大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫作高分技巧PPT課件

.,1,寫作高分技巧,.,2,內(nèi)容提要,1.四級(jí)寫作題型簡(jiǎn)介2.寫作高分技巧高分作文標(biāo)志詞匯和語(yǔ)法高分技巧結(jié)構(gòu)高分技巧3.考場(chǎng)意外應(yīng)急策略4.母語(yǔ)干涉對(duì)中國(guó)大學(xué)生寫作的影響,.,3,1.大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試寫作部分題型簡(jiǎn)介,.,4,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試歷經(jīng)了2005年末、2006年初的大規(guī)模改革，但寫作整體上說(shuō)沒有大的變動(dòng)，或者說(shuō)沿用了傳統(tǒng)的出題模式，穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)。在題型設(shè)置上，仍然沿用了解釋現(xiàn)象型、利弊分析型、解決問(wèn)題型、校園應(yīng)用文四種體裁，考查學(xué)生對(duì)這四種體裁的掌握。在閱卷方式上，仍然采用的是“一次性印象分+離散標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分”閱卷法，一次性印象分是指閱卷教師根據(jù)卷面整潔度、字體美觀度在允許的范圍內(nèi)綜合給出某些印象分，作為總分的一部分；離散標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分是根據(jù)作文單詞、語(yǔ)法、結(jié)構(gòu)、論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)等5個(gè)離散標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分別給分，以保證公正、公平、細(xì)致、合理。,.,5,改革后，寫作部分占總分?jǐn)?shù)的15%（105分），要求字?jǐn)?shù)在120-180間，太多或太少均扣分。在單詞（詞匯）上，要求學(xué)生盡可能的使用大學(xué)詞匯和短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)思想，遣詞造句；在語(yǔ)法上，要求學(xué)生熟練運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倒裝句式、定語(yǔ)從句、分詞作狀語(yǔ)等中等難度以上的語(yǔ)法來(lái)表達(dá)思想；在結(jié)構(gòu)上，要求段落分布合理，能有力的輔助考生表達(dá)思想；在論點(diǎn)上，要求考生觀點(diǎn)分明，不能模棱兩可或含含蓄蓄；在論據(jù)的使用上，要求有理、有據(jù)、有節(jié)。,.,6,2.寫作高分技巧,.,7,2.1高分作文標(biāo)志,1：是否長(zhǎng)短句交叉；2、是否會(huì)使用插入語(yǔ)；3、用詞是否多樣，準(zhǔn)確，形象，盡量使用能夠吸引閱卷老師眼球的閃光詞；4、關(guān)鍵詞是否換用，切勿老用重復(fù)詞；5、句型使用是否準(zhǔn)確、地道。,.,8,下面給出寫好一篇作文的注意事項(xiàng)：1.適當(dāng)用被動(dòng)替換主動(dòng)，這樣能更客觀的反映事實(shí),句子開頭不要總是用we/I(比如寫結(jié)尾時(shí)不用weshouldpayattentionto而用Attentionshouldbepaidto.)舉個(gè)經(jīng)典結(jié)尾2004年六月六級(jí)作文的最后一段：Itis,therefore,hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbytheserviceindustrylikethat.Bydoingso，itscompetitiveedgewillbesharpenedeffectively.,.,9,2.善于使用插入語(yǔ)，比如說(shuō)把副詞、連接詞等，作插入語(yǔ)放在中間，一般放在主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。如however/therefore/forexample/Ibelieve做插入語(yǔ)放在中間，一般放在動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。比如說(shuō)：Otherindividuals,however,taketheattitudethat,.,10,3.一定要學(xué)會(huì)換詞，換形象，具體的替換太寬泛的。(考試中一般不要出現(xiàn)good,bad,many,thing,think,people,opinion等等)比如上面例子中，applicable替換proper,approaches替換ways,implement替換carryout,sharpenonescompetitiveedge替換enhanceonescompetitiveness(提高某物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力),.,11,ComputerandIBySimmy,Ineverforgettheexceedinglythrillingdaywhenmymotherboughtmeacomputerasbirthdaypresent,whichexertedatremendousfascinationonmesothatIindulgedmyselfingooglinganarmyofusefulinformationIhadexpected,andenjoyaseaofmelodiousclassicmusic.ThatnightIwassleepless,feelingthatthewholeworldbelongedtome.,.,12,exceedingly替換verythrilling替換excitingsth.exertatremendousfascinationonsb替換sb.beinterestedinsth.google替換searchforanarmyof替換alotof,.,13,Sample2,Thedawnofthenewcenturywitnessedtheincreasingpopularityofcomputers.Coincidentwiththeadvancementofscienceandtechnology,computerspouringintothecurrentsocietyasafashionareappealingtogrowingindividuals.Itisnoexaggerationtosaywehavebeensubmergedbythem,inalargenumber!,.,14,Thedawnofthenewcenturywitnessed是一個(gè)精彩句型，用來(lái)描述在某個(gè)時(shí)期發(fā)生了什么事情；Increasingpopularity替換moreandmorepopularCoincidentwith非常地道的句型，表達(dá)“與一致”的意思，替換WithAdvancement替換developmentPourinto(floodinto/swarminto)替換enterintocurrently替換nowAppealtosb.