2018陜西中考英語試題答案和解析.doc

.2018年陜西省初中畢業(yè)學業(yè)考試（英語）聽小對話，讀兩遍，請根據(jù)每段對話的內(nèi)容和后面的問題，從A、B、C三個選項中選出正確的選項。1. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.【答案】C2. A. Its blue. B. Its green. C. Its black.【答案】A3. A. To the hospital. B. To the bank. C. To the school.【答案】B4. A. Noodles. B. Rice C. Dumplings.【答案】C5. A. To go climbing. B. To watch TV. C. To stay at home.【答案】A6. A. A listening test. B. A reading test. C. A writing test.【答案】B7. A. Its sunny. B. Its cloudy. C. Its rainy.【答案】A8. A. Its Monday. B. Its Sunday. C. Its Wednesday.【答案】C9. A. The sports club. B. The art club. C. The music club.【答案】C10. A. An actor. B. A player. C. A singer.【答案】A聽下面兩段對話，每段對話后有幾道小題，請根據(jù)每段對話的內(nèi)容和后面的問題，從所給的三個選項中選出最恰當?shù)囊豁棥Ｃ慷螌υ捵x兩遍。Who is out?A. Sam.B. Mary.C. John.【答案】CWhat is the message?A. To buy a bag in the afternoon.B. To call back in the afternoon.C. To go back in the afternoon.【答案】BWhats wrong with the girl?A. She has a headache.B. She has a toothache.C. She has a stomachache.【答案】CWhat did the girl have for supper?A. Dumplings and some fruit.B. Ice creams and watermelon.C. A hamburger and some fish.【答案】BHow often will the girl take the medicine?A. Three times a day.B. Twice a day.C. Once a day.【答案】A本題你將聽到一篇短文，讀兩遍 ，請從每個小題的三個選項中，選出最恰當?shù)囊豁?。Who went for a holiday with Zhang Yuan last summer?A. His friends.B. His parents.C. His classmates.【答案】BMost of the time, the town was very .A. popularB. peacefulC. noisy【答案】BHow old was the lady in the town?A. She was 97.B. She was 76.C. She was 79.【答案】CThe lady had a in the town.A. hotelB. shopC. restaurant【答案】BIn the passage, She was content with her life there means she was with her life there.A. happyB. sadC. surprised【答案】A閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文連貫完整。One day, David and his friends talked about who their closest 1 were. When it was his turn, he said, My best friend is Amy, 2 81-year-old woman living in Florida.Their friendship came 3 a game. In the game, David and Amy were on the same team. After this game, they became good friends. David even told her about his dream of music.However, life was hard for David at that time. He hardly 4 time or money to play music. Most of the time, he had to work in a restaurant. He felt that his dream was hopeless(無望的 ). 5 he almost lost heart, Amy gave him lots of help and supported his dream. Two years later, he decided 6 to New York for his dream. There he held his first concert successfully.After the concert, a famous reporter in New York heard of their story. He wanted to know what 7 . So he flew to Florida to interview her. To his surprise, the friendship between Amy and David was 8 than he could imagine.Later, many people 9 by this story. But Amy thought it was nothing. She said, As friends, we 10 give a hand when they need.1. A. friend B. classmate C. friends D. classmates2. A. the B. / C. aD. an3. A. below B. fromC. toD. at4. A. will have B. has had C. have D. had5. A. WhenB. BeforeC. UnlessD. If6. A. go B. to goC. goingD. gone7. A. is Amy like B. Amy is likeC. Amy was like D. was Amy like8. A. more beautiful B. beautiful C. beautifully D. the most beautiful9. A. was moved B. were movedC. is movedD. are moved10. A. cantB. mustntC. shouldD. would 【答案】CDBDA BCABC1. 本題考查名詞的單復數(shù)以及上下文理解。根據(jù)設(shè)空后的were可先排除A和B；再結(jié)合下文中的My best friend可知， David和他的朋友談?wù)摰氖撬麄冏钣H密的朋友是誰，故所缺的詞是 friends。2.本題考查冠詞的用法。David說的是“我最好的朋友是Amy”，她是居住在佛羅里達州的一位8l歲的老婦人。表示一位要用不定冠詞，先排除A和B；81yearold以元音音素開頭，其前要用不定冠詞an。3本題考查介詞的用法。句意：他們的友誼來自一個游戲。表示“來自”要用 come from，故所缺的介詞是from。4本題考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文的時態(tài)可知，此處要用一般過去時。5本題考查連詞的用法。根據(jù)上下文可推斷，當他幾乎灰心的時候，Amy給了他很多幫助，并支持了他的夢想。表示當?shù)臅r候要用連詞When。6本題考查固定搭配。 decide to do sth意為決定做某事，為固定搭配。7本題考查賓語從句的用法。句意：他想知道Amy是什么樣的人。賓語從句要用陳述語序，先排除A和D；再結(jié)合一般過去時的時態(tài)可知答案為C。8本題考查比較級的用法。根據(jù) than he could imagine可知要用比較級，故應(yīng)用 more beautiful。9本題考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：后來，許多人被這個故事感動了。根據(jù)主語 many people可先排除A和C，再結(jié)合一般過去時的時態(tài)可知答案為B。10本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。Amy說的是作為朋友，我們應(yīng)該在他們需要（幫助）的時候伸出援手，表示“應(yīng)該”要用should。閱讀下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文連貫完整。