2016年高中英語句型歸納

高中英語句型歸納,1.bedoing/beabouttodo/beonthepointofdoing/haddone,when(when：這時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作的突然發(fā)生)1).Iwaswalkingalongtheriver,whenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp.2).Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.3).Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang,announcingtheexamwasover.,2.Itwas(not)+時(shí)間段+before+一般過去時(shí)過了一段時(shí)間就.Itwill(not)be+時(shí)間段+before+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)要過一段時(shí)間才會Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since.Itwas+點(diǎn)時(shí)間+when.Itwas+時(shí)間狀語+that.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）,1).Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不久他就意識到他處境危險(xiǎn)（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）2).Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.還有半年你才從這個(gè)學(xué)校畢業(yè)（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）3).Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere.=helefthere.（since從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞若是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，要從這個(gè)動(dòng)作結(jié)束的時(shí)候算起）4).Itwas3oclockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone.5)Itwasat3oclockthattheyreceivedthetelephone.,3.no比較級than:A與B都不/僅僅，只有not比較級than:A不如B/不超過，至多morethan與其.倒不如(=notas/so.as)morethan=notonly不僅僅.1).HeworksnoharderthanI.他和我都不用功2).HedoesntworkharderthanI.他不如我用功3).Therearenomorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里僅有七個(gè)人4).Therearenotmorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里至多有七個(gè)人,5).Heismorediligentthanclever.與其說他聰明，倒不如說他勤奮Heisnotas/socleverasdiligent.6)Itismorelikeameetingthanlikeaparty.-Itisnotasapartyasameeting7).Mr.Zhangismorethanmyteacher,heisalsomybestfriend.張先生不僅僅是我的老師，他還是我的朋友,當(dāng)名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面又由adj.修飾時(shí)，注意冠詞的位置，即so+adj+a(n)+n或such+a(n)+adj.+n1).Heissuchanhonestperson/sohonestapersonthatyoucandependonhimwhenyouareintrouble.當(dāng)so/such引導(dǎo)的部分位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)1).Suchgreatprogresshashemadeinhisstudiesthatwealladmirehim.當(dāng)主從句主語一致時(shí)可與動(dòng)詞不定式相互轉(zhuǎn)換,即變成so/such.astodo結(jié)構(gòu)。1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarastoputonweighteasily.,4.once.一旦.,表示時(shí)間和條件1)Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained,youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework.2).Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething,youshouldfinishitanddoitwell.5.The+比較級.，the+比較級.越,越1)Themorebooksyouread,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.2)Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.,6.whether.or.無論是.還是.1).Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.2).Anyperson,whetheryoungorold,hashisownworth.7.祈使句+or/otherwise+結(jié)果句或祈使句+and+結(jié)果句1).Stopdoingsuchfoolishthing,oryouwillbepunishedintime.2).Moreeffort,andtheproblemwouldhavebeensettled.3).Thinkitover,andyouwillfindtheanswer.,8.so/such.that.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)須注意當(dāng)名詞前many,much,little,few有修飾時(shí),用so不用such因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)的中心詞不再是名詞，而是many,much,little,few這些表示數(shù)量的詞。