替換sb.beinterestedinsth.Growingindividuals替換moreandmorepeopleItisnoexaggerationtosay經(jīng)典句型說(shuō)某事是毫不夸張的,.,15,1.individuals,characters,folks替換(people,persons)2:positive,favorable，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior替換good3:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse,ill(有害的)替換bad；如果bad做表語(yǔ)，可以有belessimpressive替換e.g.Anarmyofcollegestudentsindulgethemselvesinplayinggames,enjoyingromancewithgirls/boysorkillingtimepassivelyintheirdorms.Whenitapproachestograduation,asaresult,theyfindtheiracademicrecordsarelessimpressive.,以下是30個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞,.,16,4.(anarmyof;anoceanof;aseaof;amultitudeof;ahostof;manyifnotmost)替換many.E.g.:Inthisatmosphere,manyifnotmostGermanscametobelievethatWorldWarIwasasortofnaturalcatastrophe,withnohumanauthors.在這種氣氛下，不僅是大部分德國(guó)人，很多人都認(rèn)為一戰(zhàn)是某種沒有人為因素的自然災(zāi)害。5:asliceof,quietafew,several替換some6:harbortheideathat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat,deem,assume,consider,reckon,)替think,.,17,7:affair,business,matter替換thing8:shared,mutual,代common9.reaphugefruits,yieldgoodresult替換getmanybenefits)10:formypart,frommyownperspective,personally,asfarasImconcerned替換inmyopinion11:Increasing(ly),growing,more替換moreandmore(注意沒有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用increasing/growing.修飾形容詞，副increasingly.Eg.sthhasgainedgrowingpopularity.Sthisincreasinglypopularwiththeadvancementofsth.thereisangrowingnumberofpeople,.,18,20.beindicativeof,besuggestiveof,befearfulof,indicate代,suggest,fearE.g.:Fevermaybeindicativeofaninfection.發(fā)燒可能表明受了感染。21.giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger替換cause.22.Thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth替換.reasonsforsth.23.desire,yearnfor,longfor,diefor,crave替換want.24.bear/keepinmindthat替換remember,.,19,25.enjoy,possess,own,hold,替換have(注意process是過(guò)程的意思)26.interact,替換communicate27.frownonsth.,beagainst,替換,disagreewithsth30.nextto/virtuallyimpossible,nearly/almostimpossible,替換impossible,.,20,2.2詞匯和語(yǔ)法高分技巧,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的考試對(duì)象是在校大學(xué)生，不是高中生和初中生。所以離散標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分的第一方面就是詞匯的使用，即大學(xué)生是否用到了大學(xué)學(xué)到的詞匯，而不是重復(fù)運(yùn)用初高中學(xué)到的詞匯和短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)思想。熟記一些與大學(xué)外語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試寫作息息相關(guān)的詞匯和短語(yǔ)，是非常必要的。同時(shí)，用一些虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倒裝句式、定語(yǔ)從句、分詞作狀語(yǔ)等中等難度以上的語(yǔ)法表達(dá)也會(huì)使文章錦上添花。,.,21,2.2.1解釋現(xiàn)象型/現(xiàn)象分析的作文需要用到的大學(xué)詞匯和語(yǔ)法這種體裁一般讓考生陳述一個(gè)事情或一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，并解釋其原因，還要說(shuō)明自己的看法。