初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法幾大基本時(shí)態(tài)講與練（5）.docx

初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法幾大基本時(shí)態(tài)講與練（5）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?？梢詮膬蓚€(gè)方面來(lái)理解：1 過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。E.g. They were playing football at ten oclock yesterday morning. My mother was cooking when I got home. I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday. 2 過(guò)去某階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在復(fù)合句中，若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去形式was/were +v-ing.其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class.We werent working in class. Were you working in class?過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與過(guò)去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有時(shí)沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，要通過(guò)上下文的暗示來(lái)確定用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.做題時(shí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤如下：一、易把be+現(xiàn)在分詞記成be+過(guò)去分詞例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.答案：was talking解析：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上。二、丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.2 They were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday.答案：1 was watching 2 were playing解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“be+現(xiàn)在分詞,缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應(yīng)用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。三、對(duì)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問(wèn)時(shí)丟掉doing例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?答案：What were you doing at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“Whatdoing”?句式同樣適用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。四、易與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)弄混例：My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.答案：was cooking解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，但現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是現(xiàn)在，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是過(guò)去，由when I got home可看出前提是過(guò)去。五、易與一般過(guò)去時(shí)弄混例：昨晚我在讀一本故事書。I read (read) a story book yesterday evening.答案：was reading解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都用于表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，它表示的動(dòng)作往往已經(jīng)完成。“在”說(shuō)明正在進(jìn)行，而“I read a story book yesterday evening.”的意思是昨晚我讀了一本故事書，言下之意已經(jīng)讀完了。故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。另外，在賓語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句若是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，需變成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。e.g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday.自我檢測(cè)：（一）、單選1 What _ from three to four yesterday afternoon?A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing2 I call you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.- Oh., Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.A home B had C was having D have had3 My mother _ while my father _TV.A cooked; was watching B was cooking; was watchingC was cooked; watched D cooked; watched4 When I got home, my son _ the music.A am listening to B listened to C was listening to D was listening5 We heard a cry when we _ TV last night.A were watching B would watch C watch D watched6 She asked him whether he _ back for lunch.A come B was coming C came D had come7 Could you tell me when _?A she is coming B she was coming C will be come D is he coming8 The teacher _ when I came into the classroom.A is drawing B draws C has drawn D was drawing9 The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A makes B was making C made D was made10 Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A will do B was doing C has done D had done11 Was it raining hard when you _ this morning?A left B leaves C was leaving D would leave參考答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 D 10 B 11 A（二）、填空1 _ they_ (feed) the animals at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?2 Mrs.Green _ _ (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.3 Grandpa _ _ (mend) his clock when I reached home.4 As I _ (walk) in the park, I saw some children playing games.參考答案：1 were feeding 2 wasnt washing 3 was mending 4 was walking初中英語(yǔ)57個(gè)中考必備句型1 as soon as2 asas3 asas possible4 ask sb. for sth.5 ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth.7 be afraid of doing/that8 be busy doing sth.9 be famous/late/ready/sorry for10 be glad that11 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tellsth. to sb.12 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sb. sth.13 eitheror14 enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on doing sth.15 find it + adj to do sth.16 get + 比較級(jí)17 get ready for/get sth. ready18 had better (not) do sth.19 help sb. (to) do/help sb.with20 I dont think that 21 I would like to /Would you like to?22 is one of the + 最高級(jí) + n(pl.)23 It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.24 It is a good idea to do sth.25 It is the second + 最高級(jí) +n.26 It looks like /It sounds like 27 It seems to sb. that28 It sounds +adj. /It looks +adj.29 It takes sb some time. to do sth.30 Its bad/good for31 Its time for/to do sth. 32 Its two meters (years) long (high, old).33 keep sb. doing34 keep/make sth. +adj.35 like to do / like doing36 make / let sb.(not) do sth.37 neithernor38 notat all39 notuntil40 Onethe other/Some others41 preferto42 see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.43 sothat44 spendon /(in) doing sth.45 stop to do /stop doing46 such a +adj. +n.