高考攻略READING科技前沿.doc

科技前沿ANALYZE【專題介紹】反映科技前沿內(nèi)容的說明文一般來說主要介紹人工智能產(chǎn)品和其他的高科技產(chǎn)品，展示這類產(chǎn)品給生活帶來的便利以及可能給我們的生活帶來的變化。這類文章的選材一般力求新穎，符合學(xué)生探究新事物的心理，對學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性思維的培養(yǎng)具有一定的啟迪作用。熱點題材有:1 介紹人工智能產(chǎn)品。如蛇形機(jī)器人的研究和應(yīng)用 (山東2006 E篇)；2 介紹其他高科技產(chǎn)品或者項目。如2005年浙江卷的D篇介紹一種新型的智能觸摸屏裝置；2007年山東卷的E篇介紹了一種新型的應(yīng)用高科技來監(jiān)督孩子們鍛煉身體的減肥運動鞋；而2008年江西卷的E篇則是對太空旅館的介紹?！緫?yīng)考策略】這類文章的體裁主要為科普說明文。高考對科普說明文的考查是閱讀理解的重要考點，也是難點?？破照f明文著重揭示自然界的潛在奧秘、生物生存背景和產(chǎn)品工藝原理，多含解釋性、定義性、說明性長句，甚至可能會出現(xiàn)多種從句疊現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，因此閱讀科普說明文時同學(xué)們一定要保持冷靜，始終以平靜的心態(tài)閱讀原文，解答試題。同時應(yīng)認(rèn)真分析長句句子結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系，這樣才能對其做出準(zhǔn)確理解?！靖呖挤独?Most people, when they travel to space, would like to stay in orbit for a few days or more. And this stands to reason, if youre paying $20,000 for your trip to orbit! So in order for tourism to reach its full potential theres going to be a need for orbital accommodation or space hotels. What would a space hotel actually be like to visit? Hotels in orbit will offer the services you expect from a hotel private rooms, meals, bars. But theyll also offer two unique experiences: impressive views of Earth and space and the endless entertainment of living in zero gravity including sports and other activities that make use of this.The hotels themselves will vary greatly from being quite simple in the early days to huge luxury structures at a later date. Its actually surprising that as late as 1997, very few designs for space hotels were published. This is mainly because those who might be expected to design them havent expected launch costs to come down far enough to make them possible. Lots of people whove been to space have described vividly what its like to live in zero gravity. There are obviously all sorts of possibilities for dancing, gymnastics, and zero-G sports. Luckily, you dont need to sleep much living in zero gravity, so youll have plenty of time for relaxing by hanging out in a bar with a window looking down at the turning Earth below. Of course all good things have come to an end, unfortunately. And so after a few days youll find yourself heading back though youll be much more expert at exercising in zero gravity than you were when you arrived. Youll be thinking how soon you can save up enough to get back up again or maybe you should change jobs to get to work in an orbiting hotel.1. When traveling in space, most people would like to stay in orbit for a few days because _. A. it is expensive to travel in spaceB. they would find the possible life in other star systemsC. they could enjoy the luxury of space hotelsD. they want to realize the full potential of tourism2. Which of the following is a unique experience that space hotels will offer?A. The gravitational pull. B. The special views.C. The relaxation in a bar. D. The space walk.3. Which of the following is NOT discussed in the passage?A. When was the space traveling made possible?B. What are the unique experiences that space hotels will offer?C. Why were there not many published designs for space hotels?D. How can the travelers enjoy themselves in space hotels?4. This passage is mainly about _.A. traveling in spaceB. the ways of living in space hotelsC. zero gravity and space hotelsD. the description of space hotels(江西2008)【閱讀賞析】本文的題材較為獨特太空旅館。第一段介紹了建立太空旅館的必要性及其特點；第二段介紹了太空旅館的發(fā)展；第三段介紹在太空旅館中的娛樂活動和生活體驗；最后一段說明從太空返回后的感受。【答案解析】1. A。第一段開頭告訴我們大多數(shù)人想在太空多逗留幾日是合乎情理的(And this stands to reason)，因為畢竟太空旅行的費用很高。故選 A。2. B。由第一段可知除了通常的旅館中的設(shè)施外，太空旅館的獨特體驗在于觀賞美景（impressive views）和進(jìn)行失重條件下的娛樂活動(entertainment of living in zero gravity)。故選B。3. A。第一段最后一句介紹太空旅館的獨特之處，排除B；第二段最后一句敘述太空旅館設(shè)計不多的原因，排除C；第三段敘述在太空旅館可以如何從事休閑娛樂，排除D。唯獨沒有提及A項的內(nèi)容。4. D。本文并沒有講述太空旅行的方方面面，而是聚焦于對太空旅館的詳細(xì)介紹，故選D。PRACTICE閱讀下列短文，從每題所給出的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。AWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology(生物技術(shù)). With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Todays leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells (細(xì)胞) are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs(器官). The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.1. According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by _.A. diseases and aging B. accidents and warC. accidents and aging D. heart disease and war2. In the authors opinion, todays most important advance in technology lies in _.A. medicine B. the Internet C. brain cells D. human organs3. Humans may live longer in the future because _.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine4. We can learn from the passage that _.A. human life will not last more than 120 years in the futureB. humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells nowC. much needs to be done before humans can have a longer lifeD. we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells(遼寧2007)BIf you own a car in a big city, chances are that your car radio has already been stolen, or soon will be. Maybe even the car itself. The theft of car radio and car itself is a common crime in the United States: more than 1 million cars and many more radios are pilfered every year and the numbers are rising. Traditional car alarms, with the wailing sirens (尖嘯報警器), simply arent an effective device because a professional thief can steal a car or radio in seconds, long before car owners or police respond to an alarm.To help solve the problem, a Stockholm company, Ultrapro, has developed what is called an almost foolproof antitheft system. The product is designed to prevent the would-be thieves from breaking into cars, but it also includes a shocking surprise for those who do that. The system, which was tested for a year, is both mechanical (機(jī)械的) and electrical in its operation. Its locks cannot open from the outside. A thief must either use heavy tools to pry (撬) open a door, which takes precious time and would be obvious to passers-by or police, or smash a window and climb inside.If a thief should smash a window or pry open a car door, he will be the center of attention, because the car horn will begin blaring (發(fā)出響而刺耳的聲音) and its lights flashing. If he goes on, and sits down on the front seat, an unseen threat is waiting a 9,000 volt electric shock in the seat of his pants. The shock will not seriously harm the thief but should frighten him to leave at once.1. In the first paragraph, the underlined word “pilfered” could be best replaced by “_”.A. damaged B. stolenC. licen