Since my mother moved to live with us in the city, she has been much heavier than before. As time went by, her health got 1 . So I had to take her to see a 2 . My mother was told to lose weight by doing exercise every day. She had no choice but to follow 3 the doctor said. I told her that I would exercise with her every morning.On the first morning, she got up very early 4 ran with me in our neighborhood. I tried to run slowly so that she could follow me. After 5 for some minutes, I told her the proper ways of exercise and the importance of eating healthy food. She listened to me carefully. It made me 6 that she told me everything very patiently when I was a kid. On the second morning, I praised her for keeping running with me.But after two weeks, she wanted to 7 running because she thought the two-week exercise didnt work at all. To encourage her, I taught her how to use the facilities (設(shè)施 ) for exercise in our 8 . She began to exercise again.With my help, it 9 her one month to develop a good habit of daily exercise. Thank you, my dear daughter. Exercise brings health and happiness to me. I will 10 worry about my health. Her words touched my heart deeply. I felt happy to make a big difference to my mothers life.1. A. worseB. thinnerC. betterD. stronger2. A. teacher B. waiter C. doctor D. nurse3. A. whatB. that C. which D. where4. A. so B. but C. and D. or5. A. swimming B. eatingC. playingD. running6. A. act B. expect C. forget D. remember7. A. put upB. give up C. set up D. eat up8. A. school B. neighborhood C. hospitalD. cinema9. A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid10. A. alwaysB. ever C. never D. sometimes【答案】ACACD DBBAC1根據(jù)下文的描述可知，隨著時間的流逝，媽媽的健康狀況變得“更糟糕”了，故所缺的詞是 worse。2結(jié)合上下文可推斷，我不得不帶她去看醫(yī)生，故所缺的詞是 doctor。3句意：她別無選擇只能聽從醫(yī)生的話。此處所缺的詞是what，what the doctor said是賓語從句，其中特殊疑問詞what是said的賓語。4第一天早上，她起得很早，并且和我一起在附近跑步，故所缺的連詞是and。5結(jié)合上下文可推斷，在“跑”了幾分鐘之后，我告訴她鍛煉的正確方式以及吃健康的食物的重要性，故所缺的詞是running。6那使我“記起”小時候她非常耐心地告訴我所有事情，故所缺的詞是 remember。7 put up搭建，張貼；give up放棄；set up成立；eat up吃完。根據(jù)設(shè)空后的“她覺得這兩周的鍛煉沒有什么用”可推斷，她想放棄跑步，故 give up符合文意。8我教她如何使用我們“附近”的運動設(shè)施，故所缺的詞是 neighborhood。9在我的幫助下，她花了一個月的時間養(yǎng)成了每天鍛煉的好習慣。根據(jù)“It takes sb some time to do sth”的句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知答案為A。10媽媽說的是“我不會再為我的健康問題而擔憂了”，故所缺的詞是 never。閱讀下面一篇短文，判斷下列句子是否符合短文內(nèi)容，符合的用“A”表示，不符合的用“B” 表示。Now, it seems that artificial intelligence（人工智能）is becoming more and more popular in our life, and it has greatly influenced the ways we live, work and play. Can you imagine that you can play table tennis with a robot one day?Recently, a scientist has invented a special robot that can be a table tennis coach. That means people can practice table tennis not only with humans but also with a robot.Named Forpheus, the smart table tennis robot is quite special. It can study the movements of human players and the speeds of the ball. In this way, it can exactly judge (判斷) the player skilllevels (水平). Then it uses the informationto change the ways to play. If the player are just beginners, Forpheus will play in a slow and easy way, but if the players are better ones, the robot will play in a faster and more difficult way. Whats more, while playing, it encourages players totry their beat with words like Good job!, Come on! and so on. At the same time, it gives some good advice to improve their skills. So it is both a good partner and a clever coach.Science and technology is developing quickly these days and its hard to imagine what will happen in the future. In the next 20 years, it will be possible that one robot teaches another to play table tennis or even invents another one! Takuoya, the inventor of the robot, said.Artificial intelligence has influenced peoples life in many ways.【答案】AThe robot can judge the skill levels of human players exactly.【答案】AForpheus is the name of the inventor of the robot.【答案】BOne robot will probably teach another to play table tennis in the future.【答案】AThe robot can encourage the human players, but it cant give advice.【答案】B閱讀下面短文，從各小題所給的四個選項中選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的一個最佳答案。