就以2010年6月四級(jí)原題為例，“英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫”現(xiàn)象分析，（1）如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫；（2）分析這種情況的原因；（3）為了改變這種狀況，我認(rèn)為,.,22,在完成第一部分時(shí)，要著重描述現(xiàn)象的普遍性，即不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫，以下是一些英語(yǔ)翻譯。ManystudentsdonotpayattentiontothespellingisverypopularinEnglishstudying.()ThatmanystudentsdonotpayattentiontothespellingisverypopularinEnglishstudying.()ItisverypopularthatmanystudentsneglecttheimportanceofspellinginEnglishstudying.()ThephenomenonthatmanystudentsneglecttheimportanceofspellinginEnglishstudyingisofgreatpopularityinmoderntimes.(),.,23,在分析這種情況的危害時(shí)，可以用到negativeeffect,notavailable等大學(xué)詞匯和典型的虛擬語(yǔ)氣來(lái)輔助你表達(dá)思想。Theneglectofcorrectspelling,moreoftenthannot(=usually/commonly),hasanegativeeffectontheEnglishstudyinmoderntimes.()Iftheproblemcouldnotgetthecorrectsolution,asmoothEnglishstudyingwouldnotbeavailablefortheEnglishlearners.(),.,24,第二部分要論述導(dǎo)致“學(xué)生不重視拼寫”這種現(xiàn)象的原因。表示原因的大學(xué)詞匯和語(yǔ)法有以下幾種：Thereareseveralreasonsforthephenomenon.()Thecauses(=reasons),givingrisetotheabovephenomenon,areasthefollowing.()Thecauses,however,arevarious.()Thefactors(=reasons),causingagreatlossinEnglishstudying,liesinthefollowing.()Thefactors,causingagreatlossinEnglishstudying,consistinthefollowing.(),.,25,插入語(yǔ)是使考生語(yǔ)法地道、富有原汁原味的技巧之一。把定語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)變成插入語(yǔ)成分放在主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間，是一個(gè)高分的小竅門。Theassociationwhichhassavedalotofpatientsoflungcancer,isawardedthe“GovernmentPrize”in1994.Theassociation,havingsavedalotofpatientsoflungcancer,isawardedthe“GovernmentPrize”in1994.Theprivatecollegesispopularinmoderntimes,hasgottheapprovalfromboththestudentsandtheirparents.Theprivatecolleges,popularinmoderntimes,hasgottheapprovalfromboththestudentsandtheirparents.,.,26,Thefactors,causingagreatlossinEnglishstudying,resultfromthefollowing.()Therehavebeenfoundavarietyoffactors,asillustratedbymanyscholars,givingrisetotheabovephenomenon.()Therehavebeenfoundvariousfactors,asareillustratedbymanyscholars,givingrisetotheabovephenomenon.(),.,27,第三部分，涉及到自己的觀點(diǎn)。關(guān)鍵性的表達(dá)有以下幾處：表示自己的想法:AsfarasIknow()AsfarasIamconcerned()Providedwiththeopportunitiestoillustratemyopinion,Ithink(believe)()Astome,Iholdsuchpointsofviewasthefollowing()Inordertoshiftthesituation,themeasures,asfarasIknow,areasthefollowing,.,28,表示自己提出的某種建議很重要：Itisofgreat(fatal)importancetoentitlethestudentstopracticespellingatcampus.()Itisofgreat(fatal)significancetoencouragethestudentsinpractisingspellingatcampus.(),表示建議：Itisrequiredthatastudentputthewordsintothepracticeofsentencemakingindailylife.Itisagoodideathatateacheremphasizetheimportanceofwordspellingintheroutineclassteachingatcampus.Itisstronglyrecommendedthatastudentputthewordsintothepracticeofsentencemakingindailylife.,.,29,2.2.2利弊分析型的作文需要用到的大學(xué)詞匯和語(yǔ)法利弊分析型作文通常給出一種現(xiàn)象，讓考生陳述其利弊兩個(gè)方面，并闡釋自己的看法。這種作文往往要陳述好處，再陳述壞處，最后闡釋自己的觀點(diǎn)。