠帶的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：分離涂層(Release Coating)、帶基/基材(Backing)、涂底劑(Primer Coating)、粘劑(Adhesive).以帶基/基材的不同分類有： 環(huán)氧膠帶(epoxy tape)、聚酸亞胺膠帶 (polyimide tape)、聚四氟乙烯膠帶(PTFE Tape)、乙烯樹脂膠帶(Vinyi Tapy)、聚酯薄膜(Polyeseter Taye)、強化纖維膠帶(Filament Tape)、合成物薄膜(Composite Tape)、玻璃布(Glass Cloth)、乙醋酸布(Acetate Cloth)、紙帶 (Paper) 膠帶檢驗（一） 粘著力：1. 工具：拉力試驗機、不銹鋼片、2橡膠滾輪。2. 工作說明：(1) . 割取長約2530，寬25膠帶試片。(2) . 鋼片表面以衛(wèi)生紙沾溶劑（甲苯、乙酸乙酯、丙酮）拭凈，擦干。(3) . 取寬25膠帶輕輕貼合于鋼片中央處，再以2橡膠滾輪對準膠帶試片，來回滾壓一次。應(yīng)避免鋼片與膠帶貼合處產(chǎn)生氣泡。(4) . 超出鋼片部分的下端膠帶試帶反折，以180反向拉起一小段距離（約12長），露出之鋼片部分，以拉力試驗機下端夾頭固定。膠帶試片反折部分，固定于拉力驗機上端夾頭，啟動拉力試驗機進行粘著力試驗。備注1：D/S tape（雙面膠帶）檢驗粘著力時，可將另一面以0.020.03 opp film或Mylar flim（瑪拉薄膜）貼合補強以利操作。備注2：熱熔膠系壓克力膠（6375H、8575H、N-3026EX）之粘著力及保持力檢驗須于上述步驟(3)，先以電熨斗（開至最高刻度）加熱5秒鐘，以2橡膠滾輪對準膠帶試片，來回滾壓一次后，再以其余步驟進行檢驗。（二） 初期力：1.工具：30斜坡滾臺、滾球#4、#6、#8、#10、#12、#16、#20、#24、#28、#32。2.工作說明：(1) . 割取膠帶試片長約120，寬25（有效規(guī)格10025）。(2) . 用衛(wèi)生紙沾揮發(fā)性溶劑（甲苯、乙酸乙酯、丙酮）擦拭滾球，滾臺面。(3) . 膠帶試片前緣置于離平頂臺面下100處，膠面（有效長度 100）朝上且維持平整，用瑪拉膠帶固定膠帶試片前后端。(4) . 將滾球以鑷夾夾起，置于滾臺之平頂邊緣，輕輕推下。(5) . 若滾球停止于膠帶試片之膠面上重復(fù)三次，取膠帶試片所能粘住之最大球號，記錄為試片之初期力。（三） 保持力：1. 工具：保持力試驗機、1秤錘、鋼片（上端鉆有圓孔）、2橡膠滾輪。2. 工作說明：(1) . 割取長約180、寬25之膠帶試片（有效規(guī)格2525 ）。(2) . 鋼片以揮發(fā)性溶劑（甲苯、乙酸乙酯、丙酮）擦拭干凈。(3) . 取膠帶試片對正輕輕貼合于鋼片中央處，以2橡膠滾輪對準膠帶試片來回滾壓一次。(4) . 除去膠帶試片上端多余部分，使膠帶試片與鋼片之有效貼合面積為2525，底端較長的膠帶試片，將之反折粘勾住1秤錘。(5) . 懸掛于保持力試驗機上，開始計時，直到膠帶試片從鋼片上滑落，記錄時間（保持力）。(四) 張力強度：(KG/15mm)&伸長率：1. 工具：拉力試驗機。2. 工作說明：(1). 割取基材，長120mm200mm，寬15mm試片三張。(2). 基材上下兩端，各以拉力試驗機夾頭夾住，兩端點距離D1，(即原長度)。 (3). 啟動拉力試驗機，直到基材斷裂為止，記錄斷裂時之長度D2及斷裂時之拉力，此即為張力強度，單位為kg/15mm。(4). 依下列公式，計算伸長率 伸長率=(D2-D1)/D1100%注意事項：試片斷裂處不得于夾頭內(nèi)，若拉斷處位于夾頭內(nèi)則須重測。 (五) 耐燃性：1. 工具：耐燃試驗箱。2. 工作說明：(1) 割取膠帶試片長約250300、寬約25。(2) 將膠帶上端固定于耐燃試驗箱上端橫桿，另一端懸空。(3) 以打火機點燃膠帶試片下端，點著后，移開火源。1. 判定方法：火源移開后，3秒鐘內(nèi)，火必須自動熄滅，或火球滴落板面，必須立刻熄滅。(六) 破壞電壓： 1. 裝置： AC DIELECTRICTESTER。 2. 取樣： 取 TAPE 25120。 3. 步驟：a. 取TAPE置于電極之間，以電壓 0.5KV/ Sec之定速測試。 b. 逐漸增加，直到TAPE穿破為止，(指針回復(fù)零點)記錄當(dāng)時之最高電壓。 c. 必須求10點之平均值。線軸BOBBIN的分類：依據(jù)變壓器的性質(zhì)要求不同，按材質(zhì)分為：熱塑性材料，熱固性材料.熱塑性材料我們常用的有尼龍(NYLON)，塑料(PET)，塑料( PBT)三種.熱固性材料常用到的有電木(PM).特性及用途：1.電木(PM)：熱固性材料，穩(wěn)定性高，不易變形，耐溫150，可承受370之高溫.表面光滑，易碎，不能回收.用于耐溫較高之變壓器.2.尼龍(NYLON)：熱塑性材料，工程塑料，延展性好，不易碎，耐溫115，易吸水，使用前先用80的溫度烘烤，使固性穩(wěn)定.表面光滑，半透明，不易碎.一般用于耐油性強的變壓器上.3.塑料(PET)：熱塑性材料，510系統(tǒng)，硬性高，易成形.不易變形，耐溫170，表面不光滑，不易碎，一般用于繞線管.4.塑料(PBT)：熱塑性材料，較軟，不易變形，不耐高溫(160)，表面不光滑，不易碎一般用于繞線管*熱塑性材料可回收：第一次為20%，第二次為15%，第三次7%.UL94判定標準UL94 HB可燃性標準試片:長125mm*寬13mm*厚(一般為1.5mm;3.0mm;6.0mm厚)實驗程序1. 每一種厚度準備了三個試片,測試前先在23和50%相對濕度下放置48小時;2. 每一試片以長軸呈水平,短軸呈45方式固定;3. 每一試片在25mm及100mm處畫線做記號;4. 每一試片之一端固定,低緣下方10mm處水平放置一片金屬網(wǎng);5. 一個20mm高藍色本生燈火焰燃燒試片固定之一端30秒鐘然后移開,在火焰移開后假如試片繼續(xù)燃燒,則測出火焰由前緣燃燒至2個記號之間所用的時間,燃燒速率以mm/min計算.HB等級的判定1.3.0mm到13mm厚度之試片,沒有一個在75mm距離內(nèi)燃燒速率超過40mm/min;或小于3mm厚度之試片,沒有一個在75mm距離內(nèi)燃燒速率超過75mm/min或火焰在接近100mm記號前中止燃燒.UL94 V-0