大學(xué)英語四級考試輔導(dǎo)-作文ppt課件

.,作文部分,大學(xué)英語四級考試專項輔導(dǎo),.,第一講基本常識篇第二講遣詞造句篇第三講布局謀篇第四講體裁篇第五講熟能生巧篇,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇,.,第一講基本常識篇,本講主要內(nèi)容:四級寫作命題剖析：命題范圍命題思路評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寫作應(yīng)試技巧：寫作的幾個基本步驟高分作文技巧如何提高寫作考場寫作注意事項,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,四級寫作具有顯著的現(xiàn)實性。它們基本上可以包括大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)、工作及課余生活或涉及當(dāng)前社會的變化、發(fā)展及進(jìn)步，或者一般的科普性的話題?？傊募墝懽鞯念}材不會出現(xiàn)偏題、怪題等現(xiàn)象，也不會讓學(xué)生寫一些不熟悉的社會現(xiàn)象或者與學(xué)生生活缺乏聯(lián)系的科技題材的題目。,四級寫作命題剖析：一、命題范圍,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,近幾年作文題目回顧：Nothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill(2011.12)(quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.Ivedoneithundredsoftimes.)Onlineshopping(2011.6)(現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上購物已成為一種時尚；網(wǎng)上購物有很多好處，但也有不少問題；我的建議)Howshouldparentshelpchildrentobeindependent?(2010.12)(目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切；為了讓孩子獨立，父母應(yīng)該)Duattendingshouldbegiventospelling?(2010.6)(如今不少學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫；出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因；為了改變狀況我認(rèn)為),CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,Creatingagreencampus(2009.12)(建設(shè)綠色校園十分重要；綠色校園不僅指綠色環(huán)境；為了建設(shè)綠色校園，我們應(yīng)該)Freeadmissiontomuseums(2009.6)(越來越多的博物館免費開放的目的是什么；也會帶了一些問題；我的看法)Limitingtheuseofthedisposableplasticbags(2008.12)(一次性塑料袋曾被廣泛使用；造成的問題；限制使用的意義)Recreationalactivities(2008.6)(娛樂活動多種多樣；娛樂活動可以使人們收益，也可能帶來危害；作為大學(xué)生，我認(rèn)為),CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,二、命題思路,四級考試作文項目的命題指導(dǎo)思想以大學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱及大學(xué)英語四級考試大綱為依據(jù)，試卷上可能給出題目，或規(guī)定情景，或要求看圖作文，或給出段首句要求續(xù)寫，或給出關(guān)鍵詞要求寫成短文，或要求分析圖表作文，或為日常應(yīng)用文（如信函、簡歷）等。通過對歷年四級作文真題的分析和歸納，可以看出四級作文的體裁多樣，主要有論說文、記敘文、圖表作文、應(yīng)用文等。,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,三、評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn),1）評分原則,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切2、為了讓孩子獨立，父母應(yīng)該,評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實例：2010年12月短文寫作,14分范文,11分范文,8分范文,5分范文,2分范文,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,寫作應(yīng)試技巧,文章的構(gòu)成1、字2、詞3、句4、段5、文,寫作的幾個基本步驟1、審題2、構(gòu)思3、選擇合適的框架之后動筆行文4、檢查修改,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,2007.12WhatElectivestoChoose?,1.個大學(xué)為學(xué)生開設(shè)了多種多樣的選修課2.學(xué)生出于各種原因選擇不同的選修課3.以我自己為例審題構(gòu)思相關(guān)詞匯：選修課，開設(shè)，原因，以為例,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,如何選詞,Translatethefollowingsentences：我們應(yīng)該通過不同的課程擴(kuò)大知識面。(Tobroadengeneralknowledge)Comparethefollowingsentences:Weshouldusedifferentcoursestobroadengeneralknowledge.Weoughttomakeuseofvariouselectivestobroadengeneralknowledge.Wearesupposedtotakeadvantageofdiverseoptionalstobroadengeneralknowledge.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,選詞存在的問題：,1、可供“調(diào)遣”的詞匯量貧乏，用詞大部分局限于中學(xué)詞匯。