外研版B7M1【Grammar】完整(精)ppt課件

.,1,外研版高二年級(選修7)Module1,.,2,Grammar,.,3,構(gòu)詞法三種方式:派生法、轉(zhuǎn)化法、合成法。,.,4,派生法(affixation)指在詞上附加前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成新詞。形容詞后綴(1)帶有“屬性,傾向,相關(guān)”的含義1)-able,-ible,movable,comfortable,applicable,visible,responsible2)-al,natural,additional,educational3)-an,-ane,urban,suburban,republican4)-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent5)-ar,similar,popular,regular,.,5,1.表示否定的前綴：un-unfair,unhappynon-nonsmoker,non-violentin-inactive,inhuman,indirectdis-disagree,disappearim-impolite,impossibleil-illegalir-irregular,I.前綴(prefix)：,.,6,2.表示錯(cuò)誤或失當(dāng)?shù)那熬Y:mis-misjudge,misdirect(誤導(dǎo))3.表示向背的前綴:pro-pro-Chinese,pro-Americananti-antiwar,anti-Japanesewar,.,7,4.表示程度、大小的前綴super-superstar,supermarket,superman,superpowerover-overhead,overeat,overusemini-minibus,miniskirt,minicarunder-underground,underdevelopsemi-semicircle,semiskilled,semisteel,.,8,5.表示時(shí)間的前綴pre-prewarpost-postwarfore-foretell,forecast,foresee,weatherforcast,6.表示方位的前綴：sub-subway,submarineinter-international,intercity,interclasstrans-translate,transatlantic,.,9,II.后綴：不改變詞根的基本意義，而是改變了詞性。1.動詞變名詞：-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-orvisitor,sailor,.,10,2.形容詞變名詞：-nesshappiness,meanness,carelessness-ityability,possibility-ismMarxism,criticism3.名詞、形容詞變動詞：-ifybeautify,simplify-izerealize-enquicken,widen,sharpen,.,11,4.名詞變形容詞：-ywindy,rainy,sandy-ishfoolish,feverish-somehandsome,troublesome-ousdangerous,humorous-fulhelpful,careful,peaceful,.,12,1.TheChicagoBullsarenotas_astheywerewhenMichaelJordanplayedforthem.2.WhenYaoMinghurthishead,itwasvery_.,powerful,painful,用所給詞的正確形式完成下列句子。,beautycarehopepainpowerwonder,.,13,3.Hehadtobevery_whenheplayedaftertheaccident.4.Thefansareall_thattheteamwilldowellthisyear.5.Itsterriblewhenwelose,butits_whenwewin.,careful,hopeful,wonderful,.,14,根據(jù)句意用所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.Thereissome_(possible)thatourteamwillwinthebasketballmatch.2.Wemusttakemeasurestopreventfactoriesfromsendingout_(poison)gasesintotheair.3.Tomy_(disappoint),hefailedtopassthecollegeentranceexamthisyear.,possibility,poisonous,disappointment,.,15,4.Itismuchmore_(comfort)totravelbyairthanbyship.5.Itwasbecauseofhis_(care)thatthecaraccidenthappened.6.Shehaddonesomethingwrongandtoldusshewas_(true)sorryaboutit.,comfortable,carelessness,truly,.,16,7.Onhis_(arrive)attheairport,hereceivedawarmwelcomefromtheteachersandstudents.8.Manyofhisanswersare_(correct),sotheteacheraskedhimtodotheexercisesagain.9.Shewasgoingtotakepartintheparty,butan_(expected)guestdroppedinonher.,arrival,incorrect,unexpected,.,17,10.Themeetingsupposedtobe_(success)turnedouttobeafailureintheend.,successful,.,18,將下列單詞加前綴或后綴派生出一個(gè)新詞。argue2.spoon3.advantage4.polite5.pleasant6.attract7.sleep,argument,spoonful,disadvantage,impolite/politely,unpleasant/pleasantly,attractive/attraction,asleep/sleepy/sleepless,.,19,8.courage9.discuss10.visit,encourage/encouragement,discussion,visitor,.,20,英語中,有的名詞可作動詞，有的形容詞可作副詞或動詞，這種把一種詞性用作另一種詞性而詞形不變的方法叫作轉(zhuǎn)化法。1)動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞很多動詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞，大多意思沒有多大的變化(如下)；有時(shí)意思有一定變化(如下)；有的與一個(gè)動詞和不定冠詞構(gòu)成短語，表示一個(gè)動作(如下)。例如：,Conversion轉(zhuǎn)化詞,.,21,Letsgooutforawalk.我們到外面去散散步吧。Heisamanofstrongbuild.他是一個(gè)體格健壯的漢子。Letshaveaswim.咱們游泳吧。,.,22,2)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞很多表示物件(如下)、身體部位(如下)、某類人(如下)的名詞可以用作動詞來表示動作，某些抽象名詞(如下)也可作動詞。例如：Didyoubookaseatontheplane?你訂好飛機(jī)座位了嗎?Pleasehandmethebook.請把那本書遞給我。,.,23,Shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.她看護(hù)丈夫，使他恢復(fù)了健康。Welunchedtogether.我們在一起吃了午餐。,.,24,3)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞有少數(shù)形容詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：Wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingconditions.我們要盡力改善我們的生活狀況。4)副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞有少數(shù)副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：Murderwillout.(諺語)惡事終必將敗露。