這三個(gè)步驟都需要體現(xiàn)大學(xué)的詞匯和語(yǔ)法。以2008年6月的四級(jí)作文題為例，（1）娛樂的多樣性；（2）娛樂的好處及危害；（3）自己的切身感受。,.,30,直接表示娛樂既有好處又有害處：Theamusementbothhasgoodnessandharm.()Theamusementbothhasthepositiveaspectsandnegativeaspects.()Theexistenceofvariousamusement,asitis,bothhasthepositiveandnegativeinfluence.()Theexistenceofvarietyofamusement,beingpopularinthesociety,showsbothpositivefactorsandnegativeones.(),.,31,在表示完諸多好處之后，前后承接，好處承接壞處時(shí)：Beneficialasitis,theamusement,however,isveryharmfulinmorecases.()Beneficialasitis,theamusement,nevertheless,isveryharmfulundermorecircumstances.()Helpfulasitis,theamusement,otherwise,showsitsnegativefactorsundermorecircumstances.()Inadditiontotheuniquecontributiontothepeopleslife,meanwhile,itcausessomeinconveniencetothecitizen.(),.,32,表示好處：Theamusement,asisknowntoall,benefitsthecitizeninmanyfieldsinmoderntimes.()Toeveryonessatisfaction/gratification,theamusementashasbeenprovedtobebeneficialandavailablefordecades.()Theamusementistothecitizenwhatthenutritionistothepeople.()Theamusementistothecitizenwhatthenutritionistothepeople,which(as)isofgreatimportanceinmoderntimes.(),.,33,表示壞處：Thenegativeaspectsoftheamusement,moreoftenthannot,overlapthepositiveones.()Thenegativeinfluenceofamusement,however,isexcessivelyunfoldedtoall.()Thenegativeinfluenceofamusement,tinyasitis,cannotbeneglectedbypeople.(),.,34,AresearchdoneinBeijingUniversityin1999illustratesthattheamusement,ifdoneaftertensionedwork,willbenefitthepeopleforashorttime.(表示證據(jù))Theamusementistothecitizenwhattheairistothepeople.(表類比)Onlybythis,caneveryone.（提出方法，倒裝句式）Itisbeneficialbothtotheindividualsandtothesociety,whichcannotbeneglected.(定語(yǔ)從句表觀點(diǎn)),.,35,2.3四級(jí)寫作結(jié)構(gòu)高分技巧：,.,36,2.3.1解釋現(xiàn)象/現(xiàn)象分析型作文文本分析一般來(lái)說(shuō)，解釋現(xiàn)象型的作文全文分三個(gè)自然段，學(xué)生不用添加自然段。第一自然段是描述現(xiàn)象（記敘說(shuō)明），第二自然段是討論原因（議論文），最后自然段是闡釋自己的觀點(diǎn)。第一自然段既然是記敘說(shuō)明，那么要求考生按提示展開描寫。我們通常采用“描述+引用”或“描述+案例”的模式。,.,37,描述部分從名詞入手，可以直接翻譯提示句，也可以改變幾個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，用上大學(xué)的生僻詞匯。（以2007年12月份試題為例WhatElectivestoChoose）描述策略1Asisknowntoall,theelectiveclassesplayamoreandmoreimportantroleintheeducationalsystemandmanyuniversitiesoffervariouselectivesfortheundergraduates.,.,38,描述策略2：Theelectiveclass,asitis,becomesmoreandmorepopulartouniversitystudents.Therefore,manyuniversitiesoffervariouselectivestotheundergraduates.,描述策略3：Withthedevelopmentofscienceandeducation,theelectiveclassesbecomesanecessaryelementintheeducationalsystem.,.,39,“引用”既可以增加文章的可信性和生動(dòng)性，又可以增加單詞。引用某人的話證明現(xiàn)象存在，是四級(jí)高分的一大策略。引用時(shí)注意要說(shuō)明人物的職位，他的職位一定要與文章有關(guān)聯(lián)。還以“選修課”為例引用策略1“Electivescanenrichstudentsknowledge,andcanarisestudentscuriositytostudy”,saidChenZhili,theministerofEducationDepartmentofChina,1995.,.,40,“案例”與名人引用相互照應(yīng)，使文章的第一段更加充實(shí)。案例策略1Forinstance,amongthe144institutionsinChina,132ofthemoffertheelectivesfortheundergraduates,whichentitlesmorechancesforthestudentstodevelopthemselves.,.,41,案例策略2：As(So)farasnow,suchfamousuniversitiesasPeakingUniversity,ChangchunInstitutionofTechnologyandEngineer,andNankaiUniversity,offerelectivesforthestudents,which,toalargeextent,enrichesstudentsknowledge.,.,42,第二自然段：論述原因論述原因時(shí)，要從第一段話題入手，先闡釋原因的多樣性和可變性，然后具體涉入一兩個(gè)原因。