e.g.Goodpoints=Problems,badpoints=,benefits,advantages,merits,virtues,drawbacks,disadvantages,shortcomings,defects,demerits,flaw,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,2、表達(dá)相近意義時，常重復(fù)用一個詞，用詞單調(diào)e.g.Itsgoodforsb.todosth.good=,helpful,useful,beneficial,favorable,advantageous,doesgoodto,benefit,furthersome,選詞存在的問題：,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,cause,leadto,resultin,bringabout,arouse,giverise/birthto,contributeto,accountfor,引起，導(dǎo)致：,運用，利用，使用：,use,makeuseof,make(good,effective,wide,wise,full)useofsth.,take(full)advantageof,employ,impose,utilize,exert,apply,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,adaptto,adjustto,makefit,getusedto,beaccustomedto,beconditionedto,befitfor,習(xí)慣于，適應(yīng)于：,選修課=,electives,relatedcourses,optionals,interestingsubjects,acoursethatyouareinterestedin/thatisnotyourmajor/thathelpsyougetyourcredits,optionalcourses,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,.,如何造句,四級用句=長句+短句簡單句：e.g.Collegestudentsshouldgettoknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.Studyingabroadisbeneficialtoyoungpeopleinmanydifferentaspects.Informationplaysanimportantroleinourlifeandwork.Knowledgecanlayasolidfoundationforourfuturecareer.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,并列句：e.g.Behonest,oryouwillneverlearnanything.Weshouldnotjustsitherecomplaining,foritwouldbeofnouse.Somepeoplehavenomoneytospend,whileothershavenothingtospendmoneyon.常見的并列連詞and,notonlybutalso,then,but,while,for,eitheror,neithernor,or,orelse,nor,如何造句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,復(fù)合句：定語從句，主語從句等常用e.g.Childrenwholikefastfoodarenotverylikelytogetenoughnutritionfromit.Itiswell-knownthatlanguageisthemostcommonmeansofcommunication.Thoughstudymethodsmaydifferfrompersontoperson,thefollowingsuggestionsmightbebeneficialtoall.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,其它句子在寫作中的運用Whichwayisthebesttogettoknowthesociety,throughlisteningtotheradio,watchingTV,readingthenewspapers,ortakingpartinsocialactivities?DontyouagreewithmyideathatatestoforalEnglishbeincludedintheCET-4and6?Itiseducationthatmakesapersonwise.Whatanadvantageousthingitistostudyabroad!,二、如何造句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,句型多樣簡單句，并列句和復(fù)合句交替使用，靈活使用各種句子結(jié)構(gòu)如：倒裝句，省略句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句，非謂語動詞，疑問句，祈使句和感嘆句等。若要寫好作文，要寫好句子，首先要掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句式變化及句子類型，可通過對泛讀課文經(jīng)典句子的背誦提高應(yīng)用語言基本句型的能力。要善于模仿。Imitationisagoodwaytolearn.,二、如何造句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,Imitation,Neverbeforehavesomany(solargeaproportionof)peoplebeenattractedbyknowledge.,從來沒有這么多人出國留學(xué)。,Neverbeforehavesomanypeoplestudiedabroad.,withthedevelopmentofthesociety,隨著現(xiàn)代社會的發(fā)展，人們的生活水平越來越高了。,Withthedevelopmentofmodernsociety,peopleenjoyabetterlifethaneverbefore.,thesedaysoftenhitstheheadlinesofnewspapers.,最近，春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注。,Thesedays,SpringFestivalGalaonCCTVoftenhitstheheadlinesofnewspapers.,IfonlyIcouldbeamillionaire!,要是我能用金錢買到健康就好了！,IfonlyIcouldtradeallmypossessionsforhealth!,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成,Tobeaneducatedpersonisnoteasy.Firstlyweshouldknowclearlythepurposeofbeingeducated.Secondly,weshouldbediligentandpersistent,tryingourbesttoovercomeallthedifficultiesthatwecomeacross.Lastly,weshouldnotonlyeducateourselves,butalsohelpothersasmuchaspossibletoacquireknowledgeandskills.Generallyspeaking,aneducatedpersonwillhavemoreresponsibilityforhiscountryandthesociety.,主題句,段落推展,結(jié)論句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,Topicsentence主題句又稱主旨句或關(guān)鍵句，是一個段落中最重要的句子，是段落的“綱”。說明段落的中心思想和作者的寫作目的，是段落發(fā)展的依據(jù)。