新視野大學(xué)英語4unit3_section_Appt課件

-1-,UnitThreeSectionALongingforaNewWelfareSystem,-2-,Pre-readingActivities,NewWordsandExpressions,TextAnalysis,1,2,3,UnitThree,Summary,4,5,Writing,-3-,1.Whenyouaresick,youmaygototheschoolclinic.Howmuchdoyouneedtopayforyourmedicalexpenses?,Tips:Youjustneedtopay10%ofyourmedicinebills.,Pre-readingActivities,I.SocialWelfare,-4-,2.Whyjust10%?Whopaystherestforyou?,Itsapartofthesocialwelfaresystem.Thegovernmentpaystherestforyou.,Tips:,Pre-readingActivities,-5-,Publicassistanceprograms,commonlycalled“welfare”,providecashorbenefitsforparticularcategoriesofthefinanciallyneedy.,Pre-readingActivities,SocialWelfare,-6-,TheU.S.welfaresystemoperatesonboththefederalandstatelevels.ThefederalwelfareprogramisknownasSocialSecurity政府的公共福利計劃thatprovidesbenefitsorassistanceforchildcare,disability,foodandmedicalassistance.Thestatewelfareprograms,ontheotherhand,provideassistancetobothindividualsandlocalcommunitieswithstateschoolingandsocialinsurance.,Pre-readingActivities,TheU.S.SocialWelfare,-7-,Whichpersonismorelikelytogetwelfareassistance?Why?,Pre-readingActivities,arubbishpicker,78yearsold,nolivingpartner,nochildren,ateenageworker,15yearsold,parentsdied,workinginasmallcoalmine,-8-,achildbeggar,7yearsold,nochancetogotoschool,athree-year-oldchild,severelyill,nomoneyformedicaltreatment,Pre-readingActivities,amiddle-agedman,disabledwithbotharmsandlegs,stillearninghislifebyrepairingbicycles,asix-year-oldchild,disabledinwalking,beggingformoneyontheroad,Pre-readingActivities,Howcanwehelpthedisabled?,Usethemoderntechnologies-assistivetechnologiestomakethelifeofthedisabledmucheasier.ChineseNationalHelp-the-disabledDay-thethirdSundayofMay.Offermorejobvacancies.Buildbarrier-freefacilitiesnationwide.Improvetheserviceindustriestowardsthehandicapped.Reformonthemedicalandreliefpoliciesandmakethemmorefavorableandpractical.,-11-,Pre-readingActivities,NewWordsandExpressions,TextAnalysis,1,2,3,UnitThree,Summary,4,5,Writing,-12-,LanguagePoints,raw(Para.1L2),rawmaterial/cotton/sugar/silk原材料/籽棉/粗糖/生絲,Example,a.(offood)notcookedb.(ofmaterials)initsnaturalstatec.(ofinformation)notyetprocessed,rawmeat生肉,Thisinformationisonlyrawdataandwillneedfurtheranalysis.原始數(shù)據(jù),pension:Asumofmoneypaidregularlyasaretirementbenefit,Helivesonhispension.,aretirementpension退休金,2.Theytellthegovernmentthattheyaregettingtowhundreddollarslessthantheirrealpension(Para.1line4),pension,3.optvi.,tomakeachoice,Whenheleftschool,heoptedtogotocollegeandstudyforadegree,ratherthangettingajobstraightaway.,Manystudentsopttofurthertheirstudy.,Mostpeopleoptforbuyingtheirownhomesratherthanrentingthem.,opttodosth./optforsth.,Ihaveoptedtolivealifeofcompletehonesty.(para.2),4.Veryhigh-profile.(Para.2),e.g.Shehasagoodstrongprofile.她側(cè)面看上去美麗而堅毅。,n.1)asideviewofapersonsface側(cè)面,e.g.Theactorisphotographedinprofile,smokingacigarette.,這個演員從側(cè)面拍了一張抽煙的照片。,profile,2)ashortdescriptionthatgivesimportantdetailsaboutaperson,agroupofpeople,oraplace.人物簡介，概況,3)ahigh/lowprofile引人注目/低調(diào),writeaprofileforhim,給他寫小傳,keepalowprofile,保持低調(diào),DNAprofiling,DNA鑒定（forcrimeinspection）,profile,e.g.Compensationofinjuredworkershascostthecompanyalot.