江蘇省東臺市中考英語《定語從句復習》課件 牛津版.ppt

grammar 定語從句復習課件 定語可以由形容詞 代詞 數(shù)詞 名詞 分詞 不定式 介詞短語等來擔任 修飾名詞 以分詞 介詞短語為例 例 thegirlbehindthetreeiskate themandrivingtoofastwasadrunk 定語從句在英語中 修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句 例 thegirlwhoisbehindthetreeiskate themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasadrunk 先行詞和關系詞先行詞 被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞 關系詞 引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞 先行詞 關系詞 引導詞 對等 代替thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme 先行詞 關系詞bike 關系詞的作用 既引導定語從句 又在定語從句中充當某種成分 關系代詞如何引導定語從句普通代詞與關系代詞的區(qū)別ihaveasister sheworksinshanghai 代替sisterihaveasisterwho thatworksinshanghai 普通代詞 只起代替的作用 如上例she 關系代詞 如上例who which 1 除了代替先行詞外 2 它還在定語從句中擔任一定的成分 3 同時連接先行詞與它引導的定語從句 把主句和從句連起來 說明如下thebuildingisourschool thebuildingstandsbytheriver thebuildingwhich thatstandsbytheriverisourschool 先行詞關系詞從句which that是關系代詞 它在從句中代替先行詞thebuilding 同時擔任從句中的主語 也起連詞的作用 把兩個簡單句連接起來 關系代詞的使用取決于先行詞 它們的關系非常密切 因為關系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞 所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后 而且它的人稱 數(shù)必須和先行詞一致 thewomanthat whoisspeakingatthemeetingismymother 主句 thewomanismymother 從句 thewomanisspeakingatthemeeting 主語是單數(shù) thewomenthat whoarespeakingatthemeetingarefamousscientists 主句 thewomenarefamousscientists 從句 thewomenarespeakingatthemeeting 主語是復數(shù) 關系詞判斷步驟 首先 要辨別出先行詞 如果先行詞是指人 關系詞可能就用who that whom whose 如果先行詞指物 關系詞可能用which或that 然后 要確定關系詞在從句中的成分 請看下表 最后 要確定關系代詞的人稱和數(shù) 請看以上例句 注意 定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句的限制 thewomanwho thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother 主句 thewomanismymother 敘述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時 從句 thewoman who that spokeatthemeetingyesterday 句中yesterday表示過去時間 定語從句的辨認 思考步驟 找出先行詞a 確定在從句中關系代詞的人稱 數(shù)和性 b 確定定語從句的位置確定關系代詞在從句中的成分以確定關系代詞的格確定從句的時態(tài) 定語從句的時態(tài)都不受主句的限制 關系代詞的使用方法 定語從句常用的關系代詞有 that who m whose which等 that多指物 在從句中作主語或作動詞的賓語 that which作賓語時可省 1 aplaneisamachinethatcanfly aplaneisamachinewhichcanfly 2 whowashurtintheaccidentthathappenedyesterday whowashurtintheaccidentwhichhappenedyesterday 3 haveyoufoundthebikethatyoulost haveyoufoundthebikewhichyoulost haveyoufoundthebike省略youlost 2 which指物 在從句中作主語或賓語 作主語不可省略 作賓語可以省略 which與that指物時可以互相代替 that更常見 1 hisfatherworksinafactorythatmakestvsets hisfatherworksinafactorywhichmakestvsets 2 thefilmthatwesawlastnightwasverywonderful thefilmwhichwesawlastnightwasverywonderful thefilm省略wesawlastnightwasverywonderful 3 who指人 既它的先行詞必須是人 在從句中作主語或賓語 但whom是賓格 只能作賓語 that有時也指人 代替who whom 可作主語或賓語 1 thegirlswhoweren tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates thegirlsthatweren tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates 2 heknewtheteacherwhowemetyesterday heknewtheteacherwhomwemetyesterday heknewtheteacher that wemetyesterday 4 whose是代詞的所有格形式 它既可以代人也可以代物 isawawoman herbagwasstolen isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen i llcallaperson hisfatherknowsyou i llcallapersonwhosefatherknowsyou pleaseshowmethebook itscoverisred pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred ican tfindthehouse myfriendlivesinit ican tfindthehousewhosefriendlivesinit 1 thisisthehero whom weareproudof thisistheheroofwhomweareproud thisisthehero that weareproudof 2 sheisthegirlwhomiwentwiththere sheisthegirlwithwhomiwentthere sheisthegirlthatiwentwiththere sheisthegirl省略iwentwiththere 注意 固定動介詞組不可分割 介詞不能提前 例如 lookafter lookat 關系代詞與介詞介詞放在關系代詞的前面時 介詞賓語只能用which代物 和whom代人 介詞在末尾時 關系詞可以省略 3 theroom that iliveinisverybig theroom which iliveinisverybig theroominwhichiliveisverybig theroomwhereiliveisverybig 4 iwanttofindthepen that iwrotetheletterwith iwanttofindthepen which iwrotetheletterwith iwanttofindthepenwithwhichiwrotetheletter herearethepicture booksthatthechildrenarelookingfor herearethepicture bookswhichthechildrenarelookingfor herearethepicture booksthechildrenarelookingfor 定語從句中需注意事項有些情況下只用關系詞that 而不宜用which1 從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時 只能用that引導從句 thisisthemostinterestingstory