專升本英語翻譯技巧解析.doc

正學(xué)文登專升本 重慶地區(qū)輔導(dǎo)效果第一的專升本機(jī)構(gòu) 重慶地區(qū)師質(zhì)力量最強的輔導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)專升本英翻漢具體技巧剖析技巧一：語詞搭配某些動詞，在漢語中只能用于人。而英語中既可以用于人，又可用于物。所以，漢譯時要符合漢語搭配習(xí)慣。比如 see 或 witness。1949 saw the founding of the Peoples Republic of China. 1. Dusk found her crying at a corner of this street.黃昏時，有人看見她在街上的一個拐角處哭泣。2. His name escapes me for the moment.我一時記不起他的名字。技巧二：語詞的引申翻譯中的引申，指的是在語言轉(zhuǎn)換時，為適應(yīng)譯文表意或行文的需要，在原詞或詞組基本意思的基礎(chǔ)上，對詞義進(jìn)行符合邏輯的調(diào)整或變動。翻譯實踐中常見的有：具體化、抽象化、邏輯化引申。3. The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.我前面的那輛車停住了，我錯過了可通行時間。4. Please dont wake a sleeping dog.請不要惹是生非。5. Dont waste time on self-congratulation; there is still work to do. 不要因為沾沾自喜而浪費時間；還有工作要做呢。技巧三：語詞的增譯和省譯6. He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.他吃點東西，喝點酒，因為他疲憊不堪了。用增詞法試著翻譯： 1. 累得我走不動了。 2. 留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。 1. It makes me so tired that I cant walk any more. 2. While/Where there is life, there is hope.7. As she sat down and began talking, words poured out.她一坐下來就講開了，滔滔不絕地講個沒完。8. I could have skinned Rupert in front of the whole audience.我真恨不得當(dāng)著聽眾的面剝了魯伯特的皮。9. The doctor put the baby in her arms. She kissed it on the forehead.醫(yī)生將嬰兒放到她懷里，吻了吻孩子的前額。 A horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動物。10. We had much snow last year.去年下了很多雪。11. Smoking is prohibited in public places.公共場所，禁止吸煙。12. Many years passed and the young man was very successfu in business.許多年過去了，年輕人在生意上非常成功。13. If I had known it, I would not have joined in it.早知如此，我就不參加了。技巧四：語詞的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換14. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.看到我們的噴氣式飛機(jī)，聽到隆隆的機(jī)聲，令我特別神往。15. She opened the window to let fresh air in.她打開窗子，讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)來。16. Johnson was eloquent and elegant- but soft.約翰遜有口才、有風(fēng)度，但很軟弱。17. The White family were religious.懷特一家都是虔誠的教徒。18. It is chiefly characterized by its easy operation.它的主要特點是操作簡單。19. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.他倒是不抽煙，但他父親卻一支接著一支地抽。技巧五：語詞的正反替代法也就是：把正說詞從反面表達(dá)出來 正說反譯； 把反說詞從正面表達(dá)出來 反說正譯。如：1. 正說反譯fail 沒做成 deceptive 靠不住的危險的 insecure 厭惡情緒 dislike2. 反說正譯 incomplete 殘缺的 infrequent 偶爾的 不到200英里 within 200 miles20. I missed what you said because of the noise outside.由于外面的噪音，我沒聽清楚你說的話。21. We were waiting the outcome with impatience.我們焦急地等著結(jié)果。22. All articles are untouchable in the museum.博物館內(nèi)所有的展品禁止觸摸。技巧六：定語從句的翻譯前置譯法 就是把相對較短的定語從句翻譯為“的”，來修飾先行詞。23. These boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.這些渴望踢足球的孩子們因下雨而感到失望。24. Every mascot that symbolizes the Olympics is linked to the city and the country hosting the Games.每個象征奧林匹克運動會的吉祥物都與奧運會舉辦城市和國家有聯(lián)系。試著翻譯2005年專升本第68題：68. If the killing continues, this wonderful animal , which took millions of years to develop, will be gone . （2005）答案：如果繼續(xù)捕殺，這種經(jīng)過幾百萬年進(jìn)化而來的奇妙動物就會滅絕。分譯法25. “Nice” is the most overworked word in the English language whose meaning can only be divined by its context.在英語里，“nice”是個用的過濫的詞，其意思只可通過上下文推測而得。26. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson, who believed that only a nation of educated people could remain free.托馬斯-杰弗遜對美國的教育事業(yè)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。他認(rèn)為只有受過教育的人民組成的國家才能保持自由。請翻譯2008年真題第67題：67.Scientists are working on an electronic device, which could make life easier for the people.答案：科學(xué)家們正在研制一種電子裝置，它能讓人們的生活更加便捷。融合法 也就是把主句的主語或先行詞和定語從句融合起來，翻譯為一個獨立的句子。