Many animals around us are smart. Lets get to know some of them.Dolphins are smarter animals in the sea. Researchers put sea animals to a test. In the test, the researchers made red marks on the animals bodies and took them in front of a mirror. Many sea animals either ran away or fought with the ones in the mirror. However, when the dolphins saw themselves in the mirror, they tried to clean the red marks off their bodies. So the researchers believed that the dolphins knew the ones in the mirror were just themselves.Bees work hard, and they are smart enough to learn something. Researchers found a group of bees and taught them to tell which horizontal line (水平線 ) was higher than the other. If they could find the higher line, they would get sugar as a prize. After training for a period of time, the researchers tested the bees. To their surprise, the bees found the higher horizontal line quickly and got sugar. Instead, when the researchers showed them vertical lines (垂直線), the bees simply flew away, because they knew there was no way to get sugar.Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are very human-like. They can learn fast and well. Researchers showed the numbers from one to nine on the screen. Chimpanzees and some college students were asked to remember where the numbers were after watching the numbers in less than a second. The adult chimpanzees and the college students performed almost the same, but the young chimpanzees performed much better. It was amazing.In the test, the dolphins . Afelt afraid and ran away from the mirrorBtried to fight with the ones in the mirrorCtried to clean the red marks off their bodiesDdidn t find any red marks on their bodies【答案】C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)海豚描述中的“However，when the dolphins saw themselves in the mirror, they tried to clean the red marks off their bodies”可知答案為C。When the bees saw the vertical lines, they . Aflew awayBfound the higher lineCstayed thereDfound the numbers【答案】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)蜜蜂描述中的Instead，when the researchers showed them vertical lines（垂直線）， the bees simply flew away可知答案為A。 performed better in remembering where the numbers were. AThe young chimpanzeesBThe adult studentsCThe old chimpanzeesDThe college students【答案】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑猩猩描述中的but the young chimpanzees performed much better可知答案為A。A person has two ears but only one mouth. That means we should listen, not just speak. The word listen has the same letters as the word silent. Listening silently is a good quality that we should have. Then why is it important to be a good listener?Listening is really helpful.When someone is sad or angry, he wants to express his poor feelings. At this moment, we need to listen silently first until he gets calm (冷靜的). Then we may have a good talk with him. Maybe it is a good way to help him out.Listening is a kind of love.For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much. But in fact, they do so because they are anxious about our health, study and so on. If we listen patiently, our parents will feel we care about them. A loving silence is often more powerful (有力量的) than words.Listening is polite behavior.Sometimes, we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others. In fact, thats not polite. In order to show our respect(尊重) for others, we had better listen to them first. Then we can express our ideas.Listening sounds easy, but its not. Every head is a world. So we should learn to listen with our ears, eyes and hearts as much as we can, and try to make ourselves good listeners from now on.When someone is sad or angry, we should first. Aexpress our poor feelingsBtalk too much with himCtell his parents about itDlisten to him silently【答案】D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Listening is really helpful描述中的When someone is sad or angry we need to listen silently first until he gets calm（冷靜的）可知答案為D。The underlined word anxious here probably means . AworriedBangryCsatisfiedDexcited【答案】A詞義猜測題。畫線的詞是 anxious，結(jié)合上下文可推斷，我們總是覺得父母的話太多，但其實，他們這樣做是因為擔心我們的健康、學習等，由此可知 anxious的含義是擔憂的，故答案為A。Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? AWe should ask others to listen to us first.BWe had better listen to others first.CWe should let others respect us first.DWe should express our ideas first.【答案】B正誤判斷題。根據(jù)Listening is polite behavior描述中的In order to show our respect（尊重） for others，we had better listen to them first可知，選項B是正確的描述。