美國總統(tǒng)在聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會的講話(已打印).doc

2009年12月18日，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在哥本哈根聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會發(fā)表講話，闡述美國在氣候變化問題上的立場和采取的行動。以下是講話的全文：Remarks at Copenhagen Summit on Climate Changeby the U.S.President Barack Obama Copenhagen, DenmarkDecember 18, 2009美國總統(tǒng)在聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會的講話丹麥，哥本哈根2009年12月18日Good morning. It is an honor for me to join this distinguished group of leaders from nations around the world. We come here in Copenhagen because climate change poses a grave and growing danger to our people. All of you would not be here unless you like me were convinced that this danger is real. This is not fiction, it is science. Unchecked, climate change will pose unacceptable risks to our security, our economies, and our planet. This much we know.早上好。十分榮幸能與世界各國尊貴的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人匯聚一堂。我們來到哥本哈根，是因為氣候變化對各國人民構(gòu)成的嚴(yán)重威脅與日俱增。諸位如果不相信這一危險確實存在，你們同我一樣都不會來到這里。這不是憑空虛構(gòu)，這是科學(xué)。如果不加以制止，氣候變化就將對我們的安全、我們的經(jīng)濟和我們的地球構(gòu)成不可接受的危險。對此我們都了然于胸。The question, then, before us is no longer the nature of the challenge - the question is our capacity to meet it. For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now, and it hangs in the balance.因此，我們面臨的問題不再是這一挑戰(zhàn)的性質(zhì)，而是我們應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn)的能力。因為盡管氣候變化的現(xiàn)實已無庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注視著我們的時候，我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在我們共同采取行動的能力還難以確定。這個問題事關(guān)生死存亡。I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat. Thats why I come here today not to talk, but to act. (Applause.)我相信面對這一共同威脅，我們能夠采取勇敢、果斷的行動。這就是我為什么來到這里的原因不是為了高談闊論，而是為了付諸行動。（掌聲）Now, as the worlds largest economy and as the worlds second largest emitter, America bears our responsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility. Thats why weve renewed our leadership within international climate change negotiations. Thats why weve worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies. Thats why weve taken bold action at home by making historic investments in renewable energy; by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings; and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy.作為全世界最大的經(jīng)濟體和排放量名列第二的國家，美國在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面有自己的一份責(zé)任，我們準(zhǔn)備盡這份責(zé)任。這就是為什么我們重新在國際氣候變化談判中發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用的原因。這就是為什么我們與其他國家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料補貼的原因。這就是為什么我們在國內(nèi)采取果敢行動的原因?qū)稍偕茉催M行前所未有的投資；要求我國相關(guān)人員努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；并爭取通過綜合立法向清潔能源經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)化。These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities. We are convinced, as some of you may be convinced, that changing the way we produce and use energy is essential to Americas economic future that it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation. Were convinced, for our own self-interest, that the way we use energy, changing it to a more efficient fashion, is essential to our national security, because it helps to reduce our dependence on foreign oil, and helps us deal with some of the dangers posed by climate change.這些減排行動意義深遠(yuǎn)。我們采取這些行動不僅是為了履行全球責(zé)任。我們相信或許你們有些人也相信改變我們生產(chǎn)和使用能源的方式對美國經(jīng)濟的未來必不可少。這樣做將創(chuàng)造數(shù)以百萬計新的就業(yè)崗位，為新興行業(yè)提供動力，保持我們的競爭能力并激發(fā)新的創(chuàng)新。我們深信，為了我們的自身利益，我們使用能源的方式，使之向提高效率的方向轉(zhuǎn)換，對我們的國家安全必不可少，因為這樣做有助于減少我們對外來石油的依賴，也有助于應(yīng)對氣候變化構(gòu)成的某些危險。So I want this plenary session to understand, America is going to continue on this course of action to mitigate our emissions and to move towards a clean energy economy, no matter what happens here in Copenhagen. We think it is good for us, as well as good for the world. But we also believe that we will all be stronger, all be safer, all be more secure if we act together. Thats why it is in our mutual interest to achieve a global accord in which we agree to certain steps, and to hold each other accountable to certain commitments.因此，我希望本次全會的與會者知道，無論哥本哈根大會的結(jié)果如何，美國將繼續(xù)采取這一行動方針，減少我們的排放，向清潔能源經(jīng)濟的目標(biāo)前進。我們認(rèn)為，這對我們本身有利，也對全世界有利。然而，我們也認(rèn)為，如果我們能共同采取行動，我們大家都會更強大，更安全，更有保障。正因為如此，達成一項各方都同意采取某些步驟并相互要求對某些承諾負(fù)責(zé)的全球性協(xié)議，符合我們的共同利益。After months of talk, after two weeks of negotiations, after innumerable side meetings, bilateral meetings, endless hours of discussion among negotiators, I believe that the pieces of that accord should now be clear.經(jīng)過幾個月的討論，經(jīng)過兩個星期的談判，經(jīng)過大量會外的會談、雙邊會晤和談判人員日以繼夜的磋商，我相信這項協(xié)議各個方面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該已經(jīng)很明確。