專四語法第14節(jié)-反意疑問句.doc

專四語言知識之反意疑問句一、知識要點反意疑問句也叫附加疑問句 ( Tag Question )， 主要由“陳述部分+附加疑問部分”構(gòu)成。(一) 疑問部分的主語附加疑問部分的主語通常和陳述部分的主語一致， 但需注意下列情況：1. 陳述部分的主語是 everything, something, nothing 等指物的合成詞時，附加疑問部分的主語用it; 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everyone, everybody, somebody, someone, nobody, no one 等指人的合成詞時，由于這些詞未指明性別，因而附加疑問句部分的主語也應(yīng)用未指明姓名的they。Everything is arranged in a good order, isnt it? 一切都安排得井井有條，是不是？Someone has broken the glass, havent they? 有人打碎了杯子，是嗎？No one knows the history of this museum, do they? 沒有人知道這座博物館的歷史，是嗎？2. 當(dāng)陳述部分是there be 句式，附加疑問部分的主語也用there。Theres something wrong, isnt they? 出錯了，是嗎？3. 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是不定式，動名詞，從句或this/that 時，疑問部分的主語通常用it。Seeing is believing, isnt it? 眼見為實，不是嗎？This is not as beautiful as that, is it?4. 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是不定代詞one時， 疑問部分的主語可以用one （正式場合），也可以用you （非正式場合）。One can not survive without water, can you /one? 人沒有水就無法生存，是不是？5. 當(dāng)陳述部分是主從復(fù)合句，附加疑問句部分一般應(yīng)與主句的主語和謂語一致；但是，當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是第一人稱主語+think, believe, suppose, suspect, expect等結(jié)構(gòu)時，附加疑問部分往往與賓語從句中的主語和謂語動詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系， 但要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。但當(dāng)陳述部分為非第一人稱主語+think, believe, suppose, fancy, imagine, expect + that從句時，問句部分的動詞和主語與陳述部分的主句動詞保持一致。If you had come yesterday, you might have seen him, mightnt you? 如果你昨天來了， 可能就會見到他，是不是？They dont believe shes an engineer, do they? 他們不相信她是工程師， 是不是？I dont think he will arrive here in time, will he? 我想他不會按時到， 是不是？（二）特殊反意疑問句1. 祈使句中的附加問句（1）“祈使句+附加疑問” 構(gòu)成的附加疑問句中，疑問部分一般用will you, wont you, would you; 否定的祈使句之后的附加句只可用 will you。如：Sit down, wont you? 請坐。 （wont you）表示邀請Be quiet, would you? 安靜， 好嗎？Dont move the CD, will you? 不要動那張CD， 好嗎？（2）在以Lets 開頭的祈使句之后，附加疑問部分用shall we。 如：Lets go shopping, shall we? 我們購物去，好不好？2. 當(dāng)陳述部分含有以下這些含有否定意義的詞：few, little, seldom, hardly, rarely, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither 等， 疑問部分需用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。Few people know him, do they? 幾乎沒有人認識他，是不是？He seldom gives his wife a present, does he? 他很少送禮物給妻子，是不是？3. 當(dāng)陳述部分帶有表示“有”含義的動詞 have/ has/had 時，附加疑問部分既可以用have/has/had, 也可以用 do/does/did; 如果含義不是“有”，則必須用do/does/did。You had breakfast, didnt you? 你吃了早餐，是不是？He has a good memory, hasnt/ doesnt he? 他記憶力很好，是不是？4. 陳述部分是I am 結(jié)構(gòu)，疑問部分在正式場合用am I not, 非正式的口語中用arent I。Im late, am I not/arent I ? 我遲到了，不是嗎？5. 陳述部分是I wish 句式， 表示詢問或征求意見時，疑問部分用may I 。I wish to shake hands with you, may I ? 我希望與你握手，可以嗎？6. 陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞時， 附加疑問部分助動詞的選擇：陳述部分含有ought to, 附加疑問部分用 ought 或should;We ought to go there, oughtnt / shouldnt we? 我們應(yīng)該去那里，是不是？陳述部分含有used to, 附加疑問部分用 used 或did;He used to smoke forty cigarettes a day, usednt / didnt he? 他過去每天都要抽40根煙，是不是？陳述部分含有need 或dare, 附加疑問部分常用need 或dare; 當(dāng)dare, need 為實義動詞時， 疑問部分用助動詞 do/does/did;He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢這么說，是不是？She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢獨自回家，是不是？陳述部分含有must時， 附加疑問句部分通常用must；但如must 作“有必要”解時， 也可用 neednt； 表“一定，肯定”推測意義時， 也可根據(jù)上下文用其他動詞。You must go now, mustnt / neednt you? 你現(xiàn)在必須走，是不是？He must have waited here for a long time, hasnt he? 他一定在這里等了很久了， 是不是？You must have got up late this morning, didnt you? 今天早上你肯定起晚了，是不是？二、 練習(xí)真題：1. There used to be a petrol station near the park, ?A. didnt it B. doesnt it C. usednt it D. didnt there2. When you have finished with that video tape, dont forget to put it in my drawer, ?A. do you B. will you C. dont you D. wont you 3. She seldom goes to the theatre, ?A. doesnt she B. does she C. would she D. wouldnt she4. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ?A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. wouldnt she D. didnt she5. I suppose that he is just joking, ?A. dont I B. isnt he C. isnt it D. is it6. Do help yourself to some fruit, you ?A. cant B. dont C. wouldnt D. wont 7. When you have finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on my desk, ?A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you 8. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, ?A. need it B. neednt it C. does it D. doesnt it9. When you have finished with the book, dont forget to return it to Tim, _? A. do you B. will you C. dont you D. wont you 10. When you have finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _?A. will you B. do you C. dont youD. wont you11. Nobody heard him sing,_? A. did they B. did he C. didnt they D. did one模擬題：12. There used to be a power station in the countryside, ? A. didnt it B. wouldnt there C. shouldnt it D. usednt there13. There is little exciting news in todays paper, ? A. isnt there B. is there C. is it D. isnt it14. There are many books in his study, ?A. arent they B. are they C. arent there D. are there15. There used to be a well here, ? A. usednt it B. didnt it C. didnt there C. shouldnt there16. She rarely shows herself in public, ? A. doesnt she B. would she C. does she D. wouldnt she17. Nothing can prevent you from realizing your ideal, ? A. isnt it B. cant it C. can you D. can it18. He had little idea that it was getting so late, ? A. didnt he B. wasnt it C. did he D. was it19. Few of the students have read this book, ? A. havent they B. have they C. dont they D do they20. He is unable to handle such a case, ? A. isnt he B. is he C. cant he D. can he21. You missed the early bus this morning, ? A. did you B. didnt you C. havent you D. have you22. Everyone has climbed up to the top of the mountain, ? A. havent they B. dont they C. wont he D. doesnt he23. Somebody borrowed my pen yesterday, ? A. did they B. do he C. didnt they D. dont he24. No one knows the history of the statue, ? A. does he B. doesnt he C. do they C. dont they25. Everything is ready, ? A. is it B. isnt it C. arent they D. are they26. When it comes to the end of the meeting, dont forget to make a conclusion, ? A. could you B. should you C. do you D. will you 27. It is a fine day today. Lets go to the park for boating, ? A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do we28. Do try your best to finish it, ? A. cant you B. dont you C. wouldnt you D. wont you29. Let us have a look at your book, ? A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. wont you30. What I said is what you want to say, ? A. wasnt it B. didnt you C. isnt it D. dont you 31. Swimming alone in the river is dangerous, ? A. is it B. do they C. dont they D. isnt it 32. I wish to go home with you, ? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I 33. I wish to have a word with you, ? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I 34. He ought to attend the meeting, ? A. should he B. ought he C. shouldnt he D. wouldnt he35. The child ought to be punished, ? A. should he B. ought he C. wouldnt he D. oughtnt he36. Youd rather go to theater with him this evening, ? A. are you B. hadnt you C. dont you D. wouldnt you37. You must work hard next term, ? A. need you B. mustnt you C. would you D. will you38. You must go home right now, ? A. must you B. need you C. neednt you D. shouldnt you39. He must be the man in charge of the firm, ? A. mustnt he B. neednt he C. isnt he D. shouldnt he40. You must have heard the news, ? A. havent you B. mustnt you C. shouldnt you D. wouldnt you41. He must have gone to the cinema last night, ? A. mustnt he B. hasnt he