1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarthattheyputonweighteasily.2).Therearesofewfishinthelakethatwecouldntfishthemeasily.,9.sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句與結(jié)果狀語從句sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí)常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用（=inorderthat），當(dāng)主從句主語一致時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換為soastodo/inordertodo.1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothathecouldhearthenewsclearly.Heturneduptheradioalittlesoastohearthenewsclearly.2).Heclosedallthewindowswhiledrivingsothatheshouldntcatchcold.(否定句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用shouldnt)sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句一般不與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothatheheardthenewsclearly.,10.Howdidsbcometodo.?=Howcomethat.為什么會./是怎么回事？表示要求對所發(fā)生的事情說明理由或做出解釋1).Howdidyoucometofindoutwhereshesliving?=Howcomethatyoufoundout.你是怎么打聽到她住在哪兒的?2).Howcomethatyousatthere,doingnothing?為什么坐在那兒什么也不干?3).Howdidhecometobesofoolish?,11.everytime/eachtime/nexttime/thefirsttime/anytime等短語引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“每當(dāng).,每次.,下次.”1).Everytimeyoumeetwithnewwordswhilereading,dontalwaysrefertoyourdictionary.Whenyoumeetwithnewwordseverytime.2)Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.3)Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.,12Thereis(no)needtodo./for.-Itis(not)necessaryforsb.todo.Thereis(no)hope/chance/possibilityofdoing.Thereis(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay(in)doing1).Isthereanychanceofus/ourwinningthematch?2).Thereisnopointindiscussingtheproblemagain.,Therebe句型：therebe之后如有幾個(gè)并列主語，be動(dòng)詞的選擇要取決于第一個(gè)主語，即就近原則。1).Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.-Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.Therebe句型中，be動(dòng)詞還有其他變化形式，常見的有：Thereseemtobe,Therehappentobe,Thereusedtobe,Thereislikelytobe,Therehavebeen/hasbeen等,1).Thereseems/appearstobemuchhopeofourteamwinningthematch.2).TherehappenedtobenobodyintheroomwhenIcamein.3).Therehavebeengreatchangesinmyhometownsince1978.4).Thereusedtobeabusstationatthecornerofthestreet.5).Therearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthanexpectedwhilewearecarryingouttheplan.,13.it強(qiáng)調(diào)句：基本構(gòu)成形式：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+原句剩余部分e.g.:Imethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.ItwasIwho/thatmethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)是我，不是別人)Itwashimwho/thatImetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)我遇見的是他，不是別人)ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterdayafternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)是在大街上，不是在別的地方，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)，但不用where)ItwasyesterdayafternoonthatImethiminthestreet(強(qiáng)調(diào)是昨天下午，不是在別的時(shí)候,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間，但不用when),強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句：Is/Wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+原句剩余部分強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句：What/When/Where/Who/Howis/wasit+who/that+原句剩余部分1).Whowasitthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?Tellmewhoitwasthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?,14.do,did,does用于強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞，加強(qiáng)語氣1).Heisagoodstudent.-Hedoesbeagoodstudent2).Hehelpedusyesterday.Hedidhelpusyesterday.3).Becareful!Dobecareful!,15.not/never.until直到.才1).Thevillagersdidntrealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver.Itwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizedhowseriousthepollutionwas.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.（倒裝句）,16notonly.but(also).