英語時態(tài)圖表歸納.doc

英語時態(tài)圖表歸納概念時間狀語基本結(jié)構(gòu)一般疑問句否定形式一般現(xiàn)在時經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。often; usually; every;sometimes; always;never;once/twice/ a week/month/year;on Sundays/Mondays/.;1. be動詞用am/is/are表示。2.行為動詞用V原形；或V-s/es（主語為單數(shù)第三人稱時）1.把am/is/are放于句首。2.借助助動詞do提問，如主語又為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時還原為動詞原形。1.am/is/are+not2.此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加dont；若主語又為第三人稱單數(shù)，則加doesnt，同時還原行為動詞。一般過去時過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)； 過去 習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。yesterday;the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/.; ago; a moment ago;just now;on/in+過去的時間;1.be動詞用was/were2.行為動詞用V-ed1.把was或 were提到句首。2.借助助動詞did提問，同時還原為動詞原形。1.was/were+ not2. 在行為動詞前加didnt，同時還原行為動詞。一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。tomorrow；the day after tomorrow; soon; next week/month/year/.; the week/month/year/. after next; on/in +將來的時間；in+一段時間；.1.am/is/are going to + V原形2.shallwillV原形1.把am/is/are提到句首。2. 把will/shall提到句首。1.am/is/are+not+ going todo2.will shallnot+ do過去將來時表示在過去的某個時候看來將要發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)。the next/following day/week/month/year;多用在賓語從句中1.would+ V原形2.was/ were going to + V原形1. 把would 提到句首。2. 把was 或were提到句首。1.would+not+do2.was/were +not+ going to +do現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作或狀態(tài)。now；at present;at the moment;Look!(放在句首);Listen! (放在句首);am/ is/ are +V-ing把am/is/are提到句首。am/ is/ are +not +doing過去進行時表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的動作或行為。at that time;at this time yesterday;at+時間點+yesterday/last night;at that moment;was/ were+ V-ing把was或were提到句首。was/ were+ not+ doing現(xiàn)在完成時過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。already；just；before;yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/for+一段時間；since +時間點；since+一段時間+ago; by+現(xiàn)在時間；so far; up to now; till now; until now; recently；lately; during/over/in the past/last years/.have/ has +p.p把have或has提到句首。have/ has +not+ done過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作或情況。過去的過去：by+過去的時間；表“過去某動作或時間以前”的時間狀語;由said, asked, told, thought等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.had+ p.p把had提到句首。had+ not+ done補充：完成時態(tài)可用在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：This(That, It)is(was )the first(second.)time+定語從句：This(That, It)is(was) the only (last)+名詞+定語從句；This (This, It)is (was)+形容詞最高級+名詞+定語從句。如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的謂語動詞動詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果主句謂語動詞是一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞通常用過去完成時。例1：This is the first time(that )Ive drunk Californian champagne.這是我第一次喝加利福尼亞香檳酒。例2：There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.有人敲門，這是當天晚上第二次有人打擾我了。6.動詞expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用過去完成時，表示過去的希望，預(yù)期，意圖或愿望等沒有實現(xiàn)。例1：I had meant to leave to on Monday, but have stayed on.我本來打算星期一離開，但最終還是繼續(xù)留下來了。另外一種表示“過去想做而未做的事”的表達方式是：7.was / were+ to have done sth. 和intended (expected, hoped, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired)+ to have done sth.例1：We were to have come yesterday, but we couldnt.我們本想昨天來的，但我們來不了。例：1I mean to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.我本想告訴你這件事，但我忘掉了。9.過去完成時常用于以下固定句型：(1)hardly / scarcely / barely+過去完成時(倒裝形式)+when +過去時例1：Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with.我一到達就有新問題要處理。(2)