九年級英語下冊 Module 4 The way we look Unit 3 Language in use學(xué)案.doc

M4U3Language in use 知識點撥-：一Companies give their products to film stars, pop stars and sports stars to wear or use so that fans will buy them in order to copy the stars.公司把他們的產(chǎn)品給電影明星，流行歌手和體育明星穿或使用以便使追星族為模仿明星而購買這些產(chǎn)品。（1）so that固定短語， 意為“以便，為的是, 結(jié)果”，其后面接從句。例如： We ran quickly so that we could catch up with him. 我們快跑為的是我們追上了他。2）in order to固定短語， 意為“為了”，其后面接動詞原形。與in order that, so that 同義，只是in order that; so that后面接從句。 如：We started early in order to arrive before dark. = We started early in order that / so that we could arrive before dark.為了在天黑前到達(dá),我們很早就動身了?！緶剀疤崾尽浚?）sothat 和 suchthat意思相同， 意為“如此以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。但是such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。（2）sothat與be . enough to do轉(zhuǎn)換；當(dāng)從句為否定句時，可以與too . to . 或be not . enough to do轉(zhuǎn)換。 杰克病得很嚴(yán)重，結(jié)果不得不休息。Jack is badly ill _ _ he has to rest. Tony ran very fast in order that he could catch up with others. (改為同義句) Tony ran very fast _ _ _catch up with others He was so fat that he couldnt get through the door. He was _ _ _ get through the door. 語法苑 介詞與介詞短語介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞, 詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞。在句中不能單獨作句子成分。介詞后面一般有名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類、短語或從句作它的賓語。介詞和它的賓語構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語，表語，補語或介詞賓語。一：今天我們來一塊學(xué)習(xí)的介詞有about，after，across 等20個介詞，下面我們來具體地認(rèn)識一下：1about 關(guān)于Do you know something about Tom？What about this coat？（怎么樣）2.after 在之后Im going to see you after supper.Tom looked after his sick mother yesterday.（照看）3across 橫過Can you swim across the river.4.against 反對Are you for or against me?Nothing could make me turn against my country.（背叛）5along 沿著We walked along the river bank.6.before 在之前I hope to get there before seven oclock.It looks as though it will snow before long.（不久）7behind 在后面 The sun is hidden behind the clouds.8by 到時 We had learned ten English songs by the end of last term.9during 在期間 Where are you going during the holiday.10except 除了 Everyone except you answered the question correctly.11for 為了 The students are studying hard for the people.12from 從 I come from Shanghai.13in 在里 on 在上面 under在下面 There are two balls in/on/under the desk.14、near 在附近 He writes in black ink.（用材料） The guard cut one boot open with a knife.（用工具） She always goes to school by bike.（用手段）We live near the park.15.of 的 Do you know the name of the winner.16.over 在正上方 There is a bridge over the river. Tom goes over his English every day.（復(fù)習(xí)）17.round/around 圍繞 The students stand around the teacher.18.to 朝方向 Can you tell me the way to the cinema.19.towards朝著 The car is traveling towards Beijing.20.with 和一起 Would you like to go to the cinema with me?大家在學(xué)習(xí)這些介詞時可以先記住它的漢語意思，然后參照例句來加深理解，并在今后的學(xué)習(xí)中加以靈活運用。 二：常用易混介詞辨析1.after/ in 皆可表示時間在之后，其區(qū)別為：after 1）表示“在某點時間之后”，用于將來時。如：Well go out for a walk after supper2）表示“一段時間之后”，用于過去時。如：My mother came home after half an hour.in表示“一段時間之后”，用于將來時。如Well go to school in two weeksTaiwan is in the east of China.（臺灣屬于中國）2、at/in/onat seven oclock（具體某一時刻用at）in April /in April,2002（具體某一月份或年份用in）on April 5,2002/on the morning of Monday（具體某一天用on）3、in /by /withHe writes in black ink.（用材料） The guard cut one boot open with a knife.（用工具） She always goes to school by bike.（用手段）4、between /amongCan you say the differences between the two words?（兩者之間）Zhou En-lai lives among the people for ever.（三者或三者以上）5、besides /except We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.（除之外，還有）全部計算在內(nèi) We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.（除之外）不計算在內(nèi)6、on /over/ above There is a boat on the desk（在某物面上，與此物接觸。） There is a bridge over the river.