引導(dǎo)并列結(jié)構(gòu)：主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與鄰近的一個(gè)主語保持一致。1).Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentshavetheireyesexaminedregularly.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherhashiseyesexaminedregularly.2).Theysuggestedweshouldnotonlyattendtheparty,butgiveaperformance.Theysuggestedweshouldgiveaperformanceaswellasattendtheparty,notonly.but(also).引導(dǎo)并列句時(shí)，notonly引導(dǎo)的部分置于句首時(shí)要部分倒裝1).Notonlywaseverythinghehadtakenaway,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway.2).Notonlyshouldwestudentsstudyhard,butalsoweshouldknowhowtoenjoyourselvesinoursparetime.,16.prefertodoAratherthandoB（兩者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B=wouldratherdoAthandoB1).Iprefertostayathomeratherthangototheparkinsuchweather.2).Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwaysprefertorideabicycle.,18.wouldrather+從句（從句要用虛擬語氣，即從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式，表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?；從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)，表示對過去的愿望）1).Idratheryoupostedtheletterrightnow.我想讓你現(xiàn)在就把信寄出去。2).-Afriendofyourswillcometoseeyoutoday.你的一位朋友今天要來看你。-Idratherhecameheretomorrow.我倒情愿他明天來。3).Idratheryouwerenotacelebratedactor.Inthatcase,wecouldspendmoretimetogether.我倒情愿你不是什么名演員，這樣我們可以有更多的時(shí)間在一起。4).IdratherIhadntseenheryesterday.我情愿昨天沒見到她。,不能用wouldrathersb.do（更愿讓某人干某事）的形式，可轉(zhuǎn)化為wouldratherhavesbdo或轉(zhuǎn)化為wouldrather+從句*1).Whowouldyourather_withtheteacherabouttheproblem?A.talkingB.talkC.havetalkedD.havetalk答案：D,19.so,neither/nor引導(dǎo)得倒裝句表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的情況也適用于后者，用so,neither/nor引導(dǎo)得倒裝句，助動(dòng)詞的選擇依據(jù)前一句的謂語動(dòng)詞。1).Hehasfinishedhishomework,sohaveI.2).Mysisterpreferscoffee,sodoI.3).Johncantrideabicycle,neither/norcanI.,4).Ifhebuysthebook,sowillhisclassmates.,若前句的謂語動(dòng)詞既有肯定又有否定形式時(shí)，或謂語動(dòng)詞不屬于一類時(shí)，用Itis/wasthesamewithsb.或Soitis/waswithsb.1).Heisaworkerandheworkshard,soitiswithJohn.若后一句是對前一句所說的內(nèi)容表示贊同或認(rèn)可，則主語和謂語不倒裝。1).-Itiscoldtoday.-Yes.Soitis2).-HevisitedTokyolastweek.-Yes.Sohedid.,20.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：A+謂語+倍數(shù)+the+n.(size/height/length)+ofBA+謂語+倍數(shù)+as+abj.+asBA+謂語+倍數(shù)+adj.比較級+thanBA+謂語+adj.比較級+thanB+by+倍數(shù)1).Thissquareistwicethesizeofthatone.Thissquareistwiceaslargeasthatone.Thissquareisoncelargerthanthatone.2).Thisfactoryproducedthreetimesasmanycarsastheydid10yearsago.3).Heis3yearsolderthanI-HeisolderthanIby3years,21.sb.spendmoney/timeonsth./indoingsthsb.paymoney(tosb)forsth.sth.costsb.money/timeIttakessb.sometimetodosth.1).ThetimehespendswatchingTVisasmuchashedoesdoinghishomework.2).Themp3.forwhichhepaidonly￥150provedtobeuseful.3).Thenaughtyboycosthismothermanysleeplessnights.,22.as/with表示“隨進(jìn)展”，as后面接句子，with后面接短語1).Withtheindustrydeveloping,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Astheindustrydevelops,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.23.with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（作狀語或作定語）with+n.+adj.(with可以省略)1).(With)thestreetwetandslippery,wehadtorideourbikesslowlyandcarefully.Becausethestreetwerewetandslippery,.2).Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,(with)theireyeswideopen.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,andtheireyeswerewideopen.,with+n.+adv.(with可以省略)1).Heputonhiscoathurriedly,(with)thewrongsideoutwith+n.+prep-phrase(with可以省略)1).Theoldmanwasseatedinthesofa,(with)apipeinhismouth.