27. There are some metals which possess the power to conduct electricity and ability to be magnetized.某些金屬既能導(dǎo)電，也能被磁化。特殊定語從句的翻譯As引導(dǎo)：先進(jìn)行分譯，然后把as翻譯為“正如，像，如”等。Which引導(dǎo)：先進(jìn)行分譯，然后把which譯為“這，那，從而，因而”28. More American troops are being sent to the Middle East, as I have learnt from the newspaper.正如我從報紙上所了解的那樣，更多美國部隊正派往中東。29. As is the Chinese cooks custom, my mother always made negative remarks about her own cooking.我媽媽總是說她自己燒的菜不好，這是中國廚師的習(xí)慣。30. She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honor.她被授予一枚金牌，全家人都認(rèn)為這是極大的榮耀。31. He likes mountaineering, which is quite a fashionable exercise.他喜愛登山，那是一項很時髦的運動。技巧七：被動句的翻譯1.譯成漢語被動句32. A young man was shot yesterday by a man in a stocking mask.一位年輕男子昨天被一蒙面男子槍殺。33. Thy young woman was abandoned by her husband.這個年輕女子被她丈夫遺棄了。2.變化漢語詞匯來表達(dá)被動比如：Poets are born, but orators are made.詩人是天生的，而演說家是后天造就的。34. Private enterprise and industry were permitted and encouraged.私人企業(yè)和工業(yè)得到了許可并受到鼓勵。3.譯成漢語泛指人稱句 譯為“大家，有人，人們”等。It + be + v-ed + that-clause It is estimated that It has been decided that It must be remembered that It must be admitted that It is taken for granted thatIt must be pointed out that It is generally considered thatIt may be said without fear of exaggeration that 35. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well, but on television everything is much more living, much more real.有人可能會指出，無線電廣播也能做到這一點，但還是電視屏幕上的節(jié)目生動、真實的多。4.譯成漢語無主句36. These instruments must be handled with great care.必須小心操作這些儀器。37. These questions should not be confused.不要把這些問題混在一起。技巧八：其他結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯問題38. Then with a bag of toys and books we walked across the garden in the gray light of the dawn.我們提著一口袋玩具和書籍，在晨曦中穿過了花園。39. He was quick to use self-deprecating humor to throw anyone off the scent.為了迷惑別人，他機(jī)靈地說了些自我挖苦的笑話。40. A jeep, full, sped fast, drenching me in a spray.一輛坐滿人的吉普車疾駛而過，濺了我一身水。41. That he will come to the discussion is certain.他肯定會來參加討論的。42. He doesnt know what life means to him.他不知道人生的意義。43. The boy sat down on a stone to take a pebble out of his shoe when he saw a stranger approaching him.那小孩坐在石頭上正打算從鞋子里取碎石子，這時他看見一個陌生人朝他走來。44. Hardly had I got abroad when the train started.我剛上火車，車就開了。45. Here ends the diary of Dr. Watson.華生醫(yī)生的日記寫到這就結(jié)束了。華生醫(yī)生的日記就寫到這里。46. Little did I then know the meaning of war and what it was in reality.當(dāng)時我確實還不太懂得戰(zhàn)爭的意義及戰(zhàn)爭實際上是怎么回事。47. I just hate everybody. No, not you, Phyr, but everybody else.我就是很所有人。不，不是你，菲兒，我恨其他所有人。48. He realized the “subtlety” of Chinas messages, the gap between her hot rhetoric and her cool action.他領(lǐng)會了中國信息的“微妙之處”：言辭激烈，但行動遲緩。49. (1) Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. 相同的電荷相斥，不同的電荷相吸。 (2) I likes English more than mathematics. 我喜歡英語勝過喜歡數(shù)學(xué)。 (3) In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold. 在射入窗內(nèi)的陽光里，細(xì)微的塵埃象徑自一樣閃閃發(fā)光。 (4) Like knows like. 英雄識英雄。50. (1) He was a man of high renown. 他是位有名望的人。 (2) His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death. 他是流氓的惡名是死后傳開的。 (3) Lao Wang keeps boasting that he has talked to the premier Wen. 老王總是吹噓說他曾與溫總理說過話。 (4) “He was polite and always gave advice willingly,” she recalled. 她回憶說，“他彬彬有禮，總是誨人不倦?！?1. They talked about inflation, unemployment and environmental pollution.他們談到通貨膨脹、失業(yè)、環(huán)境污染等問題。52. To him, the birds sang, the squirrel chattered and the flowers bloomed.鳥兒向他唱歌，松鼠對他嘰咕，花兒為他開放。53. He wandered about in the chill rain, thinking and thinking, broo