陳琦 戈弋GRE長(zhǎng)難句300例unit 13.doc

1. Although some experiments show that, as an object becomes familiar, its internal representation becomes more holistic and that the recognition process becomes correspondingly more parallel, the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis, at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar.雖然一些實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，當(dāng)人們對(duì)某一物體熟悉之后，這個(gè)物體在內(nèi)心中的形象變得更加完整，相應(yīng)的對(duì)其的認(rèn)知過(guò)程也更趨于平行，但是似乎有更重要的證據(jù)能夠證明辯識(shí)過(guò)程是一系列的假說(shuō)，至少對(duì)于不是特別簡(jiǎn)單或者熟悉的物體而言。2. As a representative system in which elected officials both determine government policy and elected officials are accountable to a broad-based electorate, polyarchy reinforce a diffusion of power away from any single center and a diffusion of power toward a variety of individuals, groups, and organizations.多元民主政治制度是一種代議制體制，在這個(gè)體制中，被選出來(lái)的官員不僅制定了政策，還要對(duì)廣泛的選民負(fù)責(zé)。多元民主政治制度加強(qiáng)了權(quán)力從單一的中心向四周的擴(kuò)散，并且使得權(quán)力流向不同的個(gè)人、團(tuán)體和組織。3. Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of lawnotwithstanding, of course, a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactments are concernedthat its study is indispensible in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena.就主題和積極立法而言，伊斯蘭法律不可避免的與其他法律存在著眾多的相同之處。盡管如此，伊斯蘭法律與其他所有形式的法律差異很大，為了盡可能的充分理解所有可能的法律現(xiàn)象的各個(gè)方面，對(duì)它的研究是必不可少的。4. The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found in oceanic islands, island believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle, are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle.這個(gè)既定事實(shí)最足以支撐地幔分層說(shuō)：地層地幔上升形成了地幔柱狀，地幔柱狀又形成了一些海島，這些海島上的火山巖的成分完全不同于中部海脊的成分。大部分地質(zhì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，中部海脊主要來(lái)源于上層地幔。5. In order to understand the nature of ecologists investigation, we may think of the density-dependent effects on growth parameters as the “signal” that ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret, one that trends to make the population increase from relatively low values or that trends to make the population decrease from relatively high ones, while the density-independent effects act to produce “noise” in the population dynamics.為了了解生態(tài)學(xué)家研究的實(shí)質(zhì)，我們也許應(yīng)該將關(guān)于增長(zhǎng)參數(shù)的種群密度無(wú)關(guān)的效應(yīng)視為一個(gè)“信號(hào)”，一些生態(tài)學(xué)家正在嘗試分離這個(gè)效應(yīng)，并解釋其中的原因。這個(gè)“信號(hào)”一旦出現(xiàn)，就說(shuō)明種群數(shù)量將會(huì)維持在一個(gè)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的水平，盡管與種群密度無(wú)關(guān)的效應(yīng)將會(huì)使種群數(shù)量出現(xiàn)“異常值”。6. Yet those who stress the achievements of a general consensus among the colonists cannot fully understand that consensus without understanding the conflicts that had to be overcome or that had to be repressed in order to reach it.可是，雖然那些人不斷強(qiáng)調(diào)殖民者之間成功的達(dá)成一項(xiàng)普遍共識(shí)，但是如果他們不明白為了達(dá)成這項(xiàng)共識(shí)就必須客服或者壓制殖民者之間的沖突，那么他們就不能完全明白這項(xiàng)共識(shí)的意義。7. But the plays complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity as compatible is no more “contradictory” than Du Bois famous, well-considered ideal of ethnic self-awareness coexisting with human unity, or the plays complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity as compatible is no more “contradictory” than Fanons emphasis on an ideal internationalism that also accommodates national identities and roles.