that ihaveeverheard thefirstmeeting that wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon 2 先行詞是all something nothing anything不定代詞時 只能用that hereissomething that iwilltellyou notallthatglittersisgold 3 先行詞既有人也有物時 只能用that引出從句icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures that isee 4 先行詞是oneof theone 或用little few no all any作修飾 用thatisittheonethatyouwant wehaven tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou 5 當主句已有疑問詞who或which時 關系詞用thatwhichisthebikethatyoulost whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting 從例句中看出 who that在許多情況下可以通用 但有時宜用用who 而不用that1 先行詞是one s anyone someone those時 關系詞使用whothosewhowanttogotothegreatwallsignuphere onewhohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth 2 在therebe句型中 先行詞指人 關系詞用whothereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim 附加部分 關系副詞 關系副詞是用來引導定語從句的 它和關系代詞一樣 具有數(shù)種作用 在從句中代替先行詞 在句中作狀語 連接作用 把兩個句子連接成為一個帶有定語從句的復合句 關系副詞有三種 where 在從句中作地點狀語 指代地點 on in at which when 在從句中作時間狀語 指代時間 on in which why 在從句中作原因狀語 指代原因 thereasonwhy 關系副詞的用法 1 where的用法 先行詞應是地點名詞 thehotelwasn tclean westayed thehotelwherewestayedwasn tclean thehotelatwhichwestayedwasn tclean thehotelwhichwestayedatwasn tclean thehotel關系詞略westayedatwasn tclean atthehotel westayed there 先行詞 關系詞 2 when的用法 先行詞應是表示時間的名詞 i llneverforgettheday ijoinedtheleagueonthatday i llneverforgetthedayonwhichijoinedtheleague i llneverforgetthedaywhenijoinedtheleague 從句 3 why的用法 表示原因的名詞 thereasonwhyi mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoaparty i 把下列單句合并成含有定語從句的復合句 1 thelittlegirlwascryingonthestreet hermoneyhadbeenstolen 2 thecolourofthebikeisgreen haveyouseenthebike 3 thestudentdidn tagreewithus thestudentwasstandingunderthetree 4 whereistheman themantalkedwithyoujustnow 5 thewatchisverynice hegavemethewatchformybirthday 6 thebookisveryinteresting youlentittomeyesterday 7 theteacherisourenglishteacher yousawherontheplayground thelittlegirlwhosemoneyhadbeenstolenwascryingonthestreet haveyouseenthebikewhosecolourisgreen thestudentwhowasstandingunderthetreedidn tagreewithus whereisthemanwhotalkedwithyoujustnow thewatch that hegavemeformybirthdayisverynice thebook that which youlentmeyesterdayisveryinteresting theteacher who that yousawontheplaygroundisourenglishteacher 8 theletterisfrommyfriend ireceivedityesterday 9 i mreadingabook itsnameis whomovedmycheese 10 heworksinaschool thereisabigstorenearit 11 heusedtoliveinahouse infrontofitgrewmanyappletrees 12 thisistheroom welivedinitlastyear 13 thechildrenareveryhealthy sheislookingafterthem 14 iknowtheboy hecanspeakenglishwell theletter that which ireceivedyesterdayisfrommyfriend i mreadingabookwhosenameis whomovedmycheese heworksinaschoolnearwhichthereisabigstore thisistheroom that which welivedinlastyear thisistheroominwhich wherewelivedlastyear thechildren who that sheislookingafterthemareveryhealthy iknowtheboywho thatcanspeakenglishwell heusedtoliveinahouseinfrontofwhichgrewmanyappletrees 15 theseasonissummer itcomesafterspring 16 themanwasamerican ispoketohimyesterday 17 ican tfindthehouse myfriendlivesinit 18 iknowtheboy youarelookingforhim 19 thisisthetown hewasborninthetown 20 wearrivedhereontheday doyourememberit theseasonwhichcomesafterspringissummer theman whom that ispoketoyesterdaywasamerican themantowhomispokeyesterdaywasamerican ican tfindthehouse which that myfriendlivesin ican tfindthehouseinwhich wheremyfriendlives iknowtheboy whom who that youarelookingfor thisisthetown which that hewasbornin thisisthetowninwhich wherehewasborn doyouremembertheday that which wearrivedhereon doyourememberthedayonwhichwearrivedhere doyourememberthedaywhenwearrivedhere ii 單項選擇 1 thisisthejob theylaughedat a whichb asc itd who2 beihaiparkisabeautifulpark builtabout300yearsago a wherewasb thatwerec whichwasd where3 whowasthegrey hairedman atyesterday smeeting a wesawhimb wesawc wesawwhod shewasseen4 theman ispaintingthehouseismyuncle a heb whomc whosed who5 whatistheanimal babyissleepinginitspocket a whob whosec itsd which6 thisbookisforthestudents nativelanguageisn