(Also:pipeinmouth)with+n.+todo/tobedone（動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作還未進(jìn)行）with+n.+doing/beingdone（動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）with+n.+done（動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或指n.所處的狀態(tài)）,1).Withsomanyproblemstosettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardyear.2).Hewaslyinginbed,withhiseyesfixedontheceiling3).Withthetemplebeingrepaired,wecantvisitedit.,24.以here,there,in,out,up,down等副詞開頭的倒裝句(多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。)1).Herecomesthebus!(=Thebusiscominghere!)2).Awayhewent.他走遠(yuǎn)了（若主語是代詞則主語與謂語不倒裝）25方位狀語位于句首時(shí)的倒裝句1).Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.2).Underthetreesataboy,withabookinhishand.,26.具有否定意義的副詞或短語位于句首時(shí)句子要部分倒裝。常用的此有：little,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,nosooner,innotime,bynomeans,innocase等1).Notasinglemistakedidhemakeintheexam.2).Innotimedidthemanrealizewhatwashappening.3).Innocasecanyoutellhimthetruth.4).Hardlyhadthetrainleftwhenherememberedhehadlefthissuitcaseonit.Nosoonerhadthetrainleftthanherememberedhehadlefthissuitcaseonit.,27.themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,ondoing表示“一.就”1).Onarriving(hisarrival)attheairport,hewassurroundedbythereporters.2).-HaveyougiveJohnthebook?-Yes,themomentIsawhim.28.while/but：while側(cè)重兩者之間的對比，but多指一件事的兩個(gè)對立面。1).HelikeslisteningtomusicwhileIlikewatchingTV.2).Ibadlywantedthatbook,butIhaventenoughmoney.,29.onlytodo作結(jié)果狀語，多用來表示出人意料、結(jié)局令人沮喪的結(jié)果。動(dòng)詞多是終結(jié)性的詞，如：find,learn,tobetold,tobecaught等1).Hisfatherdisappeared,nevertoheardfromagain.2).Hehurriedtohisoffice,onlytobetoldthathewasdismissed.30.only+狀語的結(jié)構(gòu)放在句首，主句要部分倒裝1).Theteachertoldmethatonlyinthatway,couldIlearnEnglishwell.2).Ireceivedmymotherscallat11a.m.,onlythendidIrememberitwasmybirthdaytoday.,31.Whatdoyouthinkof?（這三個(gè)句式用來詢問某人對某個(gè)事物的評價(jià)或看法，Howdoyoufind?其回答應(yīng)該是評價(jià)性的話語）Howdoyoulike.?1).-Howdoyoufindthefilmlastnight?-Ihaveneverseenaworseonebefore.,32.Whatis/waslike?用來詢問人或事物的特征或本質(zhì)1).-Whatisyourmotherlike?-Sheisaveryniceperson./Sheisverybeautiful./Shelookslikeherfather.2).-Whatistheweathergoingtobethisweekend?-Itisgoingtobefine.,33.taste,smell,look,sound,feel等感官動(dòng)詞作為系動(dòng)詞后面要接adj.作表語。1).Appleofthiskindtasteverynice.2).Smellingnice,thiskindofbreadsellswell.34.有些動(dòng)詞常用作不及物動(dòng)詞與well或easily連用，表示某物具備的某種特征。常用的詞有sell,cut,wash,last,burn等。1).Hislatestworksellswell2).Drywoodburnseasily.,35.否定詞與比較級連用，表達(dá)最高級的含義1).Ihaveneverseenabetterfilm.2).Icantagreeyoumore.我非常同意36It的句型1.不定式作主語，it作形式主語：It+系動(dòng)詞+adj./n.+forsb.todo(forsb.表示動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)It+系動(dòng)詞+adj.+ofsb.todo（ofsb.既表示動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有表示人所具備的性質(zhì)或特征）,1).ItsimportantforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.2).Howrudeofhimtotreatachildlikethat!3).Itsthoughtfulofhimtofixusupforthenight.2.不定式作賓語，it作形式賓語：主語+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+forsb./ofsb.+todo1).Ifeelitfoolishofhimtobelievesuchaman.2).Thetimelyrainhadmadeitpossibleforthecropstogrowwell.,3.Itissaid/thought/hoped/believed.thatSb.issaid/thought/hoped/believedtodo.1).Itissaidthatheisstudyingabroad.-Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.2).ItisconsideredthatmanycountrieshighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworldspeace.ManycountriesisconsideredtohighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworldspeace.,4.whenitcomesto.