英語數(shù)詞用法總結(jié).doc

英語數(shù)詞用法總結(jié)一。數(shù)詞的分類： 表示數(shù)目多少或順序的詞叫數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。 表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞。one，two 表示順序次第的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。the first（第一）、 the second（第二） 二。數(shù)詞的用法： 1. 作主語 Thirty of them are Party members. 他們之中的三十人是黨員。 2. 作賓語 Please pass me the second. 請遞給我第二個。 3. 作定語 The nine boys are from Tianjin. 這九個男孩子是天津人。 4. 作表語 Six plus four is ten. 六加四等于十。 5. 作同位語（只限基數(shù)詞） We four will go with you. 我們四個人將和你一起去。 B. 用法總結(jié) （一）基數(shù)詞的表示方法：基數(shù)詞用來表示數(shù)目，或者說表示數(shù)量的詞叫基數(shù)詞。最基本的基數(shù)詞如下表所示。 1 one 11 eleven 100 a hundred 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1000 a thousand 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1，000，000 a million 4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10，000，000 ten million 5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100，000，000 a hundred million 6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1，000，000，000 a billion 7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty 9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 10 ten 1. 1-12 的基數(shù)詞： one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 2. 1319的基數(shù)詞，在個位數(shù)上加后綴 -teen構(gòu)成，并有兩個重音。 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 3. 2090等十位數(shù)由2-9 加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 4. 21-29由十位數(shù)20加個位數(shù)1-9 構(gòu)成，十位和個位之間加連字符號，其他十位數(shù)以此類推。 21 twenty-one、44 forty-four、98 ninety-eight 5. 英語中沒有“萬”這個讀數(shù)單位，要表示漢語中的“萬”，英語需借用thousand一詞，如“一萬”用“十個千”表示(ten thousand)，“十萬”用“一百個千”表示(one hundred thousand)。6. 用作基數(shù)詞單位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，但若用于表示數(shù)百、數(shù)千、數(shù)百萬這樣的泛指，則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大約有兩千人在地震中喪生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上萬的人到海濱去。7. 表示整十的基數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示人的大約歲數(shù)或年代。如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出頭(from )。This took place in the 1930s. 這事發(fā)生在20世紀30年代。8. 多位數(shù)的讀法 從后向前數(shù)，每三位數(shù)加一個，；第一個，號前為thousand（千），第二個，號前為million（百萬），然后再逐段表達。 三位數(shù)數(shù)詞要在百位和十位（若無十位則和個位）之間加and。 45，632，798 讀作 forty-five million, six hundred and thirty-two thousand, seven hundred and ninety-eight （二）序數(shù)詞的表示方法：第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上 first eleventh twentieth second twelfth thirtieth third thirteenth fortieth fourth fourteenth fiftieth fifth fifteenth sixtieth sixth sixteenth seventieth seventh seventeenth eightieth eighth eighteenth ninetieth ninth nineteenth hundredth tenth thousandth 1.序數(shù)詞 = 基數(shù)詞+th，但以下幾個特殊： one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth. eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth , a hundred-a hundredth 2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序數(shù)詞，由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞將詞尾y改為ie，再加-th 構(gòu)成。3. first, second, third 通?？煽s寫為1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th結(jié)尾的序數(shù)詞可縮寫為“基數(shù)詞+th”：4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。4. 非整十的多位數(shù)，將個位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。5. hundred, thousand, million 等序數(shù)詞形式為 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。6. 序數(shù)詞前通常要用定冠詞，但表示考試或比賽等的名次時，通?？墒÷云淝暗亩ü谠~。如：My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房間在三樓，他的房間在四樓。 He was (the) third in the exam. 他考試得了第三名。注：有時序數(shù)詞前不用定冠詞，而用不定冠詞，表示次第在原有基礎(chǔ)上的增加。如：Well have to do it a second time. 我們得再做一次（三）倍數(shù)、分數(shù)、小數(shù)、百分數(shù)的表示方法： 1. 倍數(shù)：英語中表示倍數(shù)時通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之類的詞。如：This room is three times as large as that one. 這個房間有那個房間三個大。 Three threes are nine. or Three times three is nine. 三三得九。 2. 分數(shù)： 分數(shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子超過“1”時，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。如：two thirds=2/3three fifths=3/5注：1/2 通常讀作 a one half，一般不讀作a second；1/4 可讀作 a one fourth，也可讀作 a one quarter。數(shù)短語作主語時，謂語的數(shù)由of 后面的名詞來決定，名詞為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。 A third of the land is covered by forests. Two thirds of the workers are working hard. 3. 小數(shù)：小數(shù)點前的數(shù)按總數(shù)念，同其它基數(shù)詞讀法一樣，小數(shù)點用point，小數(shù)點后面的數(shù)按基數(shù)詞一個一個單獨念。如9.65讀作nine point six five。218.39讀作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。1.25 讀作 one point two five 0.56 讀作naught point five six或zero point five six 4. 百分數(shù)。百分數(shù)由基數(shù)詞和百分號(%)組成，百分號(%)讀作 per cent。如：thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%（四）表示日期1949年1949讀作nineteen forty-nine6月23日June 23rd 讀作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June2006年10月October 2006 讀作October, two thousand and six1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 讀作the second of May, sixteen hundred（五）表示鐘點半小時用half，一刻鐘用a quarter，半小時以內(nèi)用past，超過半小時用to。