段落的每句話都應(yīng)緊密地聯(lián)系主題句所表達(dá)的中心內(nèi)容。寫好主題句是文章成功的關(guān)鍵。主題句的構(gòu)成主題句=主題+中心思想,三、段落構(gòu)成主題句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成主題句,examples:pleaseidentifythetwopartsDevelopingprivatecarsinChinahasmanypositiveaspects.Keepingpetsisbeneficialtopeopleinseveralaspects.Smokingresultsinaseriesofnegativeeffects.Thefollowingfactorscontributetosuccess.ThereasonswhybicyclesaresopopularinChinalieasfollows.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,開門見山，點出主題TherearemanywaysthroughwhichwecanimproveourEnglish.Aboveall,weshouldreadasmanyEnglishbooks,newspapersandmagazinesaspossible.Next,wemaylistentoEnglishprogramsontheradioorwatchEnglishprogramsonTVeveryday.Besides,itisnecessaryforustoseizeeveryopportunitytospeakEnglishbothinandafterclass.Finally,itisequallyimportanttoformthehabitoftakingnotesandkeepingadiaryinEnglish.主題句應(yīng)盡量清晰明了，簡練，用詞準(zhǔn)確，力求用一句話清楚地表達(dá)該段的中心。,三、段落構(gòu)成主題句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成主題句,主題句的寫作技巧Collegestudentsshouldtakepartinsocialpracticeandgettoknowtheworld.Goodhealthisimportanttous.3.Owningaprivatecarisveryconvenient.4.Thereareseveralreasonswhyweshoulddeveloptheindustryofprivatecars.5.Itisnecessaryforustogettoknowaboutthesociety.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成主題句,Andpeople,theyoungandwomeninparticular,aretryingvariouswaystoloseweight.,Nowadays,manypeopleareverymuchworriedaboutbeingoverweight.,Tobeginwith,theyareallawareofthedangerofbeingoverweight,whichmayleadtomanydiseasessuchashyper-tension,diabetesandheartattacks.Secondly,morepeoplehavebecomeconcernedabouttheirshapeandtheywanttoappearenergeticandyoung.Whatsmore,losingweightcanhelpthemfeelmentallyhealthierandbuilduptheirself-esteem.,Therearemanyreasonswhymoreandmorepeopleareconcernedaboutlosingweight.,losingweight,Firstofall,someofthepeoplewhowanttoremovetheirfateatlessoreatnothing.Besides,theytakeweight-reducingdrugs.Butthemosteffectiveandhealthywaytoloseweightistotakeproperexercises.,1._,2._,Therearedifferentmeansthroughwhichpeoplecanachievetheirgoaloflosingweight.,3._,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,下面段落有什么問題？Differentpeoplespendtheirweekendsindifferentways.Someenjoygoingtothemountainstohike,skiorjustrelax.Waterskiingismuchmoredifficultthansnowskiing.Othersprefergoingtothebeachtoenjoytheseashoreactivitiesandtogetasuntan.Someofthesepeopleworkveryhardduringtheweek;othershaveratherrelaxingjobs.Stillothersliketorelaxbystayinghomeandreadingagoodbook.Workingatapart-timejobwhilestudyingatauniversityhasmanyadvantages.Ifstudentscangetajobintheirareaofstudy,theyaregainingvaluableexperienceandputtingtheirknowledgetouseimmediately.Theextramoneytheycanearnwillbeusefulformeetingtuitionfeesandenjoyinguniversityactivities.Also,theywillhavepersonalsatisfactionofhavingcontributedtotheirowneducation.Studentswhoneedextramoneycanholddownafull-timetemporaryjobduringtheirsummervacation.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,定義法分類法列舉法因果關(guān)系法對照比較法綜合法,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,Thereisnothinghardintheworldforpeoplewithastrongwill.Atask,nomatterhowdifficult,canbeaccomplishedifapersonmakesuphismindtodoit.TakeRomeasanexample.ItisknownthatRomewasnotbuiltinaday.Beforeshewasbuilt,herfoundershadsufferedagreatdealofseverehardship,buttheyneverlosttheirfaithandeventuallysucceededintheirefforts.Columbus,whodiscoveredAmerica,isanotherexampleofstrongdetermination.Inspiteofdefeatandaffliction,hewentforwardandsucceededbecauseofhissinglenessofpurposeandperseverance.,例證法,例證法,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,表示例證的方法forexample,forinstance,asanexample,foratypicalexample,suchas,soonLetsillustrate,show,provewiththefollowingexampleLetstakeasanexampleAnexample,aninstance,a(typical)caseinpointe.g.