當(dāng)談到或涉及到1).Heisamanoffewwords,butwhenitcomestoplayingcomputer,hewillbeexcitedandfullofenergy.2).Whenitcomestohelpinghiswifewiththehousework,Johnnevercomplains.,5.Itisuptosb.todosth.應(yīng)由某人來做某事.1)-Whenshallwestartout?-Itsuptoyoutodecide.2).ItsuptoyoutobabysitmysowhileIamawayonbusiness.beuptosth.忙于.,從事.,勝任.1).Johnisntreallyuptothatjob.約翰不適合干那項(xiàng)工作2).Whathaveyoubeenuptorecently?最近你一直在忙些什么,6.Itistimetodo/Itistimethat+主語+動(dòng)詞的一般過去式該是做.的時(shí)候了Itistimethatweendedthediscussion.,36.虛擬語氣中的重點(diǎn)句型If+were/did(動(dòng)詞過去式)，主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（would,could,might,should）+do（用來表示對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)）1).Idonthaveacellphone.IfIhadone,itwouldbeconvenientformetocontractothers.If+haddone(過去完成式)，主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（would,could,might,should）+havedone（用來表示對過去情況的假設(shè)）1).IfIhadgonetotheconcert,Iwouldhaveseenthefamoussinger.,If+were/did(動(dòng)詞過去式)，主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（would,could,might,should）+doweretodoshoulddo（用來表示對將來情況的假設(shè)）1).IfIwerenottotake/shouldtake/tooktheexamtomorrow,Iwouldgoshoppingwithyou.虛擬語氣條件句的倒裝：在虛擬語氣條件句中，如果出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞were,should,had，可省略if,把這些詞提到主語前面，變成倒裝句。,1).Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,Werehetoactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.Ifheweretoactlikethatagain,*Ifheactedlikethatagain,（不可以倒裝）2).Hadthedoctorcomeintimelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.Ifthedoctorhadcomeintimelastnight,.3).IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldgotothefilmwithyou.（不可以倒裝,因?yàn)榫渲械膆ad不是助動(dòng)詞）,Butfor.-Ifitwerenotfor./Ifithadntbeenfor1).Butforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboardwouldnthavebeensaved.Ifithadntbeenforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboard2).Butforyourrichparents,youwouldntlivesuchaeasylife.Ifitwerenotforyourrichparents,youwouldntlivesuchaeasylife.,再suggest,insist,demand,require,request,order,advise,propose等表示建議、要求、命令、主張的動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用(should)do的形式1).MotherinsistedthatJohn(should)gotobedbefore9oolock.對比：HeinsistedthatIhadtakenawayhisdictionary.（不是建議、要求、命令或主張）2).HissuggestionthatTony(should)beinvitedtothepartywasrefused.（同位語從句）對比：Hiswordssuggestedthathewasveryangrywithme.（不是建議、要求、命令或主張）,37.asif/asthough.（表示與事實(shí)相反，用虛擬；若表示即將成為事實(shí)或有可能成為事實(shí)，則用陳述語氣）1).Hewasingreattrouble,butheactedasifnothinghadhappened.2).Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime,theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears3).Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.,38.n./adj./adv./v.+as/though+主語+謂語，盡管,.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句1).Childasheis,IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.2).Tryashemight,hecouldntsolvetheproblem.3).MuchasIrespecthim,Icantagreewithhisidea.,39.ratherthan1).Itisbettertoaskforhelpatthebeginningratherthantowaituntilabusyperiodwheneveryoneisrushedofftheirfeet.2).Itisthebosswhoistoblameratherthantheworkers.,40.疑問詞+ever=nomatter+疑問詞,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句或名詞性從句1).Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)youlike,youcantakeitaway.(讓步狀語從句)Youcantakeawaywhichever(=anyonethat)youlike(名詞性從句)2).Wheneveryoucomes,youwillbewelcome.(讓步狀語從句)3).Whateverhappens,Iwillsupportyou.(讓步狀語從句)4).Whoeverbreaksthelaw,hewillcertainlybepunished.(讓步狀語從句)Whoeverbreaksthelawwi