2020高考英語(yǔ) 最后30天語(yǔ)法精講 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞VIP

2020;2020高考英語(yǔ) 最后30天語(yǔ)法精講 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式一、不定式在句子中的作用主語(yǔ)A. It is(was) + adj.(n.) + to do sthB. It + vt. + n.(pron.) + to do sthIts often difficult for me to decided what to do .It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.表語(yǔ)A. 表示預(yù)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或未來(lái)的可能性或假設(shè)B. 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容C. 用于正式的指示或命令He is to return from Paris tomorrow.My job is to wash plates.Three tablets are to be taken twice a day.賓語(yǔ)A. 接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)(afford, agree, decide, expect, happen,hope, wish, refuse, etc.)They expected to see the boss soon.B. Subj. + vt. + it + adj.(n.) to do sth.Do you consider it better not to go ?賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)基本結(jié)構(gòu)： Subj. + vt. + sb. + to do sth.(allow, ask, order, want, expect, force, etc)They expected the girl to succeed in the examination.狀語(yǔ)表示目的、結(jié)果和原因等We live to serve the people.Lets hurry so as not to be late for the meeting.What have I said to make you so excited ?We jumped with joy to hear the news.定語(yǔ)A. 動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(不定式修飾的詞是不定式動(dòng)作邏 輯上的賓語(yǔ))Do you have anything more to say? (n. + to do.)There is nothing to worry about. (n. + to vi + prep.)Lets find a room to put the bike in. (n. + to vt+ n. +p.)We havent a chair to be seated in. (n.+ to be v-ed +p.)I have a letter to write.I have a pen to write with.I have no ink to write in.I have no paper to write on.B. 主謂關(guān)系(不定式修飾的詞是不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ)) He isnt a man to bow before difficulties.She was the first person to think of the idea.C.純粹定語(yǔ) (被修飾詞通常是time, way等）Its time to go home.Is that the best way to solve the problem?二、TO代替整個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式重復(fù)前面的某個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以使用to代替，而省略該動(dòng)詞。I went there because I wanted to (go).I dont dance much now, but I used to (dance) a lot.Anyone who wants to (go for a walk) can go for a walk round Aswan.三、“TO”的省略感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞后面的 to 常省略，但是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的 to 不能省略 兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式由 and、or、but、 than、except 等連接在一起時(shí)，第二個(gè)不定式常常省略 toId like to lie down and go to sleep.Ill do anything but work on a farm.Do you want to have lunch now or wait till later?Its easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 口語(yǔ)中，在come、go、run、hurry up等動(dòng)詞后，可用and代替表示目的的動(dòng)詞不定式Come and have a drink.Would you go and tell them to shut up? had better (not ) do sth. would rather do sth (than do sth)Hed rather watch TV than go to see a film. prefer to do sth rather than do sthRather than wait, he prefers to go home on foot. Why (not) do sth?四、動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) for sb to do sthIts a mistake for us not to help them.The coffee was too hot for me to drink.Its + adj. + of sb to do sth(kind, nice, brave, stupid, clever, etc.)Its kind of you to think so much of me.五、be + adj. + to do (sth) be + v-ed + to do sthI was very pleased to see you yesterday. subj. + be + adj. + to do (vt.)(不定式邏輯上的賓語(yǔ)是句子主語(yǔ))The question is easy to answer.Shes nice to talk to.Its not a bad place to live in.六、enough， too，so as to 等 adj. + enough (for sb) to do sthHe isnt old enough to go to school. too (for sb) to do sthThe apple is too high for us to pick.NOTICE:Im too glad to see you.Hes too ready to help you. so as (not) to do sth. / in order (not) to doI got up early in order not to be late.He worked hard so as not to fail the exam. so as to do sthWould you be so kind as to tell me the time?七、動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài) 不定式與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或不定式后發(fā)生，動(dòng)詞不定式用一般時(shí)態(tài)。They invited us to go there next week. 動(dòng)詞不定式先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生，動(dòng)詞不定式用完成時(shí)態(tài)。Hes said to have written a new novel.Im sorry not to have come on Wednesday. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，動(dòng)詞不定式用進(jìn)行式。Theyre said to be building a bridge.We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here.八、動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式含被動(dòng)的一般情況She ought to be told about it.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.This form is to be filled in in ink. there be后可用主動(dòng)