醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)詞綴.doc

SuffixMeaning Example -acpertainingto屬于，關(guān)于cardiac:pertainingtotheheart心臟（?。┑?alpertainingtomedical:pertainingtomedicine-arpertainingtomolecular:pertainingtoamolecule分子的-arypertainingtobelongingtociliary:pertainingtothecilia睫毛的,纖毛的,毛狀的 -aseenzyme酶 amylase:anyenzymethatconvertsstarchtosugar淀粉酶 -clesmallness小,少,貧乏,小氣 follicle:asmallbodilycavityorsac小囊,(頭發(fā)的)毛囊 -eaninstrument儀器 auriscope:aninstrumentforexaminingtheear(檢查耳朵用的)耳鏡 -ealpertainingtolaryngeal:pertainingtothelarynx喉的,喉音的 -iacondition;qualityphobia:abnormalfear恐懼，害怕 -icpertainingtotoxic:pertainingtotoxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudyof;nameofasciencepaediatrics:studyofchildren,theirdevelopmentanddiseases兒科學(xué) -ine/insubstance物質(zhì) Insulin：substance(hormone)producedbytheisletsofLangerhansinthepancreas 胰島素-ismprocessorconditionalcoholism:excessivedrinkingofalcoholwhichbecomesaddictive酒精中毒 -istonewhospecializesin精通于的人pharmacologist:adoctorwhospecializesinthestudyofdrugs藥理專(zhuān)家 -it isinflammationreferstoapartin部位的炎癥rhinitis:inflammationofthenasalpassages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelationtoawhole;relatedto與相關(guān)endometrium:innerliningoftheuter子宮內(nèi)膜 -iveCharacterizesbyantitussive:adrugthatsuppressescoughing止咳藥-lettiny;smalldroplet:atinydrop小滴 -menttheresultorproductofanactiondevelopment:thingwhichdevelopsorisbeingdeveloped;actionofbecomingmature-oidresembling;like像mucoid:resemblingmucus粘液樣的-olelittle;smallcentriole:thesmalldensestructureinthemiddleofthecentrosome細(xì)胞中心粒；中心體-omatumor;swellingreferstoadoerdermatofibroma:fibroustumoroftheskin皮膚纖維瘤-or/-ereitherapersonorthingreceptor:asensorynerveendingthatrespondstovariousstimuli感受器，受體 -orycharacterizedby;pertainingtosuspensory:whichishangingdown懸吊式，懸?guī)?oseSugarfructose:fruitssugarfoundinhoneyandsomefruit果糖 -osisabnormalconditiononychocryptosis:abnormalconditionofahiddennail嵌甲 -ouspertainingtopoisonous:pertainingtopoison;alsocontainingpoison有毒的，分泌毒素的 -somesBodiesribosome:thebodyofnucleicacid核糖體 -umstructure;thing;substance結(jié)構(gòu)，物質(zhì)magnesium:awhitemetallicchemicalsubstance鎂（金屬元素） -ycondition;act;processdystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良 Thefollowingisalistofthemostcommonlyusedcompoundsuffixes Suffix Meaning Example -algiapain;painful;conditionarthralgia:paininajoint關(guān)節(jié)痛 -aseenzymeprotease:digestiveenzyme蛋白酶 -blastembryo胚，胚胎，人類(lèi)胚胎 hemocytoblast:blastcell血胚細(xì)胞，原始血細(xì)胞 -carcinomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissue相關(guān)組織的惡性腫瘤 adenocarcinoma:malignanttumordevelopingfromglandulartissue腺癌 -celeprotrusion;distention突出；膨脹，延伸 esophagocele:abnormaldistentionoftheesophagus食管突出 -centesissurgicalpuncture手術(shù)穿孔 paracentesis:surgicalpunctureofacavityfortheaspirationoffluid穿刺術(shù) -capniacarbondioxide二氧化碳 acapnia:absenceofcarbondioxide血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cideKillgermicide:(substance)whichcankillgerms殺菌劑-clastCellphagocyte:cell,especiallyawhitebloodcell,whichcansurroundanddestroyothercells噬菌細(xì)胞 -dyniaPainglossodynia:paininthetongue舌痛 -ectasia/-ectasisexpansion;dilation(膨脹，擴(kuò)張) atelectasis:incompleteexpansionofthelungsatbirth肺不張 -ectomysurgicalexcisionorremovalofgastrectomy:surgicalremovalofthestomach胃切除術(shù) -edemaexcessiveaccumulationofserousfluid水腫 myxoedema:conditioncausedwhenthethyroidglanddoesnotproduceenoughthyroidhormone粘液腺瘤病，粘液水腫 -emiabloodconditionleukemia:anyofseveralmalignantdiseaseswhereanabnormalnumberofleucocytesformintheblood白血病 -emesisvomiting嘔吐 hematemesis:thevomitingofblood咯血；吐血 -gensomethingthatproducedorprouducespathogen:amicroorganismoragentcapableofproducingdisease病菌，病原體 -genesisproduction生產(chǎn)spermatogenesis:formationanddevelopmentofspermatozoainthetestes精子發(fā)生 -globinprotein蛋白質(zhì) hemoglobin:aniron-containingproteinproducedbyerythrocytes血紅素 -gnosisKnowledgediagnosis:theprocessofidentifyingthenatureorpresenceofadiseasethroughknowledgeandexamination-gramimage;pictureelectrocardiogram:agraphicrecordoftheelectricalactivityofheartmuscleorheartbeatusedinthediagnosisofheartdisease.Abbr.ECGandEKG.Syn.cardiogram心電圖-graph(y)processofrecording記錄過(guò)程electocardiography:theprocessofmakingorrecordingelectrocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心電圖記錄 -iasiscondition;state情況，狀況cholelithiasis:theformationofgallstones膽石癥 -iatry/-iatricshealing,frequentlyreferstoabranchofmedicine康復(fù)，常指醫(yī)學(xué)的一個(gè)分支 podiatry:treatmentoffootdisorders足部醫(yī)療-lithstonecholelith:agallstone;astoneformedinthegallbladder膽結(jié)石 -logythestudyofcytology:thesciencestudyofcells細(xì)胞學(xué) -logistonewhostudiesandtreatsurologist:aphysicianwhospecializesinthepracticeofurology泌尿科醫(yī)生 -lysisbreakdown,destructionhemolysis:thedestructionorbreakdownofredbloodcellswithreleaseofhemoglobin溶血 -malaciasofteningosteomalacia:softeningofbone骨軟化 -maniaextremecompulsionorpreoccupation強(qiáng)迫癥 kleptomania:amorbid,uncontrollablecompulsiontosteal盜竊癖 -megalygiantacromegaly:aconditioninwhichthereisanenlargementofthefacialbonesaswellasthoseofthelungs肢端肥大癥 -metry/-metermeasurementspirometry:measurementofthevolumeofairinhaledandexhaledortheaircapacityofthelungs肺(活)量測(cè)定(法),呼吸量測(cè)定(法) -odyniapaincardiodynia:painintheheartregion心痛，胸痛 -onehormone荷爾蒙，激素 parathormone:whichregulatescalciumbalanceamongtheblood,bones,andteeth甲狀旁腺激素 -opiaadefectintheeye眼睛的毛病 myopia:beingshort-sighted近視 -opsytoviewbiopsy:excisionoflivetissueformicroscopicdiagnosis活檢 -osismorbidcondition病態(tài)的 sclerosis:abnormalhardening硬化癥 -osmiasmellanosmia:lossofthesenseofsmell嗅覺(jué)喪失 -ostomyprocessofmakinganopeningintooraconnectionbetween造瘺gastrostomy:surgicalconstructionofanopeningfromthesurfaceoftheabdomenintothestomach胃造口術(shù) -oxialevelofoxygen氧水平 hypoxia:alowoxygenleveloralackofoxygeninbodytissues組織缺氧 -pathydisease;diseasedconditionophthalmopathy:anyeyedisease眼病 -peniadeficiencyleukopenia:deficiencyofleukocytesintheblood.Syn.leukocytopenia白細(xì)胞減少癥 -pepsiadigestioneupepsia:gooddigestion消化良好 -pexyafixingorsettingfirmlyinplacebysuturing縫合固定 hepatopexy:surgicalfixationofadisplaceliver肝固定術(shù) -phagia/phagyeating;swallowing吃，吞咽 dysphagia:difficultyinswallowing吞咽困難 -philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil:typeofleucocyteorwhitebloodcellwhichcontainsgranules嗜堿性粒細(xì)胞 -phobiafearxenophobia:irrationalfearofstrangers對(duì)外國(guó)人的恐懼，憎惡 -plasiaformation;developmenthyperplasia:overdevelopmentorenlargementofanorganortissue增生，數(shù)量型肥大 -phoniavoicedysphonia:difficultyinspeaking發(fā)聲困難 -plasmformation;growthorsubstanceofformationcytoplasm:jellysubstanceinthecell細(xì)胞漿 -plastysurgicalrepairosteoplasty:surgicalrepairofthebone骨整形術(shù)，骨成形術(shù) -plegiastroke;paralysis中風(fēng) thermoplegia:heatorsunsrtoke熱射病 -pneabreathingeupnea:normalbreathing呼吸正常，平靜呼吸 -ptosisafalling,thedroppingorsaggingofanorgan器官下移 hepatoptosis:abnormallylowpositionoftheliver肝下垂 -ptysisspitting分散 melanoptysis:spittingofthespleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰 -poiesisproductionhemopoiesis:productionofbloodcells造血作用，生血作用 -rrhage/-rrhagiaburstingforthofblood出血 menorrhagia:veryheavybleedingduringmenstruation月經(jīng)過(guò)多 -rrhaphysurgicalsewingorsuturingsplenorrhaphy:sutureofthespleen脾修補(bǔ)術(shù) -rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea:waterydischarge液溢 -(o)rrhexissplittingorrupture撕裂，破裂，疝氣 amniorrhexis:ruptureoftheamnioticac羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissueliposarcoma:malignanttumorcontainingfat脂肪肉瘤-schesisaholdingback;suppressionofdischarge阻礙；抑制排放 uroschesis:suppressionofurine閉尿，尿潴留 -sclerosisahardeningdermatosclerosis:hardeningoftheskin硬皮病 -scopeinstrumentforviewingstethoscope:aninstrumentforperformingmedicateausculation聽(tīng)診器 -scopyprocessofexaminingvisuallyhepatoscopy:examinationoftheliver肝檢查 -spasminvoluntarycontractionangiospasm:suddencontractionofthemusclesinabloodvessel血管痙攣 -stasissuppression;stoppage;control;arrest抑制，中止 hemostasis:thearrestofbleeding止血，止血法-stenosisabnormalnarrowingofaductorcanal管、道德異常狹窄 laryngostenosis:abnormalnarrowingofthelarynx喉狹窄 -stomysurgicalopeningtotheoutsideofthebody造口 colostomy:surgicaloperationtomakeanopeningfromthecolon結(jié)腸造口術(shù) -tentionpressurehypertention:highbloodpressure高血壓 -therapytreatmentphysiotherapy:treatmentofdiseasebyphysicalmeans物理療法 -tionprocesshospitalization:theprocessofbeinghosipitalized住院 -tocialabor;birth生產(chǎn) embryotocia:abortion流產(chǎn) -tometoolforincisionarthrotome:instrumentforcuttingajoint關(guān)節(jié)刀 -tomyprocessofcuttingintogastrotomy:incisionofthestomach胃切開(kāi)術(shù) -tropiaturning轉(zhuǎn)彎，變向 esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye內(nèi)斜視 -trophynourishmentordevelopmentofanorgan器官的營(yíng)養(yǎng)、發(fā)育 dystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良 -uriaaconditionoftheurine（小便） dysuria:difficultlyinpassingurine排尿困難 -versionturningeversion:aturningoutward外翻，翻轉(zhuǎn) Hereisatableofthemostcommonlyusedprefixes Prefix Meaning Example a-/an-without;notaphasia:theinabilitytounderstandwrittenorspokenwordsortospeakmeaningfully失語(yǔ)癥 ab-awayfromabortion:expulsionfromtheuterus流產(chǎn) ad-to;toward;nearadnasal:nearthenose近鼻的 Acro-apointortipacronyx:growingintotheflesh嵌甲 alb-Whitealbino:apersonlackingnormalpigmentation白發(fā)病者 Amb-/ambi-Bothambisexual、bisexual:(person)whoissexuallyattractedtobothmalesandfamales雙性戀 amphi-/ampho-both;bothsidesamphicentric:beginningandendinginthesamevessel起止同源的血管 ana-up;backagainanabolism:processofbuildingupcomplexchemicalsubstancesonthebasisofsimplerones合成代謝 Angio-abloodvesselangioma:benigntumorformedofbloodvessel血管瘤 Ante-Beforeantenatal:duringtheperiodbetweenconceptionandchildbirth出生前的，懷孕期的 anti-Againstantidepressant:(drug)usedtotreatdepression抗抑郁劑 Audi-hearing;soundaudiometry:scienceoftestinghearing聽(tīng)力測(cè)定 Auto-Selfautoantibody:antibodyformedtoattackthebodysowncells自身抗體 bi-two;twicebicellular:twocells兩室的 bio-livingorganisms生命體 biochemistry:chemistrylivingtissues生物化學(xué) brady-Slowbradycardia:slowrateofheartcontraction,shownbyaslowpulserate心動(dòng)過(guò)緩 carcin-carcinomaorcancer癌；瘤 carcinogen:acancer-causingsubstance致癌物 Cata-downwards;under;against;alongwithcataract:conditionwherethelensoftheeyegraduallybecomeshardandopaque白內(nèi)障 centi-onehundredth百分之一 centimeter:unitofmeasurementoflength(=onehundredthofameter)厘米 co(n)-withortogetherconsanguineous:bloodrelationship血親的，血緣的，密切的 contra-againstcontraception:preventionofpregnancybyusingdevicesordrugs避孕法，節(jié)育法 de-removalorlossdecaffeinated:(coffee)withthecaffeineremoved脫去咖啡因的 Deca-tendecagram:tengrams十克 