闡述原因不要過(guò)多，簡(jiǎn)潔明了，與第一段字?jǐn)?shù)相當(dāng)即可，因?yàn)殛U釋原因型的作文要求三段平均分配文字，不能寫成中間多兩邊少的菱形結(jié)構(gòu)。,.,43,論述案例1：（以2007年12月份試題為例）Theuniversitystudents,outofdifferentreasons,choosetostudytheelectives.Somewanttostudysomeknowledgewithlessrelationtotheirmajors,somewanttoenrichtheirknowledgebeyondthetextbook,othersjustpursuethefashion.,.,44,論述案例2：Thecollegestudents,outofdifferentmotivations,choosetheelectives.Somewanttostudysomeknowledgewithlessrelationtotheirmajors,somewanttoenrichtheirknowledgebeyondthetextbook,otherswanttogetthemastersdegreeontheelectivemajors.,.,45,第三自然段：自我的觀點(diǎn)這一段要求寫出自身的觀點(diǎn)，比如，自己為什么選擇選修課。最好自己的觀點(diǎn)與上文給出的原因能匹配的上，不僅突出了原因的準(zhǔn)確性，而且把某一原因擴(kuò)展開來(lái)，省時(shí)省力。Astome/Asforme/Takemeforinstance,.,46,Takemeforinstance.IamamajorinChineselanguageandmyelectiveclassisforeigncultures.Ononehand,withtheaidofforeignculturesIcanstudyChineselanguagebetter,ontheotherhand,Chineselanguageenablesmetolearnforeignculturesbetter,whichismypointofviewindailylife.,.,47,解釋現(xiàn)象型作文：全文模式Atpresenttime,withthefiercecompetitioninscienceandtechnology,alluniversities,outofdifferentreasons,providevarietiesofelectiveclassestotheirundergraduates,whichisverypopularinChinesehighereducationsystem.As(So)farasnow,suchfamousuniversitiesasPeakingUniversity,ChangchunInstitutionofTechnologyandEngineer,andNankaiUniversity,offerelectivesforthestudents,which,toalargeextent,enrichesstudentsknowledge.Theuniversitystudents,outofdifferentreasons,choosetostudytheelectives.Somewanttostudysomeknowledgewithlessrelationtotheirmajors,somewanttoenrichtheirknowledgebeyondthetextbook,othersjustpursuethefashion.Takemeforinstance.IamamajorinChineselanguageandmyelectiveclassisforeigncultures.Ononehand,withtheaidofforeignculturesIcanstudyChineselanguagebetter,ontheotherhand,Chineselanguageenablesmetolearnforeignculturesbetter,whichismypointofviewindailylife.(162words),.,48,結(jié)構(gòu)小練習(xí)：以O(shè)ntheLosingofTraditionalCulture為例，1）現(xiàn)在許多傳統(tǒng)文化正在消失2）傳統(tǒng)文化消失的原因3）我的看法,.,49,.,50,2.3.2利弊分析型文本分析利弊分析型作文表面上看，試題中給出3個(gè)提示，所以在現(xiàn)實(shí)考試中，我們需要按3個(gè)自然段來(lái)寫。第一自然段就現(xiàn)象的普遍性進(jìn)行闡釋，但不要談意義。因此第一自然段只是說(shuō)明和描述，不是論述；第二自然段寫一部分人的觀點(diǎn)和另一部分人的觀點(diǎn)，最后一個(gè)自然段寫考生自己的觀點(diǎn)。,.,51,這類作文由于涉及了三方面的觀點(diǎn)，所以關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇和段落銜接顯得非常重要。第一段不需太長(zhǎng)，只是用平淡的語(yǔ)言展示現(xiàn)象的存在或普遍性就可以了。以下以2006年12月的四級(jí)考題為例。春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)是否應(yīng)該被取消第一段例文1TheSpringFestivalGalaperformedinCCTVhaslastedforabout25years.ItoncewasanecessaryelementinNewYearsEve.ButthefamousSpringFestivalGalahasrecentlyputsomepeopleintoahotdebate.(現(xiàn)象的普遍性進(jìn)行闡釋，不談意義),.,52,第一段例文2WiththedevelopmentofthemovieandTVindustry,thepointofviewthattheSpringFestivalGalaisanecessarypartofNewYearCelebrationisnotasstableasbefore.Somepeoplesinghighpraiseforit,however,othersholdthecontraryopinion.Therefore,herecomesahotdebate.