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyhasbroughtaboutmanychangesinpeopleslife.Thiscanbebestillustratedbytheinventionoftelevision,whichhasopenedaneweraformankind.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,exercise:Itisoftenbelievedthatpracticemakesperfect.,Forexample,whenwelearnEnglish,wehavetolearnsuchthingsasgrammar,vocabulary,structureandsoon.Inordertoachievefluencyandaccuracyaswell,weneedpracticeinlistening,speaking,readingandwriting.OnlythroughconstantpracticecanwehaveagoodcommandofEnglish.Anothercaseinpointislearningtoplaythepiano.Itisthroughrepeatedpracticethatapersonlearnstoplaythepianoandbecomesaskillfulpianist.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,定義法分類法例證法因果關(guān)系法對照比較法綜合法,Attendingschoolsabroadhasmanyadvantages.Inthefirstplace,studentscanlearnadvancedknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyfromtheadvancedcountries.Inthesecondplace,schoolsabroadcanprovidestudentswithabettercircumstancetolearnforeignlanguagesandmakethemgraspthemmorequickly.Furthermore,whilestudyingabroad,youngstudentscanlearntobecomeindependentanddevelopall-roundabilityinordertoadapttotherealityofsociety.,列舉法,列舉法,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,表示列舉的方法firstofall/Aboveall,secondly,moreoverinthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,furthermore/whatsmoretobegin(start)with,secondly,inadditionforonething,foranotherthing,forstillanotherthinge.g.TourismbringsChinaalotofgood.Tobeginwith,itenablestheChinesetoknowabouttheoutsideworldandcontributestointernationalfriendshipandmutualunderstanding.Moreimportantly,itisfinanciallybeneficialtoChinabecausetourismgreatlyencouragesforeigninvestmentinChina.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,exercise：Collegestudentswhotakepart-timejobscanlearnanumberofthingsthatarenottaughtintheclassroom.,Firstofall,sincetheyhavebusyschedules,theyhavetolearnhowtobudgettheirtimemoreeffectively.Theygainexperiencesinorganizingtheirdayofactivitiesproperly.Secondly,sinceanyjobinvolvescontactsandcooperationwithotherpeople,theylearnhowtogetalongwellwithdifferentkindsofpeople.Mostimportantofall,part-timejobsgivestudentsachancetolearnthevalueofresponsibility.Inbrief,whattheylearnfromdoingpart-timejobsenhancestheirintegrityaswellastheirpracticalabilities.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,原因分析,用why或what設(shè)問Whyisduststormsoserious?Whathascausedtheduststorm?Whatarethereasonsforthephenomenon?Whatisresponsiblefortheproblem?用陳述句：Thereasonsforthephenomenon,whicharequiteobvious,canbelistedasfollows.Theanswertotheprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfortheproblem.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,ThemostimpotentreasonscitedbypeopleisOneofthemostpopularreasonsisTherearemanyfactorscontributetothephenomenon.TobeginwithAnotherimpotentreasonis.AlsoplayingapartisMoreover/BesidesThethirdreason,whichcannotbeneglected,isthatInaddition,isalsoresponsibleforthephenomenon.,三、段落構(gòu)成推展句,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,exercise,Televisionisindispensable1._.2.Televisionpresentsavividworldinfrontofus.3.Itplaysaneducationalroleinourdailylife.4.UniversityTVhasbeenrecognizedasthemosteffectivemethodofpart-timeeducation.