08:00 eight oclock或eight09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine02:30 two thirty或half past/after two05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six（六）表示約數(shù)1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“幾十、幾百、上千、成千上萬”等。如：The boy bought dozens of pencils.那個男孩買了幾十支鉛筆。Thousands of people died in the earthquake.數(shù)以千計的人死于地震。2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等來表示小于或接近某數(shù)目。如nearly two hours將近兩個小時。3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等來表示超過或多于某個數(shù)目。如more than 100 years一百多年。4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一數(shù)目左右。如about 50 pens大約五十支鋼筆，a month or so大約一個月。5. 用to, fromto, betweenand表示介于兩數(shù)詞。如：His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.他的工資從每月100美元升到了每月120美元。_（七）算式表達法： 1. 加法 A+B=C A plus B is C. or A and B is C. 2. 減法 AB=C A minus B is C. or B from A is C. 3. 乘法 AB=C A times B is C. or A multiplied by B is C. 4. 除法 AB=C A divided by B is C. 5. 大于 AB A is more than B. 6. 小于 ABA is less than B.（八）常見數(shù)詞的表示法及讀法 1. 章節(jié)、頁數(shù)的讀法 第一章：the first chapter ; Chapter One 第二節(jié)：the second section ; Section Two 第三課：the third lesson ; Lesson Three 第463頁：page four six three 第2564頁：page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four 注意：如果頁碼的數(shù)字較長，通常用基數(shù)詞。 2. 房間、門牌、電話號碼的讀法 第305房間：Room three o（零）five 長安街76號：seventy-six Changan Street 電話號碼：204-2244：telephone number two o（零） four two two（double two） four four 十一路公共汽車：Bus（No.） eleven 3. 年代、日期、時刻的讀法 （1）年份是四位數(shù)字時，各分成二位來讀， eg. 公元1995年：1995（=nineteen ninety-five） （2）日期使用一般的序數(shù)詞來讀取 eg. 5月10日：May 10th（=May tenth） （3）時刻通常用基數(shù)詞來讀 eg. 8點45分：8: 45（=eight forty-five） （4）年代表示法： eg. 二十世紀九十年代：1990s nineteen nineties 4. hundred, thousand, million用法： hundred, thousand, million前面有具體數(shù)字，要用單數(shù)形式，但如果它們后面有of，那它們要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，同時，前面不能再加具體的數(shù)目。 eg. two thousand 兩千 thousands of 成千上萬 hundreds of 成百上千 millions of 數(shù)以百萬計 Thousands and thousands of people have visited the city. 成千上萬的人參觀了這座城市。 （六）需注意的問題： 1. 數(shù)詞名詞用連在一起作定語，后面名詞不用復(fù)數(shù)。 eg. a four-year-old boy 2. 有些結(jié)構(gòu)既有基數(shù)詞又有序數(shù)詞。 eg. the first three questions the last five minutes 3. 英語中有一些短語包含數(shù)詞，不能從表面上理解它們的意義 eg. one and the only 唯一 be at one with 與 一致 be on all fours 匍匐；趴 Twos company, three is a crowd 二人成伴，三人不歡 one and the same 同一個；完全一樣 for one 舉個例子說 ten to one 十之八九 a thousand to one 十之八九 talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不絕 by twos and threes 三三兩兩 in ones and twos 三三兩兩 first and last 總共 first of all 首先 from the first 從一開始 .數(shù)詞專項練習(xí) (一) 50題( ) 1. Lincoln was born on _. A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12( ) 2. A _ boy can sing the English song very well. A. ten-years-old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old ( ) 3. An hour later, _ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men. A. two B. the second C. the two D. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United States. A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us _? A. two B. the two C. second D. the second ( ) 6. -How many students are there in your class? -_. A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _. A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth( ) 8. The Peoples Liberation Army was founded _. A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _. A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B. four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _. A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty( ) 11. This classroom is _ ours. A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third( ) 13. -Which is the car that he drives? -Its _. A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? _. A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15. C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students. A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of( ) 16. -How many new words are there in _ lesson? -There are only _. A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five( ) 17. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market. A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 1970s( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _. A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk D. tenth mile walk( ) 19. Today is the first day and _. A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth C. second is Tuesday D. a second is Thursday( ) 20. -Which room do you live in? -_. A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room( ) 21. -How many magazines do you have? -I have _. A. two B. both C. twice D. the second( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _. A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170( ) 23. On May _, _ people traveled round the country. A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions( ) 24. _ of them are dining at school. A. Twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelve D. The 12th( ) 25. Its 7:17 is read _. A. seven and seventeen B. seven seven C. seven one seven D. seven seventeen( ) 26. Four _ two is two. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 27. Three _ five is eight. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 28. Three _ seven is twenty-one. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 29. Forty-two _ seven is six. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 30. There are _ days in a year. A. three hundred sixty and five B. three hundred and sixty-five C. three hundreds and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five( ) 31. There are _ students in that school. A. two thousand eight-six B. two thousand eighty-six C. two thousand and eighty-six D. two thousands and eighty-six( ) 32. It took me _ to get there. A. two hours and a half B. two hours and half C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half( ) 33. September is _ month of the year. A. the nineth B. the ninth C. nineth D. ninth( ) 34. Please pass me _ book on the left. A. third B. three C. the third D. the three( ) 35. _ is a very tall boy. A. The twelve B. The twelveth C. The twelfeth D. The twelfth( ) 36. We have known each other for _. A. a year and half B. a year with half C. a year and a half D. a year with a half( ) 37. -“What year is it?” -“Its _.” A. nineteen hundred and ninety-seven B. nineteen and ninety-seven C. nineteen ninety and seven D. nineteen ninety-seven( ) 38. -“Whats the date today?” -“Its _.” A. Tuesday B. June Fourth C. June the four D. June the fourth( ) 39. The train from Shanghai will arrive _. A. in quarter past six B. in a quarter past six C. at quarter past six D. at a quarter past six( ) 40. My friend was born on _. A. three of July, 1979 B. the third of July,1979 C. 1979, July the third D. 1979, the third of July( ) 41. _ is less than _. A. One-third; two-thirds B. One-third; two-third C. First-three; first-threes D. One-third; one-three( ) 42. -Which lesson did you learn yesterday? -_. A. Lesson Seven B. Lesson seventh C. The 7 Lesson D. 7 Lesson( ) 43. -“Whats the date today?” -“Its _.” A. the fourth of may B. the fourth May C. May four D. May the fourth( ) 44. 334 is read _. A. three hundreds and thirty four B. three hundreds thirty four C. three hundred and thirty fourth D. three hundred and thirty-four( ) 45. In February, there are only _ days. A. twenty nine B. twenty-nineth C. twenty-nine D. twenty eight ( ) 46. There will be a comedy on TV at _ this evening. A. seven past thirty B. half past seven C. seven the thirty D. thirty to seven( ) 47. It took me _ to find out the key to the drawer. A. one and half hours B. one and a half hours C. one and a half hour D. one and half hour( ) 48. Im so tired after _ walk. A. three hours B. three hours C. three hours D. three hour( ) 49. There are _ stars in the sky. A. million of B. millions of C. the million D. a million of( ) 50. The street is _ wide. A. two meters B. two meter C. the two meter D. a two meter數(shù)詞專項練習(xí)(二)( ) 76. Tuesday is the _ day of a week in English. A. first B. fifth C. third D. fourth( ) 77. There are _ seasons in a year in our country. A. two B. four C. second D. fourth( ) 78. The game of _ Olympics will be held in Beijing in 2008. A. 29 B. the 29th C. the 29 D. 29th( ) 79. Most of the stars are much more bigger than the sun. But they are _ light years away from us. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of( ) 80. _ of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered with water. A. First third B. Two thirds C. One three D. Two three( ) 81. There are _ people in my family. We live on the _ floor in a tall building. A. five, six B. fifth, sixth C. fifth, six D. five, sixth( ) 82. Boys and girls, we are going to learn _ today. A. Four Lesson B. the fourth lesson C. the Lesson Four D. the Four Lesson( ) 83. My lovely daughter is _. A. eight years old B. eight-year-old C. eight year old D. eight-years-old( ) 84. The flood happened _. A. in the summer of 1998 B. in the summer of 1998s C. in 1998 of the summer D. in 1998s of the summer( ) 85. February 28 should be read as _. A. February of the 28th B. February of 28 C. 28 of February D. the 28th of February( ) 86. -How soon will you finish your work? -In about _. A. one and a half month B. one month and a half C. one and half a month D. a month and half( ) 87. We will have a _ holiday. What about going to Suzhou? A. five days B. five day C. five-day D. five-days( ) 88. We are sure the _ century will bring us more hopes. A. twentieth-first B. twentieth-one C. twenty-one D. twenty-first( ) 89. -What is 1/2 and 1/3? -Its _. A. 2/5 B. 1/5 C. 5/6 D. 4/6( ) 90. At the age of _, he had his own lab. A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty( ) 91. Five times fiv