（在某物正上方，與此物不接觸，或橫在某物上，或覆蓋在某物上。） She spread a cloth over the table. He held his heads above his head. （“在上”，強調(diào)“高于?！保?、on/ in / to Mongolia is on the north of china.（與中國接壤，不屬于中國） Japan is to the east of china.（不屬于中國，且不接壤）8、since /forsince 表示從過去某一時間以來,后加時間點 for 表示一段時間I have been living here since 1982.（自1982年以來，我一直住在這里）I have been living here for 20 years.（我已經(jīng)在這里住了20年了）9.of /fromThe desk is made of wood（看得出材料）Paper is made from wood.（看不出材料）The bread is made up of flour, sugar and milk.（由數(shù)種成分組成）10、by /on He used to go to school by bike.（抽象概括） He came to school on this bike yesterday.（具體到哪一輛車）11、of /for Its kind of you to come to see me.（既說明不定式本身特點，又說明邏輯主語的品性） Its important for you students to learn English well.（只說明不定式本身的特征）12、of /in This is the most interesting of all the stories.（從個體的集體著眼） China has the largest population in the world.（從總體概括著眼）13、through /past/across The new railway runs through the small town.（穿過） He walked slowly past the tall building.（從旁邊經(jīng)過）Mary walked across the park to do some shopping.（強調(diào)從一邊到另一邊）14、as /likeas 1）用作介詞時意思為“作為，充當(dāng)”如： She acted as an interpreter. 2）用作連詞時 意思為“像一樣；當(dāng)，由于” As it was cold, I didnt go outside.like 用作介詞，意思為像一樣 John sings like a nightingale.由以上15組介詞我們可以體會出介詞在使用中是多么細(xì)膩，希望大家在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中不斷實踐和總結(jié)，正確地使用介詞。三：短語介詞短語介詞是指由多個單詞構(gòu)成的介詞如：in front of, out of, instesd of, far from， in the middle of四：介詞短語及用法：介詞短語不同于短語介詞，介詞短語是介詞之后一般有名詞或代詞(賓格)或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類、短語或從句作它的賓語,即構(gòu)成介詞短語。 介詞短語相當(dāng)于一個形容詞或副詞,可用作狀語、定語、表語和補語 介詞短語在句子中的位置 介詞短語做狀語時,如果表示時間/地點,可以放在句首或句尾, 如果表示方向/方式/伴隨/涉及/原因/目的/比較,一般放在句尾； 介詞短語作表語時放在連系動詞之后；介詞短語作定語時,只能放在被修飾的名詞之后。 如：He wanted to find a good job in Shanghai the next year.(狀語)(他想來年在上海找份好工作) They searched the room for the thief.(他們在房間里搜索小偷) The letters are for you.(表語)(信是給你的) Have you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs?(定語)(你看見一只黑頭白腿的貓了嗎？) 注： this / that / these / those / last / next / a / every / each等詞構(gòu)成的時間短語,前面不用任何介詞。如：Every year travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao.(每年都有國外的游客來游覽平窯鎮(zhèn))He had a bad cold that week.(那個星期他患重感冒)記住一些固定詞組：arrive at/in(到達(dá)),on foot(步行),notat all(根本不),to the north of(在以北),in the east of(在的東部),in the night(在夜間),at night(在晚上),be afraid of(害怕),be full of(充滿/ 裝滿.),be filled with(充滿/ 裝滿.),be good/bad for(對有益/有害),be made of(由做成),be made from(由制造),play with(玩耍),look out of(朝外面看),at the end of(在末梢/結(jié)束時),by the end of(不遲于/到末為止),with the help of或with ones help(在的幫助下),look after(照料),look for(尋找),on a bike(=by bike)騎車, help sb. with(幫某人做),get on (well) with(與某人相處融洽),等等。練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1. _ your help, I cant get the information in time.2. He often borrow things _ others, but he doesnt lend anything _ anybody.3. No hurry! The bus will arrive _ ten minutes.4. We walked _ the bridge and soon came to a hut.5. In Zhejiang there will be a new bridge over 30 kilometers long _Ningbo and Jiaxing.6. A new baby came to the earth _ a sunny winter morning.7. Miss Wang is standing _ the students.8._ Christmas Day I received many cards.9. You have sold your bike _ a good price.10.I havent heard from my friends _ last month.11._ the east of Asia lies China while Japan is _ the east of China.12.Look! Mr Wu is walking _ us. Lets go and meet him.二：選擇題：1.Linda is not good at Chinese, but she passed the exam _ the help of her classmates.A. with B. under C. without2.Welcome to our hotel! I hope youll have a good time _your stay here.A. after B. during C. with D. since3.Dont waste water. Water is very important and no one can live _it. A. without B. with C. except D. besides4.I like going to school _my bikeAinBonCby Dat5.Which would you prefer, orang juic or coffer?