,.,25,5)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞表示顏色的形容詞常可轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞(如下)；某些形容詞如old,young,poor,rich,wounded,injured等與the連用，表示一類人，作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)(如下)。例如：,.,26,Youshouldbedressedinblackatthefuneral.你在葬禮中該穿黑色衣服。Theoldinourvillagearelivingahappylife.我們村的老年人過著幸福的生活。,.,27,1)Chamberlainaveragedover50pointsagameforandentireseason.AveragedisaverbdescribingwhatChamberlaindid.2)Duringthistime,hisaveragewasmorethan30pointsagame.Averageisanountellinguswhatwearetalkingabout.,I.Readthesentencesandanswerthequestions.,.,28,3)Jordanwasthesecondplayertoscoremorethan3,000pointsinaseason.Scoreispartof“toscore”theinfinitiveoftheverbtellinguswhatJordandid.,.,29,4)Thefinalscorewas169-147.Scoreisanountellinguswhatwearetalkingabout.,.,30,Whatsthedifferenceinthewayaverageandscoreareusedinthesesentences?b)Doesthemeaningofthewordschangewhentheyareuseddifferently?No,itdoesnt.,.,31,II.Rewritethesentencesandtellthedifferencesbetweenthem.,1.TheChicagoBullswontheirfirstchampionshipin1991.Therewasafirstchampionship_fortheChicagoBullin1991.,win,.,32,2.Jordansurprisedeveryonewhenheretired.Itwas_foreveryonewhenJordanretired.3.Theychangedtherulesofthegametotrytostophim.Therewas_intherulestotrytostophim.,asurprise,achange,.,33,1.Alotofyoungboys_aboutplayingintheNBA.2.The_ofthegamewasincredible-169-147.,dream,result,III.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.,dreamquestionresultstarwork,.,34,3.MichaelJordanwasthebiggest_oftheChicagoBullsformanyyears.4.Myuncle_asatrainerfortheShanghaiSharks.5.Theteacheroftenasksus_aboutbasketball.,star,worked,questions,.,35,IV.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.,1.He_hisarmplayingbasketball.2.YaoMinginjuredhis_duringagame.3.Jordanstotalofpointsisaworld_.,broke,head,record,.,36,4.Chamberlain_forfourdifferentNBAteams.5.Afterthegame,thefans_fortheexit.6.We_thecommentaryofthegameonacassette.,played,headed,recorded,.,37,7.Hasthereeverbeenafilmora_aboutbasketball?8.Therewasaten-million_inthegamebecauseaplayerwasinjured.,play,break,.,38,合成詞合成詞是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞合成的一個(gè)新詞。一.合成名詞,如:workforce,haircut,postman,X-ray,mailbox,landowner,farmland,handstand,handshake,coastline,gunfire,short-wave,gentleman,newcomer,tightrope,best-seller,mainland,freeway,second-hand,.,39,midday,front-runner,pickpocket扒手,breakwater防波堤,runway,sit-downer靜坐罷工者,breakthrough突破,runaround借口,runaway逃亡,sell-out售完,handout傳單,breakdown衰落,二.合成形容詞,如:worldwide,nationwide,duty-free,snow-white,world-famous,lifelong,English-speaking,noise-killing,hand-made,peace-loving,horse-drawn,fun-loving,ready-made現(xiàn)成的,.,40,good-looking,easy-going,low-lying地勢低洼的,well-known,hard-working,well-informed消息靈通的,widespread,ill-formed,first-rate,second-hand,worthwhile,everyday,middle-aged,warm-blooded,good-tempered,bare-footed,.,41,三.合成代詞,如:himself,herself,themselves,something,someone,anything,nobody四.合成動詞,如:overthrow,output,input,uphold,uplift,downgrade,sleep-walk,typewrite,brainwash,handpick精選,daydream,whitewash,deep-freeze五.合成副詞,如:meanwhile,midway,everywhere,somewhere,anyway,otherwise,sometime,beforehand,onshore,inside,offhand,headfirst頭朝下地,daylong,.,42,構(gòu)詞法的綜合練習(xí),單項(xiàng)填空1.Thatmanwas_enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.careB.carefulC.carelessD.carelessness,B,.,43,2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild,sohis_isheavierthanMountTai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.death3.Westoodthere_atthe_sight.A.frightened;frightfulB.frightening;frightfulC.fright;frighteningD.frightful;fright,D,A,.,44,4.Heisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima_.A.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemistD.physician5.Thethree-_chairisntsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.leged,C,B,.,45,6.Stephensonbecamethe_railwayengineerintheworld.A.leadB.leaderC.leadingD.leadership7.Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem,Jacklooked_aboutathisclassmates.A.proudB.proudlyC.prideD.pridely,C,B,.,46,8.Toeveryones_,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD.satisfaction9.Nooneshouldente