外文翻譯--葡萄酒廠設(shè)計(jì).doc

附錄WineryDesignBuildingaWineryisbothandartandascience.Agreatwineryneedstoefficientandappealingatthesametime.Thefightformarketshareisoftenwoninthetastingroom,nottheliquorstore.ThestrongdemandforBCwineisdrivinglotsofnewwinerystartupsandenticingvineyardownerstoshifttheirbusinessmodelintostartingawinebusiness.Thisstorywilldiscusssomeofthekeyconsiderationsinthedesignprocess.1.Understandyourmission.Thewineryshouldreflectthemissionstatementofthewinebusinessandbeareflectionoftheterroir,customerbase,winemakingstyle,growthplansandbrandimage.MissionHillEstateWineryisagoodexampleofabusinesswhotakesa“nothingbutthebest”approach.Thiswineryhasbecomemagnetfortouristsandwineloversandwillensurethebrandsarewellrecognized。2.Defineyourfuturecapacity.Everygoodwinebusinessshouldhaveabusinessplanthatdescribesthefuturegrowthplansalongwithsalesforecasts,winemakingphilosophyandwinemakingtechniques.Theeventualsalesgoalsforthebusinessoverafiveortenyearhorizonwilldeterminethedesignandthereforebudgetforthebuilding.Itisalwayseasierandcheapertomakethebuildingenvelopebiggerinitiallyandaddequipmentlaterthantotakeoutwallsandceilingswhenthebuildingbecomestoosmallfortherequiredproduction.Somegoodrulesofthumbaretoallow3000squarefeetfora2000casewinery,5000squarefeetfora4000casewineryand7500squarefeetfora10,000casewinery.Everywinerywillbedifferentdependingontheproductionmix.Forexample,wineriesheavilyweightedtomakehighendredwineswillneedmorespacethanawineryfocusedonwhitewines,sincebarrelsfullofredwinetakeupmorespaceovertimethanwhitewineswhichwillturnfasterandmaynotbewoodaged.3.Seekharmonywiththeenvironment.Awinerybuildingshouldbepartofthelandscape.Afrequentlyusedtechniqueistobuildaportionofthebuildingintoahillsidetoallowforgravityfedwinehandlingandtotakeadvantageofthenaturaltemperaturecontrolaffordedbytheearth.Barrelcavesareatimehonoredelementofwinerydesignthatmakessenseforproperbarrelstorage,butalsoistremendouslyinterestingforconsumers.Ensuringagoodpotablewatersupplyandameanstodealwithwineryeffluentandsolidwasteresponsiblywillinfluencebuildingplacementaswell.Theplacementofthecrushpadiscriticaltoprotectthefruitandtheworkersprocessingit.Thecrushpadshouldbeshelteredfromwind,rainandsun,yetstillaccessibletothevehiclesbringinginthecrop.Neighborhoodvaluesareimportantaswellassupportfromtheneighbors,localcouncilorplannersandotherwinerieswillbecriticaltosuccessandmayberequiredbeforeyouevenstart.Visualizationisanimportanttooltousetoseehowthedesignwillworkinaspatialsense.TheuseoffoamcoremodelsorAutoCADdrawingswith3Danalysiswillhighlightdesignproblemsnotapparentfromaflatlinedrawing.4.Buildagreatprojectteam.Thekeypeopleonadesignteamforawineryare:thearchitectwhowillcreatethebuildingconcept,thestructuralengineerwillmakesurethestructurethatspringsfromthedesignissoundandefficient,thewinemakerorwineconsultant,whowilldefinetheprocessflow,interactionofspacesandequipmentneedsbasedonwinemakingstyle,theContractor,whobuildthestructuretothedesignspecifications,hopefullyontimeandonbudgetandaProjectManager,whokeepsalltheegosincheckandkeeptheprojectontimeandonbudget.Dependingonthesizeofthewinery,eachteammembercanwearseveralhats.Thetwomostimportantelementsforsuccessarefirstlytogettheteamtogetherearlyinthedesignphaseandensurefrequentandhighqualitycommunicationandsecondly,visitLOTSofwineries,notjustinyourregion,andinterviewpeopletobroadenyourunderstanding.Theschooloflifeisawaybetterteacherthananytextbook,soIcantstressenoughthimportanceoflearningfromotherpeoplesmistakesandsuccesses.5.MakeitEfficient.Thebestwaytoensureanefficientlayoutanddesignistospendtimeonmockupsandconsideralltheoptionsinthewinemaking.Thetimespentonresearchatthisstagewillpaydividends.Anotherusefultechniqueistomakealargescalefloorplanandplaceexactscalecutoutsoftheequipmentontheplan.Youcanthenvarytheconfigurationtofindtheoptimumlayout.Flipchartsandpostitnotesaregreatforthisexercise.ThiscanbedoneonAutoCADaswellifyouhavethiscapability.Remembertoaddclearancesforforklifttravel,breathingspacefornaturalventilation(oftenaccomplishedbyceilingheight).Usingbuildingtechniquesthatconserveenergywillpaydividendslater.Someexampleswouldbe:tousenorthsouthorientationtoreduceheatloadinsummer,usingsmallerwindowstolowerheatingcostsandenergyefficientlighting.Onethemostoverlookedaspectsisadequatedrainageandfloorslopes.Agreatwaytostealtimefromyourcellarhandsforyearstocomeistomakeaflatfloorwithpoordrainageanddoomthepoorsoultohoursofpushingwater!Agoodruleofthumbisoneinchofslopeforevery8-10feet.6.ReachHigh!Agreatwinerydesigndoesnotalwayshavetobethemostexpensive.Carefulconsiderationofslopecontours,processflowandcustomerinteractionaregreatwaystobuildsweatequityintoaproject.Ofcourse,greatwineriesareoftenhousedingreatbuildingsthatdefinethebrandforyearstocome.Phasingtheprojectovertimetomatchavailableresourcesisthebestwaytogo,unlesscapitalisplentiful.AfewexamplesthatcometomindareBurrowingOwlEstateWinery,whoonlyrecentlybuiltaovernightstaycomponentaftermanyyearsinbusinessandTinhornCreekWinery,whorecentlyannouncedajointventurewithLeGavrocherestauranttobuildarestaurantontheirOliverpropertyforasummer2008opening.Winepropertiesareappreciatingstronglyeveryyear,soasignaturebuildingisagreatinvestmentforthelongterm,aswellasleavingagreatlegacy.葡萄酒廠設(shè)計(jì)建立一個(gè)葡萄酒廠既是一門(mén)藝術(shù),又是一門(mén)科學(xué)。一個(gè)偉大的葡萄酒廠在同一時(shí)間內(nèi)需要有效率和有吸引力的并存。爭(zhēng)取市場(chǎng)份額往往是贏了品酒房間,而不是品嘗酒商店。公元前酒的強(qiáng)勁的市場(chǎng)需求正推動(dòng)著許多新酒莊的主人的不間斷電源和誘人的葡萄園開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)移到他們的商業(yè)模式開(kāi)始一個(gè)葡萄酒業(yè)務(wù)。這個(gè)故事將討論在進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。1.了解你的使命。葡萄酒莊應(yīng)該反映葡萄酒的企業(yè)使命聲明，并成為業(yè)務(wù)和地域特色的一種反映釀酒風(fēng)格，客戶群,釀酒風(fēng)格,擴(kuò)展計(jì)劃和品牌形象。希爾房地產(chǎn)酒莊的就是一個(gè)很好的商業(yè)例子,一個(gè)商業(yè)信念”用最好的東西”。這個(gè)酒廠已成為游客和葡萄酒愛(ài)好者的磁鐵，并會(huì)確保品牌是眾所周知的。2.定義你的未來(lái)能力。每一家優(yōu)秀的葡萄酒企業(yè)應(yīng)該有一個(gè)商業(yè)計(jì)劃,它描述了未來(lái)發(fā)展計(jì)劃及相應(yīng)伴隨著的銷售預(yù)測(cè),釀酒哲學(xué)和釀酒技術(shù)。最終銷售目標(biāo)為企業(yè)在五年或十年將決定地平線的建筑和設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)算。相對(duì)于當(dāng)建筑物對(duì)于所必需的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模太小時(shí)擴(kuò)建廠房和增加天花板高度，制造成本更低的圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)和添加設(shè)備總是更加容易和便宜。一些很好的經(jīng)驗(yàn)規(guī)則是用實(shí)際3000平方英尺來(lái)代替設(shè)計(jì)為2000平方英尺的葡萄酒廠，5000平方英尺代替設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)的4000平方英尺和10000平方英尺代替設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)的7500平方英尺葡萄酒廠。每一個(gè)釀酒廠將是不同的,這取決于產(chǎn)品的組合。例如,葡萄酒廠著重高端紅酒將比釀酒廠集中于白葡萄酒需要更大的空間,因?yàn)殡S著時(shí)間的過(guò)去，桶充滿紅酒比白葡萄酒占用更多的空間,因?yàn)榘拙仆靶D(zhuǎn)更快并且可能不是更老的木材。3尋求與環(huán)境的和諧。釀酒廠的建筑物應(yīng)該是風(fēng)景線的一部分。一個(gè)常用的方法是建立一個(gè)部分的建筑在一個(gè)山坡上,允許葡萄酒重力處理，并利用由地球所提供的自然溫度控制優(yōu)勢(shì)。洞穴是第一次光榮桶酒莊為適當(dāng)?shù)臄[放桶而定的設(shè)計(jì)元素，這是有道理的,而且是極其吸引消費(fèi)者興趣的。確保良好的食水供應(yīng)和處理污水和固體廢物的手段，酒廠負(fù)責(zé)安置建筑物以及影響。壓碎墊的位置是非常關(guān)鍵的，它保護(hù)水果讓工人們處理它。趕工墊應(yīng)該避開(kāi)風(fēng)、雨,但仍應(yīng)接近車輛帶來(lái)的農(nóng)作物。附近的價(jià)值觀都是重要的,以及支持當(dāng)?shù)氐奈瘑T會(huì)或鄰居,規(guī)劃者和其他葡萄酒廠將是成功的關(guān)鍵,并可能被要求在開(kāi)始之前。鄰里值是重要的，以及從鄰居，規(guī)劃者和地方議會(huì)或其他酒廠獲得的支持將是成功的關(guān)鍵，并可能被要求在開(kāi)始之前?？梢暬瘧?yīng)作為一種重要的工具來(lái)使用,看看怎樣將工作設(shè)計(jì)在一個(gè)空間的感覺(jué)里。核心模型的使用或運(yùn)用三維設(shè)計(jì)分析的AutoCAD繪圖使用將比平線圖更明顯的突出問(wèn)題。4建立一個(gè)偉大的項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)。人們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵是:釀酒團(tuán)隊(duì)的建筑師將創(chuàng)造建筑概念、結(jié)構(gòu)工程師會(huì)確保彈簧的結(jié)構(gòu)從設(shè)計(jì)是合理和有效的,葡萄酒顧問(wèn)則將定義的工藝流程、互動(dòng)的空間和設(shè)備需求基于釀酒風(fēng)格而定,承包商建造了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范及對(duì)時(shí)間和預(yù)算，項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理能夠完成所有的自我檢查并使項(xiàng)目保持時(shí)間和財(cái)政預(yù)算的方案。根據(jù)葡萄酒廠的尺寸,每個(gè)小組成員可以分配