(現(xiàn)象的普遍性進(jìn)行闡釋，不談意義),.,53,第二和第三自然段論述一些人喜歡春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)而其他人不喜歡。這一部分切忌干干巴巴的說(shuō)理，要注重用案例和引用。案例和引用不僅是英美最具有說(shuō)服力的論證方法，也是使文章充實(shí)，字?jǐn)?shù)足夠的手段之一。這里的引用，不僅指引用人們的話語(yǔ)，也指權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)查。,.,54,SomepeoplethinkhighlyoftheGala.Theysaidover20yearstheyandtheirrelativesspentnearlyalltheEvenightbeforetheTVset,enjoyingtheperformanceintheGala.(“Ithink,itisabrilliantfeast”,saidMr.LiuXiaofei,ateacherinBeijingNumber4Middleschool.)However,alotofpeopleholdthecontraryopinion.Theysaidthatononehand,thequalityoftheGalaisdescendingyearbyyearand,ontheotherhand,peoplehavefoundsomeotherwaytocelebratetheNewYearsDayadditiontotheGala.(AninvestigationbyGalopCorporationinMarch,2007illustratedthatonly61%ofthepeoplegavetheirapprovalto2006SpringFestivalGala.),.,55,第三自然段表述自己的觀點(diǎn)，字?jǐn)?shù)不要太少。表明自己的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，asfarasIknow,asfarasIamconcerned,asforme,這樣的話比takemeforexample,inmypointofview,inmyopinion的含金量要高得多，希望大家踴躍使用。同時(shí)，千萬(wàn)不要寫模棱兩可的觀點(diǎn)。AsfarasIknow,theGalaisbothapopularoneandadisgustedone這樣的話一旦出現(xiàn)，作為即得0-5分。,.,56,全文模式：TheSpringFestivalGalaperformedinCCTVhaslastedforabout25years.ItoncewasanecessaryelementinNewYearsEve.ButthefamousSpringFestivalGalahasrecentlyputsomepeopleintoahotdebate.,.,57,SomepeoplethinkhighlyoftheGala.Theysaidover20yearstheyandtheirrelativesspentnearlyalltheEvenightsbeforetheTVset,enjoyingtheperformanceintheGala.However,alotofpeopleholdthecontraryopinion.Theysaidthatononehand,thequalityoftheGalaisdescendingyearbyyearand,ontheotherhand,peoplehavefoundsomeotherwaytocelebratetheNewYearsDayadditiontotheGala.(AninvestigationbyGalopCorporationinMarch,2007illustratedthatonly61%ofthepeoplegavetheirapprovalto2006SpringFestivalGala).,.,58,AsfarasIamconcerned,IprefertokeeptheGalabecauseitservesnotonlyasentertainmentbutanoccasionforthefamiliestogather,chatandlaugh.Moreoftenthannot,itisanecessityintheEve.Nomatterwhatitwillbelikeinthefuture,theexistenceoftheGalaisbetterthantobecanceled.,.,59,結(jié)構(gòu)小練習(xí)：以O(shè)penCourses為例，1）現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)公開課很盛行2）網(wǎng)絡(luò)公開課有不少好吹，也存在一些問(wèn)題3）提我對(duì)此建議或看法,.,60,.,61,2.3.3解決問(wèn)題型文本分析這類作文有時(shí)有兩個(gè)提示點(diǎn)，有時(shí)有三個(gè)提示點(diǎn)，所以一般行文時(shí)，按照三個(gè)自然段。,.,62,以2001年1月份考試題為例，Howtosucceedinajobinterview第一自然段，寫jobInterview的作用例文1Nowadays,thejobinterviewisverypopularinthejobhuntingandisofgreatimportancebothtotheinterviewersandtotheinterviewees.Firstly,itenablestheintervieweestogiveadeepandunforgettableimpressiontotheinterviewers,andsecondly,theemployercaninspectapersonsabilitiesfromalltheaspects.,.,63,第一段例文2TherehasbeenahotdiscussiononthejobInterviewinourdailylife,especiallyoncampus.Andundoubtedlythejobinterviewisofgreatsignificanceinthejobhunting.AresearchbyBeijingUniversityemploymentinstitutionillustratesthat70.98%ofthejobhuntingisdonebythejobinterview.,.,64,第二自然段最難寫，也最好寫。正話正說(shuō)+正話反說(shuō)+個(gè)人經(jīng)歷是高分策略。