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河南周口中英文學(xué)校高考英語(yǔ)沖刺閱讀理解總匯A study involving 8,500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWest that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, are particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with greater debts man any before.University tuition fees (學(xué)費(fèi)) are currently capped at 3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.In the research, the teenagers were presented with die terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average 31.000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just 17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than 10.000. Average debts for graduates are 12,363.Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said. The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they arc to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweathcr aged 15 from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.1. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?A. Students understand personal finances differently.B. University tuition fees in England have been rising.C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings.D. The students payback ability has become a major issue.2. The phrase to raise the ceiling in paragraph 2 probably means _.A. to raise the student loans B. to improve the school facilitiesC. to increase the upper limit of the tuition D. to lift the school building roofs3. According to Stephen Moir, students_.A. are too young to be exposed to financial issuesB. should learn to manage their finances wellC. should maintain a positive attitude when facing loans D. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance4. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters wellB. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts.C. Financial planning is a required course at college. D. Young people should become responsible adults. ( B ) Astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine(尿), sweat and water got from air. They said “cheers,” clicked drinking bags and toasted NASA workers on the ground. The urine recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and Mars. It also will save NASA money because it wont have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttles or rockets. Besides, its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six. The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November by space shuttle Endeavour, but it couldnt be used until samples(樣品) were tested back on earth. So when it came time to actually drink up, NASA made a big deal of it. The three-man crew stood holding their drinks and thanked engineers in two NASA centers that worked on the system.“This is something that had been the stuff of science fiction,” American astronaut Michael Barratt said before taking a small mouthful. “The taste is worth trying.” The new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the steam is collected. The rest of the urine is thrown away. Then the water steam is mixed with water from air, and then it goes through filters (過(guò)濾器). When six crew members are aboard it can make about 18 liters from urine in about 6 hours.“Some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap,” said Marybeth Eden, the space stations national lab manager. The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami.5. According to the text, the recycling system is important because _. A. it makes traveling to the moon for the average person possible B. it can help meet the need for more water after the crew is expanded C. with it NASA wont need to ship any water up the space station D. it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste6. From Paragraph 5 we can know _. A. the process of recycling urine B. the effect of the recycling system C. the theory behind the recycling system D. an opinion on recycling urine7. What did Eden say about recycled urine and the recycling system? A. The taste of recycled urine is not as good as that of common water. B. The recycling system has made a science fiction story come true. C. The idea of drinking recycled urine makes astronauts feel unpleasant. D. It takes a longer time on earth to make water from urine than in space.8. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Research of NASA Has Made Great Progress B. New Technology Is Used in the Space Station C. Drink up: Space Station Recycles Urine to Water D. Good News:Water Recycled from Urine Tastes Good ( C )Perhaps the most famous theory, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed. In other words, we learn our lookswe are not born with them. A baby has generally informed face features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around-family and friends. This helps explain why the people of some areas of the United States look so much alike, new Englanders or Southerners have certain common face features that cannot be explained by genetics(遺傳學(xué)). The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth, it is learned after. In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after new teeth are set. For many, this can be well into grown-ups. A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look alike. We learn our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a single country area where people smile more than those in other areas. In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where the people smile most frequently. In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York State still less. Many southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta. Georgia. People in largely populated areas also smile and greet each other in public less than people in small towns do. 9. Ray Birdwhistell believes that physical appearance _.A. has little to do with culture B. has much to do with culture C. is ever changing D. is different from place to place 10. According to the passage, the final mouth shape is formed _.A. before birthB. as soon as ones teeth are newly set C. sometime after new teeth are setD. around 15 years old 11. Ray Birdwhistell can tell what area of the United States a person is from by _.A. how much he or she laughsB. how he or she raises his or her eyebrows C. what he or she likes bestD. the way he or she talks 12. This passage might have been taken out of a book dealing with _.A. physics B. chemistryC. biologyD. none of the above ( D ) Wondered how plants talk to each other? They do not have the same language as humans but they have their own waysRecent research by scientists at Kyoto University, Japan, describes how the Lima bean(利馬豆)plant protects itself and its neighbours from the red spiderIt sends out clear distress(危難)signalsIts not like they make strange noises to attract attention, thoughIt