First, all major economies must put forward decisive national actions that will reduce their emissions, and begin to turn the corner on climate change. Im pleased that many of us have already done so. Almost all the major economies have put forward legitimate targets, significant targets, ambitious targets. And Im confident that America will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emissions in the range of 17 percent by 2020, and by more than 80 percent by 2050 in line with final legislation.首先，所有的主要經(jīng)濟體必須提出明確的國家行動減少各自的排放量，著手在氣候變化問題上開創(chuàng)新局面。令我高興的是，我們已經(jīng)有很多國家這樣做了。幾乎所有的主要經(jīng)濟體都已提出合理的目標(biāo)，重大的目標(biāo)，意義深遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)。我堅信，美國將履行已經(jīng)做出的承諾：到2020年減排17%，到2050年減排80%以上，使之符合最后通過的法案。Second, we must have a mechanism to review whether we are keeping our commitments, and exchange this information in a transparent manner. These measures need not be intrusive, or infringe upon sovereignty. They must, however, ensure that an accord is credible, and that were living up to our obligations. Without such accountability, any agreement would be empty words on a page.第二，我們必須建立一種機制審查我們是否信守自己的承諾，并以透明的方式交流這方面的信息。這些措施不必具有干預(yù)性，無需涉及主權(quán)。但這些措施必須確保達成的協(xié)議言而有信，確保我們都在履行自己的義務(wù)。沒有這種問責(zé)制度，任何協(xié)議都只是一紙空文。I dont know how you have an international agreement where we all are not sharing information and ensuring that we are meeting our commitments. That doesnt make sense. It would be a hollow victory.令我無法想象的是，對于達成的國際協(xié)議，各方可以不共享信息，也不保證履行各自的承諾。這種協(xié)議簡直毫無意義，只能是徒有虛名。Number three, we must have financing that helps developing countries adapt, particularly the least developed and most vulnerable countries to climate change. America will be a part of fast-start funding that will ramp up to $10 billion by 2012. And yesterday, Secretary Hillary Clinton, my Secretary of State, made it clear that we will engage in a global effort to mobilize $100 billion in financing by 2020, if and only if it is part of a broader accord that I have just described. 第三，我們必須籌集資金，幫助發(fā)展中國家適應(yīng)氣候變化，特別是那些最不發(fā)達和最容易受氣候變化影響的國家。美國將參與一項快速啟動融資項目。到2012年，該項目將籌集100億美元。昨天，國務(wù)卿希拉里克林頓明確表示，我們將參與全球行動，到2020年籌集1,000億美元資金，前提是只有在這個前提下這項計劃必須納入我剛才談到的更全面的協(xié)議。Mitigation. Transparency. Financing. Its a clear formula one that embraces the principle of common but differentiated responses and respective capabilities. And it adds up to a significant accord - one that takes us farther than we have ever gone before as an international community.減排。透明。融資。這是一個明確的方案其原則是，共同應(yīng)對，措施有別，各盡其能。所有這些構(gòu)筑了一個重要的協(xié)議可以讓我們的國際社會取得前所未有的進展。I just want to say to this plenary session that we are running short on time. And at this point, the question is whether we will move forward together or split apart, whether we prefer posturing to action. Im sure that many consider this an imperfect framework that I just described. No country will get everything that it wants. There are those developing countries that want aid with no strings attached, and no obligations with respect to transparency. They think that the most advanced nations should pay a higher price; I understand that. There are those advanced nations who think that developing countries either cannot absorb this assistance, or that will not be held accountable effectively, and that the worlds fastest-growing emitters should bear a greater share of the burden.在這次全會上，我只想說，我們的時間所剩無幾。在這個關(guān)頭，問題在于我們是共同奮進，還是分道揚鑣；我們是故作姿態(tài)，還是身體力行。我相信，許多人認(rèn)為我剛才講述的框架并不完美。任何國家都不可能得到自己希望的一切。有些發(fā)展中國家想得到援助，又不想滿足任何條件，不想承擔(dān)保持透明的義務(wù)。他們認(rèn)為最發(fā)達的國家應(yīng)該付出更高的代價；我理解這一點。有些發(fā)達國家則認(rèn)為發(fā)展中國家或者沒有能力利用這些援助，或者無法有效地承擔(dān)責(zé)任，因此世界上增長最快的排放國應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更大的責(zé)任。We know the fault lines because weve been imprisoned by them for years. These international discussions have essentially taken place now for almost two decades, and we have very little to show for it other than an increased acceleration of the climate change phenomenon. The time for talk is over. This is the bottom line: We can embrace this accord, take a substantial step forward, continue to refine it and build upon its foundation. We can do that, and everyone who is in this room will be part of a historic endeavor one that makes life better for our children and our grandchildren.我們知道存在這些分歧，因為我們已經(jīng)多年受這些分歧的制約。這樣的國際討論到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)進行了幾乎20年，除了氣候變化現(xiàn)象的加速，我們沒有取得什么結(jié)果?？照勗摻Y(jié)束了。我們的底線是：我們接受這個協(xié)議，向前邁出實質(zhì)性的一步，繼續(xù)使之完善，在這個基礎(chǔ)上再接再勵。我們能夠這樣做。在座的每一位都能親身參與這項前所未有的事業(yè)為了改善我們子孫萬代的生活。Or we can choose delay, falling back into the same divisions that have stood in the way of action for years. And we will be back having the same stale arguments month after month, year after year, perhaps decade after decade, all while the danger of climate change