大學英語六級選詞填空練習(3)

大學英語六級選詞填空練習(3) 導讀：本文大學英語六級選詞填空練習(3)，僅供參考，如果覺得很不錯，歡迎點評和分享。Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this （36）, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.To the professional anthropologist (人類學家), there is no intrinsic（37）of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等級制度) among languages.People once thought of the languages of backward groups as （38） and undeveloped forms of speech,consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of backward languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the（39）of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or（40 ）structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which41the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however,two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to（42）the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions inbackward languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly（43）and complicated.This study of language, in turn, （44）a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed（45）, and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.A savageB superiorityC conceiveD transferE. identificationF.grammaticalG. reflectH. revealsI. numerousJ . independentlyK. exclusiveL. castsM. senseN. confidentiallyO. possess文化是人類某一特定群體所有傳統(tǒng)、風俗、信仰及生活方式的總和。從這種36意義上說，每個群體都有一種文化，不管在我們看來，它是多么野蠻、不發(fā)達或未開化。對于專業(yè)的人類學家而言，沒有哪種文化在本質(zhì)上比另一種37優(yōu)越，這就像對于專業(yè)的語言學家而言。語言之間并沒有內(nèi)在的等級一樣。人們曾經(jīng)認為落后群體的語言就是38野蠻的、不發(fā)達的言語形式，主要包括咕噥和呻吟。盡管一般來說，語言有可能是以一系列的咕噥和呻吟的形式開始的，但是，通過對“落后”語言的研究證實，今天沒有哪種語言符合這種描述。按照我們的最嚴格標準來講，作為39傳遞思想的工具，多數(shù)未開化人群的語言極其復雜、縝密，并具有獨創(chuàng)性。這些語言在語音模式或40語法結構上通常能完全滿足語言的所有需求，并不落后于我們西方的語言，比我們落后的只是41反映這些說話者所知物體及活動的詞匯。然而，即使是在這方面，也有兩點值得一提：1所有語言都42擁有拓展詞匯的機制，要么是通過將現(xiàn)存詞匯組合在一起來拓展，要么是通過從其他語言中借入一些詞并將其改造以適應自身體系來實現(xiàn)。2在這些43“落后的”語言中，盡管那些需要名字及區(qū)分的物體及活動與我們不同，它們卻都經(jīng)常是多得出奇、復雜得出奇。對于語言的研究反過來讓人們對人類學家的斷言所有的文化都該被45獨立看待，而不該帶著等級觀念去看待44有了新的認識。36M語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空后面是一個完整的句子，初步判斷介詞短語inthis在句中作狀語。分析此短語可知，inthis后缺少一個單數(shù)名詞。語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的單詞有superiority、transfer、identification、sense四項，而這些名詞中可以與inthis構成介詞短語的只有sense，inthis sense意為“從這個意義上講”，符合此處文意，故選M。37B語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空缺少一個單數(shù)名詞，一則因為前面的謂語是系動詞is，二則因為前面的形容詞no是用來修飾名詞的。語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的單詞有三個：superiority意為“優(yōu)越性”，transfer意為“轉移；轉換”，identification意為“鑒別；身份證明”。本句的大意是“沒有哪種文化在本質(zhì)上比另一種優(yōu)越”，因此，只有superiority符合文意。38A語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空缺少一個形容詞，與并列的形容詞undeveloped共同修飾后面的名詞forms。語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的形容詞有四個：savage意為“野蠻的”，9rammatical意為“語法的”，numerous意為“許多的”，exclusive意為“單獨的”。把這四項代入原文后可知savage比較貼合文意。39D語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空位于介詞短語forthe_ofideas之中。分析此短語可知，該空缺少一個名詞。語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的單詞有transfer和identification兩個，只有transfer與后面的0fideas構成的短語transfer ofideas(傳遞思想)符合這里的語義表達，故選D。40F語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空所處的位置是notor并列結構，intheir省略掉了，因此，此處缺少一個與其前面的sound形成并列關系的名詞或形容詞，來修飾后面的structures。語義判斷：結合前面38題的“語義判斷”，可知只有形容詞grammatical(i吾法的)符合這里的語義表達，修飾后面的structures，表示“語法結構”，故選F。41G語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空所處的句子是一個which引導的非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的名詞vocabularies，該空應填入一個復數(shù)的謂語動詞。語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的單詞有conceive(構想)、reflect(反映)和possess(擁有)三個。結合此處文意“反映這些說話者所知物體及活動的詞匯”，可知reflect為正確答案。42O語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空缺少一個動詞原形，構成seemtodo sth這一常用表達。語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的單詞有conceive和possess兩個。結合語境，本句的大意是“所有語言都擁有拓展詞匯的機制”。因此possess為正確答案。43I語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空缺少一個形容詞作表語，和complicated并列。語義判斷：結合前面38題和40題的“語義判斷”，并結合此處文意“多得出奇”，可知應填入numerous。故選I。44L語法判斷：分析句子結構可知，該空缺少一個動詞，且應為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，因為前面的主語是this study。語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的單詞有casts(投射；鑄造)和reveals(揭示)兩個。結合語境，本句的大意是“