在職研究生英語

精選文庫近義詞1、 Despite her wealth and position, Linda still remained modest about herself and lived in the same one-storeyed house as before.( unassuming)2、 People living on the island still observe the customs which arose from circumstances that have long since changed. ( stemmed from)3、 When I asked him why he hadnt come to the meeting, he gave the feeble excuse that hed forgotten what time it was. (flabby )4、 Dr. Elwood said the belief that milk could be harmful was based on the assumption that fat causes heart disease. ( premise)5、 In my opinion, true patriotism lies in putting the interests of ones country above everything including ones own life. (consists in )6、 A real love song is more appropriate for this occasion than a rubbishy song cooked up as a commercial gimmick. (trashy )7、 It was a very long journey from York to London and Ross was grateful for Johns company. ( society)8、 One of the good things about Amanda is that you can always rely on her inexhaustible enthusiasm. (unfailing )9、 There has been enough playing around so lets get down to business.（begin our work）10、How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterdays lunch into todays muscle? （turn）11、It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older（follow）12、Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, often with a happy ending. （in contrast to）13、The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.（neglected） 14、We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.（intentional）15、So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.（ hardly）16、Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.（count on） 單選題（D）1、My husband, because of his own professional _ ,goes to Cambridge every week.A. judgments B. criteria C. personalities D. commitments（C）2、While looking for the address book, Mr. Hailey _ some of his old love letters in his wifes drawer.A. came about B. came up with C. came across D. came out with（B）3、Malaysia and Indonesia rely on open markets for forest and fishery products. _ ,some Asian countries are highly protectionist.A. Deliberately B. Conversely C. Evidently D. Naturally（C）4、Probably the physics of the mid-nineteenth century was not as spectacular as that of the _and following periods, but its theoretical advances were nevertheless very impressive.A. posterior B. overwhelming C. preceding D. potential(D) 5、_ her dreams, Lynne traveled the world, leaving her 2-year-old son Stephen in the care of babysitters.A. In spite of B. In case of C. In place of D. In pursuit of （A）6、Such an approach forces managers to communicate with one another and helps _ rigid departmental boundaries.A. break down B. stand for C. set off D. pass over（B）7、Hard training will _ you richly when it comes to the actual competition.A. bring B. pay C. serve D. make（D）8、I never heard anyone in my village mention my uncle Tony-I think he was a bit of a _.A. white elephant B. dark horse C. guinea pig D. black sheep(C) 9、 My oldest son had just finished an _ holiday stay prior to moving to a new State,a new job, and the next chapter in his life. A. enlarged B. expanded C. extended D. increased (A) 10、. Blacks and American Indians _ less than 10% of students in the top 30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S. population. A. make up B. take up C. reach out D. turn out (D) 11、There are several factors _ the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly in consumer markets. A. resorting to B. appealing to C. applying to D. contributing to (D) 12、The Internet has been developing at a speed _ peoples expectations in the past two decades. A. over B. of C. under D. beyond (C) 13、The world economic recession put an _ end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002. A. irregular B. illegal C. abrupt D. absurd (D) 14、 Im _ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it. A. mysterious B. furious C. serious D. curious(D) 15、 The new aircraft will be _ to a test of temperatures of 65 and 120. A. suspended B. suppressed C. summoned D. subjected (A) 16、 Many countries have conservation programs to prevent certain _offish from becoming extinct. A. species B. sources C. numbers D. members完形填空（選1篇）Unit 1Many people think it is difficult to build a winning image because there are no identifiable standards by which they can measure the results of their efforts. The intangible quality of image-building does not permit you to grasp anything concrete on a day-to-day basis, but in the long run, tangible results will definitely be evident. If you are one of those people who is overly concerned about the intangible quality of image-building, let me remind you that many of the products and services you are very familiar with are also intangible. Yet their value is evident. For example, a successful salesman who sells a product such as insurance, education, securities, or mutual funds knows how to create need, even though the prospect cant actually see or touch what he is buying. Consequently, you must realize that knowing how to get results is whats really important. By now you should understand enough about winning images to learn how to build one. Youll soon discover that you can accomplish outstanding results if you know what you want and how to get it. Once you reach this point, you must establish obtainable goals and then commit yourself to achieving them. Perhaps my own experience in building a winning image will help you to relate to the process. Please keep in mind that when my father and I started our business fifteen years ago, we hand very limited capital, and we were selling an intangible product. And even though we now have a winning image from coast to coast, we never spent any money on advertising ( I firmly believe “it paid to advertise,” but in our particular case we chose not to). Today, our company, Shook Associates Corporations, is considered one of the finest professional sales organizations in our industry.Unit 2 There have been major changes in attitudes toward courtship and marriage among those middle-class, educated Americans who are celebrated in the media as style setters for American life. Courtship was once a regular part of American life; it was a long period, sometimes lasting for many years, and also a tentative one, during which a future husband or wife could still turn back but during which their relationship became more and more exclusive and socially recognized. Courtship both preceded the announcement of an engagement and followed it, although a broken engagement was so serious that it could be expected to throw the girl into a depression from which she might never recover. There were definite rules governing the courtship period, from the “bundling” permitted in early New England days, when young couples slept side by side with all their clothes on, to strict etiquette that prescribed what sort of gifts a man might give his fiance in circles where expensive presents were customary. Gifts had to be either immediately consumable, like candy or flowers, or indestructible, like diamondswhich could be given back, their value unimpaired, if there was a rift in the relationship. Objects that could be damaged by use like gloves and furs, were forbidden. A gentleman might call for a lady in a cab or in his own equipage, but it was regarded as inappropriate for him to pay for her train fare if they went on a journey.