does it very silentlyThe Lima bean plant releases chemicals to send the message of a troublesome intruder(闖入者)to all its neighboursThat is the signal for all the plants to get their defense system working Plants all over the world have qualities, which make then special in their own waysSome plants produce chemicals that give the leaves and stem a strong taste or smell of chillies(辣椒), spices and herbs used for cookingThese substances either discourage or even kill insects and other animals that might try to eat the plant Since plants cannot escape from creatures that feed on them, many have evolved features to protect them against plant eating animalsThe two main defenses that plants use are armour(盔甲)and poisonIn the Galapagos Islands cacti grow a thick stalk(花梗)more than two meters tall putting the tender leaves well out of the reach of the giant tortoises Japanese azaleas(杜鵑花)produce poisonous chemicals that let them survive even among hungry deerSome of these chemical substances may even prevent the growth of nearby plantsFor example, radishes(小蘿卜)produce a chemical substance, which slows the growth of other vegetablesSimilarly, walnut and apple trees cannot grow together because chemicals released from walnut tree kill the apple tree So it is not just a self-survival instinct that plants haveThey also have an instinct for community feeling, as the Lima bean plant showsNature is full of many surprises! 13What do we know about the Lima bean plant? AIt can kill other plants BIt can send out signals silently CIt can turn to farmers for helpDIt can make noises to call attention14The Lima bean plant sends message to its neighbours so that _ Ait can gather strength to fight back Bit can get neighbours timely help Cthey get ready to fight against the intruder Dthey help each other to defend themselves15Why do some plants produce chemicals like chillies, spices and herbs?ATo be used for cooking BTo get rid of the enemiesCTo show their own nature DTo kill insects and animals16In Paragraph 3, cacti is used an example to show_ A. where intellectual plants can be found B. what plants in the Galapagos Islands look like C. why plants have to fit in with the environment D. how plants have evolved to protect themselves ( E )A is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C is for the conscientious(勤勤懇懇的)way you do your job. You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesnt ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politicsa better job, a raise, praisemany people are still unable or unwillingto “play the game”. “People assume that office politics involves some manipulative(工于心計(jì)的) behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word polite. It can mean lobbying(游說(shuō))and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying, to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behaviors used to pursue ones own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environmentnot just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well. “The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P. Lewis , a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It s simple human nature.” Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.17. “Office politics”(Line 2,Para.4)is used in the passage to refer to_. A. the political views and beliefs of office workers B. the interpersonal relationships within a company C. the various qualities required for a successful career D. the code of behavior for company staff18. To get promoted, one must not only be competent but_. A. avoid being too outstanding B. get along well with his colleagues C. honest and loyal to his companyD. give his boss a good impression19. The author considers office politics to be _. A. unwelcome at the workplace B. bad for interpersonal relationships C. an important factor for personal advancement D. indispensable to the development of company culture20. It is the author s view that_. A. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery B. hard work contributes very little to one s promotion C. many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery D. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature ( F )The latest research suggests a more prosaic, democratic, even puritanical view of the world. The key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not a divine spark. Its not I.Q., a generally bad predictor of success, even in realms like chess. Instead, its deliberate practice. Top performers spend more hours (many more hours) rigorously practicing their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, youd take a girl who possessed a slightly above average verbal ability. It wouldnt have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar biographical traits. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same ethnic background, or, shared the same birthday. This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fueling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. Shed be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly perceive its inner workings.Then she would practice writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practicing in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practicing slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems how do I get characters into a room dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.The primary trait she possesses is not some mysterious genius. Its the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what were “hard-wired” to do. And its true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behavior. 21. The passage mainly deals with _.A. the function of I.Q. in cultivating a writer B. the relationship between genius and successC. the decisive factor in making a genius D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction22. By reading novels and writers stories, the girl could _.A. come to understand the inner structure of writingB. join a fascinating circle of writers somedayC. share with a novelist her likes and dislikesD. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security23. In the girls long painstaking training process, _.A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her successB. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performanceC. she acquires the magic of some great achievementsD. she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write24. What can be concluded from the passage?A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in ones success.B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.C. As to the growth of a genius, I.Q. doesnt matter, but just his/her efforts.D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are. ( G ) Boiler room
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