Last month, a common graduation ceremony (畢業(yè)典禮) was held in Tianjin University, but it received much attention. Xue Minxiu, born in 1937, graduated with excellent grades after working hard for 4 years.Going to a university has always been a dream for Xue. But for some reasons, she didnt have the chance when she was young. Even so, she never forgot her dream. In 2014, she was accepted by Tianjin University and finally her dream came true. Since then, Xue has been a model for the people around her. She got up at 5 oclock every morning. Then she studied for a while before brushing teeth and having breakfast. Her room was filled with books and newspapers. Wherever she went, she would take books with her.In fact, for her age, Xue had many difficulties during the four years. But nothing could stop her. Whenever she had problems, she would either solve them by herself or ask teachers for help. Through her hard work, she passed the exams and was named a star student during the first period of her college life.I think the true meaning of our lives is to challenge (挑戰(zhàn)) and improve ourselves whether we are old or young. Xue said at the graduation ceremony. For me, learning something I enjoy isa lifelong journey. I want to thank TianjinUniversity for giving me the chance to achieve my dream. Our lifetime is short, so we should make good use of it.At the age of , Xue was accepted by Tianjin University. A77B85C81D73【答案】A數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)第一段中的Xue Minxiu，born in1937以及第二段中的In2014，she was accepted by Tianjin University可計算出，薛敏修在77歲時被天津大學錄取了，故答案為A。With the help of , Xue solved her problems in study. Aher family and friendsBher teachers and classmatesCher teachers and herselfDher classmates and herself【答案】C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Whenever she had problems, she would either solve them by herself or ask teachers for help可知答案為C。What is the best title(標題) for the passage? AA Graduation CeremonyBA Difficult ExaminationCA University in TianjinDA Hard-working Old Lady【答案】D標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文是關(guān)于薛敏修的介紹，她是一位勤奮的老太太，故答案為D。Where do you think the passage may come from? AA science report.BA newspaper.CA travel book.DAn advertisement.【答案】B推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文可能來自一份報紙，故答案為B。根據(jù)所給漢語意思，用單詞或短語完成下列英文句子。同學們 ,請靠馬路右邊行走。Boys and girls, please walk side of the road.【答案】on/along the right離開教室的時候記著關(guān)燈。Remember to the lights when you leave the classroom.【答案】turn off /shut off/switch off昨天我買了兩張厲害了，我的國 的電影票。I bought two movie to Amazing China yesterday.【答案】tickets馬良想為那個孩子畫一匹馬。Ma Liang wanted to for the child.【答案】draw/paint a horse她的臉上總帶著溫暖的微笑。A is always on her face.【答案】warm smile用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文完整正確。(每個單詞限用一次。每空只填一個單詞。) he, happy, baby, save, arm, volunteer, clean, quick, work, turnWang Ping is a cleaner. He has (1) in a park for 5 years. He is also a good father. Nothing can make him (2) than playing with his little daughter in his free time.Last Tuesday afternoon, while he was (3) the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up (4) to see what happened. The womans 15-month-old babygirl choked (窒息) on a small piece of pear and her face (5) purple. The baby was tooyoung to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didnt know how to save her daughter properly. Luckily, Wang Ping knew what to do. He took the baby in his (6) without thinking twice. With the mothers help, Wang Ping held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats (輕拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth. and the baby began to cry. Her mom was so thankful because her daughter was (7) .Wang Ping tried his best and saved the (8) life. In his mind, helping others is just helping (9) . He hoped more people could (10) to help the people in need if possible.【答案】1. worked2. happier3. cleaning4. quickly5. turned6. arm/ arms7. saved8. babys9. himself10. volunteer閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下列各題。Eleven countries are building a great wall of trees across Africa. It is called the Great Green Wall. The aim is to bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment.The wall is 8, 000 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide. It covers from Senegal in the westto Djibouti in the east, on the south of the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉沙漠). So far, Senegal has made the best progress by planting about 11,000,000 trees.Many years ago, there were few trees in that area and the winds used to be very strong. It was harmful to the fields. Also, there was little rain, so few