tenglish a thatb ofwhomc whosed who s7 therobbersshouted handsup i llshootanyone moves a whomb thatc whod whose8 thedictionary hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful a whichb forwhichc onwhichd aboutwhich9theboy parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow a whoseb whoc hisd 10 theman issmokingisatailor a whomb whoc whichd what a c b d b c c a a b 11 whichanimalisyourfavourite theone hasalongneck a whichb thatc itd who12 isthisthefactory producescolourtvsets a whatb c whichd where13 thehighbuilding isabighotel a thatheislookingb whichheislookingc wearelookingatd atthatwearelooking14isthereanyone cananswerthisquestion a whichb whomc whod he15 intheafternoonwe llvisitthehighschool isveryfamoushere a whichb wherec itd 16 thefox thechickenswerekilledwasshot a thatb whichc forthatd bywhich17 thecomputer canstorealotofinformationiswidelyusedtoday a inwhichb thatc withwhichd where18 isthisthebookstore youvisitedyesterday a thatb wherec inwhichd theone19 yesterdaytheysawthemanandthedog ranaftereachotherontheroad a whob whichc thatd as20 shanghaiistheplacein hewasborn a whichb whatc whosed that b c c c a d b a c a 21 doyouknowtheman ispaintingthehouse ofcourse he smyuncle a whomb whoc whichd whose22 thehospital wasbuiltlastyearwillopensoon a whereb whichc whod 23 thisistheelephant leftearwasshot a whob thatc itsd whose24 thehospital hisfatherworksinisanewone a thatb inthatc inwhichd where26 theman watchwasstolenistalkingtothepolice a hisb whoc who sd whose27theknife icuttheapple can tbefound a which inb which withc that byd that for28 whohastakenthedictionary coverisbroken a whichb thatc whod whose29 whoisthegirlto youjustnowtalked a whob whomc thatd whose30 thisisthebook i mlookingfor a b whichc thatd alltheabove b b d a d b d b d 31thisistheonlybook iboughtlastyear a whichb thatc whatd bothaandb32 all i mgoingtodoisgood a thatb whichc whatd bothaandb33 thebuilding roofwecanseeisahospital a whoseb whichc who sd atwhich34 thisisthebestbook ihaveread a thatb whichc whatd bothaandb35 thisistheschool iworkedsevenyearsago a inwhichb inthatc whichd that36 allthebooks iputonthedeskareyours a thatb whichc whatd bothaandb37 it squitedifferentfrom isawlastmouth a whichb theonecthatd theonewhat38 isthistheriver icanswim a whichb thatc inwhichd theone39 watchtheoldladyandherdog arecrossingthestreet a whichb thatc whod they40 canyoulendmethedictionary theotherday a thatyouboughtb youboughtitc thatyouboughtitd whichyouboughtit b a a a a a b c b a 41 thechurch wesawbytheriverwasbuiltacenturyago a whereb whichc whatd inwhich42 doyouknowwhoislivinginthathouse windowsfacesouth a whoseb whichcwhichofd its43 anyone withwhatisaidmayputupyouhands a whichagreesb whoagreec whoagreesd whichagree44thisisthelasttime i llgiveyoualesson a whenb thatc whatd as45 idon tthinkthenumberofpeople thishappensisverylarge a whob towhomc towhichd that46 hereisthedress intheshopwindow a yousawitb thatyousawitc thatsawitd yousaw47 iwastheonlypersoninmyoffice wasinvited a whob whomcwhichd what48 theman hairisyellowisthethief a whob whosec thatd which49 thisisthemostbeautifulbird ihaveeverseen a whichb thatc whod whose50 thepersonto youtalkedisourmathsteacher a whichb whosec thatd whom b a c a b b d b b d 根據(jù)漢語完成句子 1 thisistheengineer 給我們作關于計算機報告的 theotherday 2 mynecklaceisnot 唯一不見的東西 3 theman 在這間房子里工作的 isachemist 4 theoldbuilding 我們住的 hasbeenherefor30years 5 thehistorybook 封皮是黃的 waslost 6 heristhepen 你昨天丟失的 7 thisisthebestbook 我讀過的 8 ihavelostthepen 我父親給我買的 9 wheatisaplant 中國北方種植的 10 idon tlikethepeople 說得多可做得少的 whogaveusatalkaboutcomputers theonlythingthat smissing whoworksintheroom that which welivein whosecoverisyellow that youlostyesterday that ihaveread which that myfatherboughtme which thatisgrowninthenorthofchina whotalktoomuchbutdolittle 歷屆高考定語從句單選題精選1 hisparentswouldn tlethimmarryanyone familywaspoor a ofwhomb whomc ofwhosed whose 89 2 sheheardaterriblenoise broughtherheartintohermouth a itb whichc thisd that 91 3 inthedarkstreet therewasn tasingleperson shec