對受傷工人的補償花費了公司不少錢。,e.g.Shereceived$50,000incompensationforalosteye.她得到了5萬美金作為失去一只眼睛的補償費。,5.bowtothemascompensation.(Para.3),n.sth.giventocompensateforaloss補償,compensation,compensation,e.g.Nothingcancompensateforthelossoftime.虛度光陰是無法補償?shù)模ü怅幰蝗ゲ粡?fù)還）。,擴展,compensatev.補償,compensation,6.liberaln.,Csomeonewhoacceptsdifferentopinionsorwaysofbehaving,Heregardedhimselfasaliberalandafriendofthepoorandblackpeople.,他自認(rèn)為是一個開明的人，是窮人和黑人的朋友。,6.Mostcaseworkersbeginascollege-educatedliberalswithhighideals.(Para.3),6.liberala.,willingtoacceptdifferentopinionsorwaysofbehaving:開明的,Wewerefortunateenoughtohaveaveryliberalteacher.,她的父母思想開明，讓她擁有許多自由。,Herparentsareveryliberalandallowheralotoffreedom.,open-minded,enlightened,unprejudiced,7.alertvt.,1)tomakesomeonenoticesomethingimportantordangerous：提醒；引起重視,Ananonymous(匿名的)letteralertedpolicetothepossibilityofaterroristattackattheairport.,Healteredteacherstotheimportanceofobservingchildrenatplay.,alertsb.tosth.,7.Thenthemedicalworkeralertedthemainwelfare.(Para.12),7.alerta.,2)payingattentiontowhatishappeningandreadytoreactifnecessary,Passengersshouldtrytostayalertatalltimesandreportanysuspiciouspackagestothepoliceimmediately.,乘客應(yīng)該盡量一直保持警覺，發(fā)現(xiàn)任何可疑的包裹都要立即向警方報告。,bealerttodo,Theauthoritiesshouldhavebeenalerttothepossibilityofinvasion.,8.Somedaypeoplelikemewillthriveunderanewsystem(Para.17),v.growordevelopwell興旺發(fā)達(dá),thrive,e.g.Hethatwillthrive,mustriseatfive.諺五更起床,百事興旺。,e.g.Flowerswillnotthrivewithoutsunshine.花沒有陽光不會茂盛。,8.thrive,e.g.Shewasconvictedoftheft.她被判盜竊罪。,9.notseektoconvictthemofcheating.(Para.17),veordeclaresb.guilty證明有罪,convict,e.g.Therewasntenoughevidencetoconvicthim.沒有足夠證據(jù)證明他有罪。,9.convict,-25-,Pre-readingActivities,TextAnalysis,NewWordsandExpressions,1,3,2,UnitThree,Summary,4,5,Writing,Mainideaofthetext?Thereadingpassageexplorestheproblemsofthepresentwelfaresystemandexpressesthedesiretohaveanewsystem.Thepassagescanbebroadlydividedintothreeparts:howpeoplebehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystemandwhataretheproblemswithitandwhatshouldberequiredofthenewsystem.,Mainideaofthetext,-27-,Howisthetextorganized?,Thepassageiscomposedofthreeparts:1.howpeoplebehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystem2.whattheproblemsarewithit3.whatsolutionsshouldbeappliedtotheproblems.Theorganizationofthewholepassagegoesaftertheproblem-solutionpatternwithexamplesfromtheauthorsownexperiences.,Textanalysis,PartI(Paras.1-3),PartII(Paras.4-14),generalsituationhowthepeopleconcernedbehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystem,problemstheproblemsofthepresentwelfaresystem,PartIII(Paras.15-17),suggestionswhatshouldbedonewiththepresentwelfaresystem,TextAnalysis,-29-,LanguagePoints,tolongfor(Title),經(jīng)過多年戰(zhàn)爭后，人們都盼望和平。,Peoplelongedforpeaceaftermanyyearsofwar.,Example,haveadesirefor;wantverymuch,Welfareclientsarebelievedtocheatmoremoneyoutofthepresentwelfaresystem.(Para.1),Generalimagesofwelfareclientsandwelfarecaseworkersunderthepresentsystem,Therearewelfareclientswhochoosetolivealifeofcompletehonesty.