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成結(jié)論句,結(jié)論句e.g.Nothingismorevaluablethangoodhealth.Goodhealthisthefoundationofonesfuturesuccess.Ifapersoneasilyfallsill,itishardlypossibleforhimtopursueacareersuccessfully.Ontheotherhand,ifheisstrongandfit,hecangoallouttoovercometheobstaclesthatlieaheadofhim.Infact,goodhealthisessentialfortheenjoymentoflife.在段落最后用來總結(jié)全段，深化主題的句子。首尾呼應(yīng)，加強(qiáng)段落的整體性。要注意：結(jié)論句不能簡單地重復(fù)主題句，而應(yīng)使之深化和加強(qiáng)。可以用不同的句子來表達(dá)同一個主題和思想，做到前后照應(yīng)。,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成結(jié)論句,exercise:Moneycannotbuyeverything.Forinstance,nomatterhowmuchmoneyonehas,hecannotbuygoodhealth,whichisessentialtoagoodlife.Neithercanhebuyhappinessorfriendship._.,Thus,althoughmoneyisusefulinmanyways,therearestillalotofthingsintheworldthatcannotbeboughtwithmoney,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,三、段落構(gòu)成過渡,段落中句與句的過渡過渡語的使用是指句與句，段與段之間銜接更緊密更具連貫性。過渡語可以是詞，短語，也可以是一個句子。通過使用過渡語可以使文章更緊湊，脈絡(luò)更清楚。,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的過渡語,Inaddition,furthermore,moreover,besides,also,whatsmoreNotonlybutalso,similarly,Anotherisisanotherisalsoafactor.,三、段落構(gòu)成過渡,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,表示對比對照的過渡語,Incontrast,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,incomparison,onthecontrary,unlike,like,contraryto,whereas,while,conversely,differ/varygreatly/vastlyfromDifferentfrom,othersbelievethat,三、段落構(gòu)成過渡,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,表示轉(zhuǎn)折的過渡語,Though,although,however,nevertheless,nonetheless,eventhoughLetslookattheothersideofthecoin.Aseverythinghastwosides,weshouldnotneglecttheothersideofthecoin.Justastherearetwosidesofacoin,thenegativeaspectofcannotbeoverlooked.,三、段落構(gòu)成過渡,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,表示因果關(guān)系的過渡語,Becauseof,onaccountof,dueto,owingto,thanksto,for,because,since,as,forthisreasonTherefore,so,asaresult,consequently,inconsequence,accordingly,hence,thusThereasonswhy/forare/lieinresultsinresultfrom,三、段落構(gòu)成過渡,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,表示結(jié)論的過渡語,Tosumup,toconclude,tosummarizeInsum,insummary,inconclusion,inall,inaword,inshort,inbriefSo,therefore,thusWecancometotheconclusionthatAconclusioncanbereachedthat,三、段落構(gòu)成過渡,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,exercise:MyViewonFakeCommodities,Nowadaystherearealotoffakecommoditiesonthemarket._.Theyhavecausedmanyharmsinsociety.First,fakecommoditiesdamagetheconsumersinterests._,fakecommoditiesaffectbusinessmenandmanufacturers,too.Thosewhohavebeendeceivedwillbereluctanttoconsume,whichwillmakebusinessslack._,somefakecommoditiessuchasmedicine,gascylinderandelectricdeviceswillendangerpeopleslivesandsocialsecurity._.First,thelawsoftheprotectionofconsumersshouldbeenforcedtoseverelypunishthosewhoproduceorsellfakecommodities.Second,consumersshouldbetaughthowtotellgoodcommoditiesfromfakeones.Third,theyshouldbeadvisedtoprotecttheirowninterestsandnottobeledastraybyfalseadvertisements._,thewholesocietyshouldpaycloseattentiontotheproblemoffakecommoditiesandlaunchacampaignagainstthem.Onlyinthiswaywillfakecommoditiesbepossiblyeliminatedfromthemarketinthefuture.,三、段落構(gòu)成過渡,Inaddition,Worstofall,Therearemanywaystoeliminatefakecommoditiesbutthefollowingonesmaybeeffective,Inaword,Theyrangefromdailycommoditiestoexpensivegoods,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第二講遣詞造句,.,1.