英譯漢一、An ecosystem is a group of animals and plants living in a specific region and interacting with one another and with their physical environment. Ecosystems include physical and chemical components, such as soils, water, and nutrients that support the organisms living there. These organisms may range form large animals to microscopic bacteria. Ecosystem also can be thought of as the interactions among all organisms in a given area; for instance, one species may serve as food for another. People are part of the ecosystems where they live and work. Human activities can harm or destroy local ecosystems unless actions such as land development for housing or businesses are carefully planned to conserve and sustain the ecology of the area. 答：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是指共同生活在一個特定區(qū)域內(nèi)的動植物之間以及這些動植物與其生存環(huán)境 之間相互作用而形成的一個整體。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)包括物理和化學(xué)元素，諸如：土壤，水分，以及維持生物生存的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。生物可以是大型的動物，也可以是微型生物。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)也可以被看作是在特定區(qū)域內(nèi)所有生物的相互作用，比如說一種生物可能是另一種生物的食物。人類 也是他們生活工作所處的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的一個組成部分。除非人類在為住房或商業(yè)需求進(jìn)行土地 開發(fā)這些活動做好精心計劃以保護(hù)和維持這一地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境，否則這些人類活動就會對當(dāng) 地的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成破壞。 二、Over the years, we tend to think that nuclear technologies and the necessary knowhow to ensure nuclear safety have been developed to a level that possibilities for any major nuclear accidents are almost nonexistent and if it does happen, it will be controlled in the capable hands of nuclear engineers. However, reality has proved again that you just cant be too careful to handle nuclear energy. We dont know for sure yet what will be left behind Japans nuclear crisis, but it will be certain that it is time to reexamine our nuclear practices and many more efforts need to be made to ensure nuclear safety in the future. 答：這些年來，我們習(xí)慣性地認(rèn)為原子能技術(shù)和必要的實踐經(jīng)驗已經(jīng)足以保證核安全。一切重大的核事故幾乎都不存在，哪怕其真的發(fā)生，也會被有能力的核工程師們控制影響。然而，事實再一次證明處理核能源再小心都不為過。我們還不確定日本的核災(zāi)難會留下什么影響，但現(xiàn)在一定是我們重新審查原子能實踐的時候了。為確保將來的核安全，我們還需付出很多努力。漢譯英一、全球化作為一種新的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展趨勢，給中國帶來了機(jī)遇，也帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。一方面， 中國正成為世界制造業(yè)中心并在國際舞臺上發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用；另一方面，我們也面臨 著如何在全球化進(jìn)程中既要發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，又能傳承優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng)的問題。 答：As a new economic and social treads, globalization has brought China opportunities and challenges as well. On the one hand, China is on the road to become the worlds manufacturing center and playing an increasingly significant role in the international arena; on the other hand, we are faced with the problem that how not only should the economy is being developed, but also the outstanding cultural traditions can be passed on in the process of globalization.二、中國有著 5000 年的文化傳統(tǒng)，歷經(jīng)劫波而生生不息，我們一定要充分發(fā)揚(yáng)祖國的文化傳統(tǒng)。同時我們也懂得，要學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒世界先進(jìn)的文明。只有這樣，才能使祖國的文化得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，也就是我常說的，只有開放包容，才能使祖國強(qiáng)大。答：China has 5000 years of cultural tradition. Having undergone various hardships, the country still maintains its vitality generation after generation. It is imperative for us to fully advance our motherlands cultural heritage as well as to learn from civilizations of the world. Only in this way can our motherland make further development. In other words, preserving our traditional cultures while being open and tolerant will make our country more prosperous.閱讀理解Passage 1 Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same. Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts. The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends. For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men. Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study .The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%,or two and a half days. Lonely people become less and less trusting of others .This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject them. John Cacioppo at he University of Chicago led the study .He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks. The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier” against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart. (B) 31. Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people? A. Friendship B. Happiness C. Depression D. Smoking (A) 32. The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948 _ A. expanded its research topics B. involved 5,000 patients of depression C. identified loneliness as one key factor for heart disease D. examined the relationship between loneliness and depression (A) 33. Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness? A. It leads to a gradual loss of friends B. It is a common phenomenon among women C. it is often found in the neighborhood D. it ruins the relationships between close friends (C)34. Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to_ A. strengthen your friendship B. develop new friendship C. increase the sense of loneliness D. reduce the sense of loneliness (C) 35. According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago, loneliness can_ A. result in aggressiveness B. cause people to be overprotective C. infect social networks D. push people to the verge of poverty (A) 36. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Loneliness can spread B. Loneliness is linked to depression C. Lonely people tend to grow fat D. Lonely people need more friends Passage 2 California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. “Starting this fall with high school math and science .we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state -approved list of digital textbooks.”That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online .He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense. California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digital one can offer the latest information. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and trees, and make learning more fun and interactive .And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances. The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. More than six million students attend California public schools. Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the states learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them. Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation, a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family. California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves. Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books. School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively. (D) 37. The Digital Textbook Initiative _ A. will probably take effect in six years B. covers all the high school subjects C. has been approved by all states D. is advocated by California state governor (A) 38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to _ A. help save money B. benefit the environment C. provide interesting materials D. reduce students heavy burden (A) 39. The digital textbooks were approved by _ A. trained teachers B. content developers C. Khosla Family D. CK12 Foundation (B) 40. What is true of CK12 Foundation? A. It produced 16 digital textbooks B. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks. C. It is financed by California state government. D. It makes money through dev