Deci-tenthdeciliter:unitofmeasurementofliquid(=onetenthofalittle)1/10公升 di-twodiglossia:adoubletongue使用兩種語(yǔ)言 dia-through;between;apart;acrossdiathermy:processof(treating)throughheat透熱療法dis-reversalorseparatedisintegrate:tocometopieces分解，破裂 dys-bad;difficult;disordereddysarthrosis:deformityormalformationofajoint關(guān)節(jié)變形 Echo-soundechocardiography:ultrasonographyoftheheart心回波描記，超聲心動(dòng)描記術(shù) ect-/ecto-outsideorouterecchondroma:benigntumoronthesurfaceofcartilageorbone外生軟骨瘤 en-in;withinenostosis:benigngrowthinsideabone內(nèi)生骨疣 Endo-insideendocardium:membranewhichlinestheheart心內(nèi)膜 epi-on;overepidermis:outerlayerofskin表皮 ery-rederythrocyte:maturenon-nucleatedredbloodcell紅細(xì)胞 eso-inward;within(向內(nèi)) esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye內(nèi)斜視 eu-goodeugenics:studyofhowtoimprovethehumanracebygeneticselection優(yōu)生學(xué) ex-/exo-outofexhale:tobreathout呼出 extra-outsideextracapsular:outsideacapsule囊外的 hemi-halfhemiplegia:severeparalysisaffectingonesideofthebody偏癱,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro-waterhydrocele:collectionofwateryliquidfoundinacavitysuchasthescrotum陰囊積水 hyper-higherortoomuchhyperglycaemia:excessofglucoseintheblood高血糖癥 hypo-lessortoolittlehypokalaemia:deficiencyofpotassiumintheblood低血鉀 in-inorintoinbreeding:breedingbetweenacloselyrelatedmaleandfemale近親交配 in-notincoherent:notabletospeakinawaywhichmakessense語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次 Infra-beloworbeneathinfrapatellar:beloworbeneaththepatella髕 Inter-betweeninterlobular:betweenlobules小葉間的 Intra-insideintramedullary:insidethebonemarroworspinalcord髓內(nèi) itro-intointrovert:personwhothinksonlyabouthimselfandhisownmentalstate性格內(nèi)向的人 mal-badorabnormalmalfunction:abnormalworkingofanargan機(jī)器等運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)失常；失靈；出現(xiàn)故障 Meta-changesmetaplasia:changeofonetissuetoanother化生，轉(zhuǎn)化，組織變形micro-verysmallmicrocyte:abnormallysmallredbloodcell小紅細(xì)胞 mid-middlemidcarpal:betweenthetworowsofcarpalbones腕骨間的 Milli-onethousandthmilligram:unitofmeasurementofweight毫克 mis-errororwrongmiscarriage:spontaneousabortion流產(chǎn) multi-manymultigravida:awomanwhoispregnantandhasbeenpregnantatleasttwicebefore經(jīng)產(chǎn)孕婦 Noct-atnightnocturia:passingabnormallylargequantityofurinewhenasleepinbedatnight夜尿癥 Nona-nineortheninethnonagon:flatshapewhichhasninesides九邊形 Octa-eightoctan:everyeightdays八日熱；每隔八日發(fā)一次的 odont-teethodontology:studyofteethandassociatedstructures,andtheirdisordersonco-tumoursoncology:scientificstudyofnewgowths腫瘤學(xué) oro-mouthorolingual:pertainingtothemouthandtongue口與舌的 pachy-thickeningpachysomia:conditionwheresofttissuesofthebodybecomeabnormallythick軀體肥厚 pali-/palin-against;pathologicrepetition病態(tài)的重復(fù) palindromic:(disease)whichrecurs復(fù)發(fā)的，再發(fā)的pan-/pant-/panto-allpancytopenia:abnormaldepressionofallthecellularelementsoftheblodd全血細(xì)胞減少癥 Para-similartoornear;changedorbeyondparalyseorparalyze:toweaken(muscles)sothattheycannotfunction使麻痹，使癱瘓 pen-/penta-fivepentosuria:excretionofpentosesintheurine戊糖尿per-throughpercutaneous:doneoradministeredthroughtheskin經(jīng)皮的，由皮的 peri-aroundpericystitis:inflammationoftissuearoundthebladder膀胱周炎 Pero-deformedordefective畸形有缺陷的 peromelia:congenitaldeformityofthelimbs四肢不全pharmaco-drugspharmacology:studyofdrugsormedicines,andtheiraction,propertiesandcharacteristics藥理學(xué)，藥物學(xué) pleo-/pleio-toomanypleokaryocyte:conditionwhereagreaterthannormalnumberofcellsincerebrospinalfluid多核細(xì)胞 Pluri-morepluriglandular:pertainingtooraffecti