機械外文翻譯--機床夾具的分類與構成.doc

Machineclassificationandposefixture1fixtureintheroleofmachiningWorkpiececlampingfixtureisakindofprocessequipment,itiswidelyusedinmechanicalmachiningofthemanufacturingprocess,heattreatment,assembly,weldingandtestingprocesses.Intheuseofmetal-cuttingmachinetoolscollectivelyreferredtoasthejigfixture.namodernproductionmachineisanindispensablefixtureoftheprocessequipment,machiningoftheworkpiece,theprocessingrequirementsinordertoensure.Firstofalltotheworkpieceandthemachinetoolrelativetoacorrectposition,andthislocationduringprocessingdoesnotchangetheimpactofexternalforces.Tothisend,duringthepre-machining,workpiececlampingmustbegood.Therearetwowaystoclampworkpiece:oneisdirectlyclampingtheworkpieceinthemachinetableoronthechuck；Theotheristheworkpieceinthefixtureonthefixture.Thefirstmethodusedwhentheworkpiececlamping,thegeneraldesignrequirementshavetopresslinesinthesurfacetodrawthesizeandlocation,clamping,orwhentheneedleiszoneddialindicatortofindisaftertheclamping.Thismethodneedspecialequipment,butlowefficiency,aregenerallyusedforone-pieceandsmallbatchproduction.Largequantities,mostlywiththeworkpiececlampingfixture.Withthemeritsoftheworkpiececlampingfixturesareasfollows:(l)Guaranteethestabilityofthemachiningaccuracyofworkpiece.Workpieceswithclampingfixture,theworkpiecerelativetothelocationoftoolandmachinetooltoensuretheaccuracyofthefixturefromthetechnicallevelofworkers,sothatanumberofworkpiecemachiningaccuracyoftheline.(2)Toimprovelaborproductivity.Workpiececlampingfixturecanfacilitatetheusereasily、rapidly,andtheworkpiecedoesnotneedtofindiscrossed,cansignificantlyreducethesupplementaryworkinghours,toimprovelaborproductivity；workpieceinthefixtureafterthefixturetoimprovetherigidityoftheworkpiece,thuscuttingtheamountofincrease,toimprovelaborproductivity；canusemorepiecesofmulti-workpiececlampingfixture,andtheuseofefficientclampingbodies,tofurtherimprovelaborproductivity.(3)Toexpandtheuseofmachinetools.Machinetoolsingeneraluseadedicatedmachinetoolfixturecanexpandthescopeoftheprocessandgivefullplaytothepotentialofmachinetoolstoachieveamulti-machineuse.Forexample,theuseofadedicatedfixturecanbeeasilyLatheprocessingsmallboxtotheworkpiece.Eveninthelatheoutofoil,areductionofexpensivededicatedmachines,reducingthecost,whichisparticularlyimportantforsmallandmedium-sizedfactories.(4)Toimprovetheoperatorsworkingconditions.Asthepneumatic,hydraulic,electro-magneticpowersource,suchastheapplicationinthefixture,ontheonehandtoreducethelaborintensityofworkers；theotherhand,itguaranteesthereliabilityoftheworkpiececlamping,andtoachievetheinterlockingmachine,toavoidaccidents,ensuretheoperatorsafetyandmachinetoolequipment(5)Toreducecosts.Inmassproductionaftertheuseoffixture,fromstemtoincreaselaborproductivity,lowerleveltechnicalworkers,aswellaslowerscrapandotherreasons,obviouslytoreducetheproductioncosts.Fixturemanufacturingcost-sharinginagroupofworkpieces,eachworkpiecetoincreasethecostisveryminimal,farlessthanasaresultofincreasedlaborproductivityandreducecosts.Thegreatervolumeofworkpiece,fixturemadetousehasbecomemoresignificanteconomicbenefits.2FixtureCategory2.1GeneralcharacteristicsofthefixturebyCategoryAccordingtotheproductionindifferenttypesoffixturesinthecommoncharacteristicsofmachinetoolfixturefixturecanbedividedintogeneral,specialfixtures,adjustableclamp,andautomaticlineofmodularfixturefixture,suchas:(l)GeneralFixture.Universalfixturereferstothestructure,sizehasbeenstandardized,andhasacertainuniversalfixture.Thistypeoffixtureadaptable,canbeusedtosetupthescopeofacertainshapeandsizeofvariousparts.(2)Adedicatedfixture.Thistypeoffixtureisdesignedforaparticularpartoftheprocessingproceduresandthedesignandmanufacture.Relativelystableintheproduct,theproductionoflargerquantities,usedavarietyofspecialfixtures,accesstohigherproductivityandmachiningaccuracy.(3)Adjustablefixture.Adjustablefixtureforgeneralfixtureandspecialfixtureandthedefectsdevelopedanewkindoffixture.Ofdifferenttypesandsizesoftheworkpiece,simplyadjustorreplacethefixtureattheoriginallocationoftheindividualcomponentsandwillbeusedtoclampcomponents.（4)ModularFixture.Modularfixtureisamodularfixture.Standardcomponentsofthemodulewithhighprecisionandresistancetoabrasion,canbeassembledintoavarietyoffixtures.Removablefixtureusedtocleantheassemblyafterthenewfixtureleft.（5)Automaticlinefixture.Automaticlineclampgenerallydividedintotwocategories:fixed-typefixture,whichissimilartoadedicatedfixture；otheraccompanyingafixturefortheuseoftheworkpieceinthefixture,togetherwiththemovement,andautomaticworkpiecealongthelinefromamovetothenextpositionpositionforprocessing.2.2ClassificationbytheuseofmachinetoolsClassificationBytheuseofmachinetoolscanbedividedintolathejigfixtures,millingfixtures,drillingfixtures,hang-bedfixture,jiggearmachine,CNCmachinetoolfixture,automaticmachinetoolfixtures,accompaniedbyautomaticline,andotherfixtures,suchasmachinetools.Thisisaspecialfixturedesignoftheclassificationmethodused.Dedicatedfixturedesign,themachinegroup,thetypeandthemainparametershavebeendetermined.Theirdifferenceisthecuttingformingmachinetoolmovements,sotheconnectionfixturewiththemachineindifferentways.Machiningaccuracyoftheirdifferentrequirements.2.3ClampingfixtureaccordingtothepowersourceClampingfixtureaccordingtothepowersourcecanbedividedintomanualfixture,pneumaticfixtures,hydraulicfixtures,gasfixturesbyforce,electromagneticfixture,vacuumfixtures,fixture,suchascentrifugalforce.3thecompositionoffixtureAlthoughthestructureofmachinetoolfixturerange,buttheircomponentscanbesummarizedasthefollowingsections.(1)Positioningcomponents.Typically,whentheshapeoftheworkpiecedatumpositionestablished,thepositionwillbethebasiccomponentsofthestructureidentified(2)Clampingdevice.Positioningoftheworkpieceinthefixture,theneedtoclamptheworkpiecebeforeprocessingtoensurethattheworkpieceduringprocessingisnotduetoexternalforceandundermineitsposition.(3)Thespecificfolder.Fixtureandtheskeletonmatrix,allthecomponentsthroughthefixtureitwillconstit