Inordertoperformaperfectjobinterview,itisimportantthattheemployees(interviewees)(should）havetheproperappearanceandoutstandingabilities.Aproperappearancecangivetheintervieweragoodimpression,viceversa,adirtyandcasualappearancecanariseinterviewersdisgust.Ifapersonwantstotakeapositionheorsheshouldbeequippedwiththecorrespondingknowledge,otherwise,heorsheisnotvaluableatall.CaiWenjun,theCEOofBOFUNCo.Ltd;,saidthathewontemployanyonewhoisinragsorwhoisincapable.,.,65,全文模式：Nowadays,thejobinterviewisverypopularinthejobhuntingandisofgreatimportancebothtotheinterviewersandtotheinterviewees.Firstly,itenablestheintervieweestogiveadeepandunforgettableimpressiontotheinterviewers,andsecondly,theemployercaninspectapersonsabilitiesfromalltheaspects.Inordertoperformaperfectjobinterview,itisimportantthattheemployees(interviewees)(should）havetheproperappearanceandoutstandingabilities.Aproperappearancecangivetheintervieweragoodimpression,viceversa,adirtyandcasualappearancecanariseinterviewersdisgust.Ifapersonwantstotakeapositionheorsheshouldbeequippedwiththecorrespondingknowledge,otherwise,heorsheisnotvaluableatall.CaiWenjun,theCEOofBOFUNCo.Ltd;，saidthathewontemployanyonewhoisinragsorwhoisincapable.,.,66,Soinconclusion,asfarasImconcerned,theappearanceandtheabilitiesarethekeytoasuccessfuljobinterview,whichcannotbeneglected.（170words）,.,67,第三段做一個(gè)小總結(jié)，Inconclusion+重復(fù)主題+非限定性定語(yǔ)從句=第三段結(jié)構(gòu)。Soinconclusion,asfarasImconcerned,theappearanceandtheabilitiesarethekeytoasuccessfuljobinterview,whichshouldnotneverbeneglected.,.,68,2.3.4校園應(yīng)用文文本分析,2007年6月份：1）本社團(tuán)的主要活動(dòng)內(nèi)容2）參加本社團(tuán)的好處3）如何加入本社團(tuán),.,69,由于校園應(yīng)用文體裁多樣，可能是邀請(qǐng)函，可能是拒絕函，可能是競(jìng)聘稿，也可能是感謝信，所以我們沒有固定的模式可以提供。校園應(yīng)用文，只要言之有物，表達(dá)清楚，內(nèi)容完整就可以得到相對(duì)高的分?jǐn)?shù)。,.,70,以第一段為例：Hello!Pleaseallowmetoexpressthemostheartfulwelcometoallofthefreshmeninouruniversity!OurclubCheerkeyDramaClub,foundedin1997,islookingforwardtoyourjoining.Opportunitiestorealizeyourdreamsofbeingafamousactorwillbeavailabletoyouafteryourjoiningit.Webelievethatyouwillnotfeeldisappointedifyoutakepartinourclub.,要點(diǎn)：1）說(shuō)清楚你的社團(tuán)是什么2）日常活動(dòng)內(nèi)容是什么3）既然是海報(bào)，要有煽動(dòng)力和感召力。,.,71,第二段：TheparticipationinCheerkeyDramaClubtakesagreatnumberbenefitstoyou.First,youwillgettheopportunitiestoperforminsuchfamousdramasasHamlet,orDetective007,whichareveryhelpfultoimproveyouractingability.Second,yourperformanceisnotmoneyfree,whichwillsolvesomeproblemonthelackofmoney.,要點(diǎn)：1）簡(jiǎn)單些兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)就行2）每一點(diǎn)有層次，first,second要用上，每點(diǎn)之后可以用非限定性定語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)結(jié)果。這樣既使文章字?jǐn)?shù)足夠，又使文章語(yǔ)法上專業(yè)得多。,.,72,第三段：Ifyouthinkitisagoodchance,ifyouthinkitisverybeneficial,ifyouwanttobeafamousactororactressintheuniversity,pleasejoinourclubwithoutanyhesitation.ContactusaorgotoRoom225,secondteachingbuildingtocompletetheapplication.Ourwebsite:http:/www.C,最后一段，要求寫清楚如何加入社團(tuán)，要盡可能寫清楚所有可以加入社團(tuán)的方式。語(yǔ)言要有煽動(dòng)性。,.,73,全文：Hello!Pleas