(Para.2),Therelationshipbetweenwelfareclientsandcaseworkersistense.(Para.3),PartI,1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Awelfareclientissupposedtocheat.Everybodyexpectsit”?(Para.1),Hemeansthatawelfareclientisbelievedtolietogetalittleextrawelfaremoneyandthosecaseworkersknowitwell.,TextUnderstanding,Theyknowclearlythattheyarebeingmadefoolsofbysomeoftheirclients,andtheyfeeltheyareentitledtohaveclientsbowtothemascompensation.,Hehaschosentoliveanhonestlifebydrummingupsomebusinessoutsideanddrawingcartoonsformagazines.,2.Howhastheauthorchosentoliveasawelfareclient?(Para.2),3.Whatdocaseworkersreallyexpectwelfareclientstodo?(Para.3),-33-,LanguagePoints,besupposed/expectedto(Para.1L.1),2.Youresupposedtoasktheteacherifyouwanttoleavetheroom.,Example,a.bebelievedtobeb.berequiredtodosth.accordingtoarule,1.shessupposedtohavehadfivehundredpairsofshoes.,普遍認(rèn)為,應(yīng)該,-34-,LanguagePoints,bleed(Para.2L.3),2.Hedbeenwoundedinthearmandwasbleedingheavily.,Example,a.forcesb.topayalotofmoneyb.loseblood,1.Thewestisbleedingpoorercountriesdrythroughinterestpaymentsontheirdebts.,西方正通過債務(wù)利息榨干貧窮國家的財富。,向榨取,-35-,LanguagePoints,todrumup(Para2.L.2),DuringtheseasonofChristmaseachyear,tradersusetheirownuniquetrickstodrumuptheirbusiness.,每年圣誕節(jié)期間，商家們各顯神通來招攬生意。,Example,tryhardtogetsupport,customers,business,etc.竭力爭取(支持);兜攬(生意),e.g.Jessegavemoneyunderthetabletogettheapartment.杰西悄悄花錢弄到一套房間。,Oh,Imtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.(Para.2L.3),inasecretway背地里，私下,e.g.Theywerechargedwithtakingmoneyunderthetable.他們被指控私下拿錢。,underthetable/counter,LanguagePoints,-37-,Imtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.(para.2)Meaning:Ifeeladesiretobepaidwithoutbeingknowntoothers.ButevenifIcouldntresistthattemptationandwantedtobepaidunderthetable,bigmagazinesIamworkingforwontagreetogetthemselvesintotroublebytellingliesformysake.,LanguagePoints,-38-,LanguagePoints,sticky(Para.2L.4),2.Herhandswerestickyfromtheicecream.,1.astickyproblem/situation,Example,a.difficultorunpleasantb.coveredinasubstancethatstickstothingsthattouchit,棘手的,黏的,-39-,LanguagePoints,makeafoolofsb.(Para.3L.2),makeafoolofoneself,Yourbrotherismakingafoolofyou.,Example,obehavingfoolishly,Hewasdrinkingandmakingafoolofhimself.,他喝酒時，出盡了洋相。,愚弄，欺騙,出洋相,-40-,LanguagePoints,tobeentitledto(do)sth.(Para.3L.3),1.Everyoneisentitledto(air)hisownopinion.,Example,havetherighttohaveordosth.,2.Thisticketdoesnotentitleyoutotravelfirstclass.,對享有權(quán)利；有權(quán)做某事,Caseworkerstrytoconvictwelfareclientofcheating.Oneexampleisoffered.(Paras.4-8),Problemswiththepresentwelfaresystem,Welfareclientsfinditextremelydifficulttohavetheirwheelchairsrepaired.Oneexampleisoffered.(Paras.9-12),Ifwelfareclientsmakemoney,theyhavetogothroughtheembarrassingsituationofbeingquestionedtoaccountforeverypenny.(Para.13),Thewelfaresystemdoesnotencouragewelfareclientstoworktosupportthem-selvesandmakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.(Para.14),PartII,-42-,LanguagePoints,tolecturesb.aboutsth.(Para.9L.1),HesalwayslecturingmeaboutthewayIdress.,他總說我穿著不得體。,Example,就某事訓(xùn)斥某人,-43-,Iveheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage.(Para.9L.4)Meaning:Iveheardthatyouuseyourwheelchairmoreoftenthantheaverageclientsdo.Nowonderthatswhyyourwheelchairisalwaysbreakingdown.,LanguagePoints,e.g.Iherebycertifythattheaboveinformationistrueandaccurate.茲證明上述情況屬實且準(zhǔn)確無誤。,whowouldcertifythattherewasaproblem.(Para.12L.1),v.putsth.downinwritingasanofficialstatement證明,certify,LanguagePoints,e.g.Bidsforbuildingthebridgewereinvitedfrombigfirmsthroughoutthecountry.已向全國幾個大公司招標(biāo)建造這座橋梁。,.togetthecheapestbid.(Para.12L.3),n.1)anoffertopay出價,bid,e.g.Imadeabidof$150forthepainting.我出價150美元買這幅畫。,LanguagePoints,-46-,Thereisnoprovisioninthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.(Para.14L.1)Meaning:Thereisnotanitemoflawtoencouragewelfareclientstobegraduallyindependentofthewelfaresystem.逐漸脫離福利照顧,LanguagePoints,1.Answerthefollowingquestions:,handicapped;confinedtowheelchair;carryingaurinebageveryday;independent;self-respect;self-support;self-made,TextUnderstanding,1)Whatkindofpersonistheauthor?,-48-,TextUnderstanding,QandAaboutthetext:,RetelltheProceduretoAskforWheelchairRepairs,caseworker,medicalworker,wheelchairrepaircompany,mainwelfareoffice,thehandicappedclient,Itsverydifficultforwelfareclientstoaskforextrafinancialhelp.,3)Whatcanyouconcludefromtheprocedureofaskingforwheelchairrepairs?,TextUnderstanding,4)HowdoyoudescribeSuzanne?,arrogant;suspicious;indifferent;careless;business-like;adetective,TextUnderstanding,Thereneedstobelawyerstoprotecttherightsofwelfareclients.(Para.15),Suggestionstoimprovethepresentwelfaresystem,Welfareclientsshouldtakestepstofightformorerightsforthemselves.(Para.16),Anewsystemissuggestedtoencouragewelfareclientstodeveloptheirtalentsandsupportthemselves.(Para.17),PartIII,Hedreamsofanewsystemthatwillencouragetheclientsandhelpthemtodeveloptheirtalents,ratherthanseektoconvictthemofcheating.,Thesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabusebythewelfaregiversaswellasbytheclients.,Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthecurrentwelfaresystem?(para.15),Whatkindofnewwelfaresystemdoestheauthordreamof?(para.17),-53-,LanguagePoints,tolendoneselfto(Para.15L.2),Example,beeasilyusedforaparticularactivityorresult,適宜于；有助于,Anysystemoftaxationlendsitselftomanipulationbycleverorunscrupulousmen.,任何稅收制度都有可能被那些狡猾詭詐的人或無恥之徒鉆空子。,-54-,LanguagePoints,toconvictsb.ofdoingsth.wrong(Para.17L.2),Wehavenorighttoorderhimtoleaveschoolunlessthereisenoughevidencetoconvicthimofcheatingintheexam.,我們無權(quán)勒令他退學(xué)，除非有足夠的證據(jù)證明他考試作弊。,Example,declareguilty宣判有罪；使服罪,-55-,Somedaypeoplelikemewillthriveunderanewsystemthatwillencouragethemnotseektoconvictthemofcheating.(para.17)Meaning:Onedayinthefuture,disabledpeoplelikemelivingonwelfarewilldowellandgetsuccessfuliftheoldsystemistransformedintoanewonethatencouragesitsclientsinsteadofseekingtoprovethemtobecheating.,LanguagePoints,-56-,Pre-readingActivities,Summary,Newwords,1,4,2,UnitThree,Textanalysis,3,Writing,5,Fillinthechartwiththeinformationgiveninthetext.,earnpartoralloftheirownlivings;developtheirtalentwithoutguiltorfear.,encourageclientstowork/liveabetterlife/earntheirownlivings.,Peoplewillthriveunderit.,cheat;bleedthesystemfore