但是，這出戲觀點(diǎn)復(fù)雜，認(rèn)為黑人的自尊意識(shí)與人類團(tuán)結(jié)是可以相容的；Du Bois 著名的、深思熟慮的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為族群的自我意識(shí)與人類團(tuán)結(jié)是可以共存；Fanon 不斷強(qiáng)調(diào)理想中的國(guó)際主義應(yīng)該也可以包含民族身份和角色。這三個(gè)觀點(diǎn)都是不“矛盾的”。8. And Walzer advocates as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality “the abolition of the money outside its sphere”.Walzer認(rèn)為，“阻止金錢在其領(lǐng)域之外產(chǎn)生作用”就可以消滅暴政并恢復(fù)真正的平等。9. The Italian influence is likely, whatever Valdezs immediate source is: the Mexican carpas themselves are said to have originated from the theater pieces of a sixteenth-century Spanish writer inspired by encounters with Italian commedia dellarte troupes on tour in Spain.無(wú)論Valdez 的直接來(lái)源是什么，他都有可能受到了意大利的影響：據(jù)說(shuō)墨西哥的carpas戲劇來(lái)源于16世紀(jì)西班牙某作家的戲劇作品。該作家從在西班牙巡演的意大利commedia dellarte演出團(tuán)那里得到了靈感，從而寫出了這部戲劇作品。10. The broad language of the amendment strongly suggests that its framer were proposing to write into the Constitution not a laundry list of specific civil rights but a principle of equal citizenship that forbids organized society from treating any individual as a member of an inferior class.修正案言辭寬泛，這強(qiáng)烈暗示了立法者并不是試圖將一系列具體的權(quán)寫入憲法，而是試圖將保證每位公民都享有相同的公民權(quán)這條原則寫進(jìn)憲法，這可以禁止有組織的社會(huì)將任何個(gè)人當(dāng)做下等階級(jí)中的成員來(lái)對(duì)待。11. This was largely due to the enterprise of Watteaus friends who, soon after his death, organized the printing of engraved reproductions of the great bulk of his workboth his paintings and his drawingsso that Watteaus total artistic output became and continued to be more accessible than that of any other artists until the twentieth-century advent of art monographs illustrated with photographs.這在很大程度上是由于Watteau的朋友們的進(jìn)取精神。他們?cè)赪atteau去世之后，就馬上組織大批量印刷Watteau的版畫(huà)復(fù)制品，其中包括他的油畫(huà)和素描畫(huà)。因此，相較于其它任何一位藝術(shù)家，Watteau的所有藝術(shù)作品變得更易被大眾接受，并且在20世紀(jì)配有照片的藝術(shù)專題著作到來(lái)之前一直如此。12. This is not because such an interpretation necessarily stiffens into a thesis (although rigidity in any interpretation of this or any interpretation of any novel is always a danger), but because Wuthering Heights has recalcitrant elements of undeniable power that, ultimately, resist inclusion in an all-encompassing interpretation.并不是因?yàn)檫@樣一種解釋一定會(huì)僵化成一種理論，（雖然這部小說(shuō)或者任何一部小說(shuō)僵硬化的解釋都不可?。?，而是因?yàn)楹魢[山莊中有許多不順從的元素，這些元素具有不容否認(rèn)的力量，使得那些試圖囊括一切的解釋無(wú)力解釋呼嘯山莊。13. Even the “radical” critiques of this mainstream research model, such as the critique developed in Divided Society, attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and the “radical” critiques are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.即使是像分裂的社會(huì)那樣對(duì)主流研究模型進(jìn)行“激進(jìn)”批判，這些“激進(jìn)”批判也機(jī)械的將種群之間相互融合歸因于經(jīng)濟(jì)變動(dòng)與社會(huì)流動(dòng)。因此，這類批評(píng)無(wú)法解釋為什么波多黎各人作為殖民地的少數(shù)民族，處于文化附屬地位。14. While Humes history was generally seen as being less objectionable as his philosophy, there were widespread doubts about his moral soundness even as a historian by the time that Hanway was writing, and Gibbons perceived tendency to celebr