審題,11.體裁（議論文、說明文、描述文）例:Directions:Forthispart,yourareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicTryingtoBeAGoodUniversityStudent.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:（1）做合格大學(xué)生的必要性（2）做合格大學(xué)生的必備條件（可以德智體等方面談）（3）我打算這樣做,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,12.根據(jù)不同體裁確定寫作方法,例如上述作文的三段主題句分別為：Itisverynecessarytobeagooduniversitystudent.(議論體主題句)Thereareseveralrespectsofnecessitiestobeagooduniversitystudent.（說明體的主題句）WhatIwilldointhefutureisthefollowing.（描述題的主題句）,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,如果要求句是英語就可以把它擴(kuò)充成主題句，題為GoodHealth的這篇作文：（1）Importanceofgoodhealth（2）Waystokeepfit（3）Myownpractice這樣的作文的要求句就可以擴(kuò)展成主題句。擴(kuò)展后三段的主題句分別為：Itisveryimportanttohavegoodhealth.(將名詞importance變成形容詞important)Therearefourwaystokeepfitforme.(用therebe句型)Myownpracticesarethefollowing.（采用原詞）,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,3.條理:對于議論文來說，正反面要清楚,對于說明文來說，1、2、3條要清楚,對于描述文要來，誰干什么要清楚。,主題句（Itisveryimportanttohavegoodhealth.,正面（Withgoodhealth,wecan.）,反面(Withoutgoodhealth,wecandonothing.Wecantdo.)主題句（Therearefourwaystokeepfit.）：Firstly,weshouldhaveourbreakfastinthemorning.Second,weshouldhaveanapatnoon.Third,sportsexercisesarenecessaryintheafternoon.Andfourth,wecouldhaveapleasantfeelingintheeveningbylisteningtothemusic.）主題句（Myownpracticesarethefollowing.）具體情況（主語為第一人稱代詞I，與第二段呼應(yīng)）Inthemorning,Ihavemybreakfast.Atnoon,Ihaveanap.Andintheafternoon,Ialwaysplayfootball.Intheevening,Iusuallylistentotheclassicmusic.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,4.十二句作文法,A-BB-CC-DD-E,流水賬，沒有中心,1.Therearefourwaystokeepfit.-Therearefourormorewaystokeepfitforeveryoneofus.,2.Firstly,weshouldhaveourbreakfastinthemorning.-Firstly,weshouldhaveourbreakfast,suchasmilk,eggs,breadandsoon,inthemorning.Second,weshouldhaveanapatnoon.,3.Second,weshouldhaveanapatnoon.-Secondly,weshouldhaveashortnap,even30minutes,atnoon.,4.Third,sportsexercisesarenecessaryintheafternoon.-Thirdly,sportsexercisesarenecessaryforeveryoneandwecandosomesportsexercisesintheafternoon.,5.Andfourth,wecouldhaveapleasantfeelingintheeveningbylisteningtomusic.-Andfourthly,wecouldhaveapleasantfeelingintheeveningbylisteningtobothpopularandclassicmusic.,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,2構(gòu)思在草稿紙上寫下所能想到的觀點和關(guān)鍵詞，然后認(rèn)真篩選。3.選擇合適的框架之后動筆行文根據(jù)寫作的體裁和類別,選擇相應(yīng)的模式.大致框架-各段內(nèi)容的安排和過渡要求:積累一定數(shù)量的套句及過渡連接詞,并按不同框架選擇適合自己的模板,考試時將已經(jīng)構(gòu)思好的觀點和想法填入其中,略加潤色,注意:在寫作過程中,不要輕易改變立場或觀點,應(yīng)盡可能按已經(jīng)構(gòu)思好的所例內(nèi)容進(jìn)行,如果你想到什么寫什么,那么你的文章就會顯得雜亂無章，缺乏連貫性。,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,4檢查修改,（1）單詞拼寫和句式表達(dá)是否正確。（2）字母大小寫和標(biāo)點符號是否正確。（3）主謂是否一致以及名詞與其限定語的單復(fù)數(shù)一致性如何。（4）指代使用是否準(zhǔn)確。（5）動詞形式，涉及時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等（6）避免詞性混用，包括形容詞與副詞、名詞與動詞、形容詞與動詞等。（7）句式是否有變化。（8）每一段話是否都緊扣文章的主題，是否都得到了充分的展開。（9）文章是否連貫，是否使用了過渡性詞語，句子之間和段落之間是否都具有邏輯性和條理性。,CET-4應(yīng)試輔導(dǎo)-作文篇第一講基本知識,.,1）整潔的卷面和漂亮的書寫。2）字?jǐn)?shù)要達(dá)到最低要求。3）結(jié)構(gòu)要完整，脈胳要清晰。4）避免低級錯誤。,1）擴(kuò)大閱讀量2）精讀相關(guān)范文3）掌握常用框架結(jié)構(gòu)4）熟記常用套句