英語(yǔ)畢業(yè)論文-英漢言語(yǔ)交際中面子觀的對(duì)比研究

四川師范大學(xué)文理學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文ACONTRASTIVESTUDYOFFACEINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATION英漢言語(yǔ)交際中面子觀的對(duì)比研究學(xué)生姓名院系名稱外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院專業(yè)名稱英語(yǔ)（翻譯）班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)指導(dǎo)教師（副教授）英漢言語(yǔ)交際中面子觀的對(duì)比研究摘要在當(dāng)今的全球化時(shí)代，中國(guó)人與西方人之間頻繁的跨文化交際是空前的。但是，中西方人們不同的面子觀會(huì)給雙方之間的相互交流和相互理解造成障礙。中國(guó)人總是盡力維護(hù)他們自己的公眾形象，比較注重人的謙遜品質(zhì)，而西方人盡力避免傷害到雙方的積極面子，他們比較看重人與人之間的平等。鑒于此，本人借鑒前人的研究對(duì)英漢面子觀進(jìn)行闡述和歸納，并在此基礎(chǔ)上從稱呼、請(qǐng)求、致謝、恭維和道歉等五個(gè)方面對(duì)英漢語(yǔ)言交際中的面子觀進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。本文主要討論了中西方面子觀的差異以及這些差異在言語(yǔ)交際方方面面的體現(xiàn)。此外，本文還探究了面子觀差異縮小的趨勢(shì)并為避免由不同面子觀而引起的沖突提供一些建議。希望本文的研究可以讓人們認(rèn)識(shí)到英漢面子觀的重要性并幫助他們?cè)谟h交際中提高跨文化意識(shí)。關(guān)鍵詞面子；面子觀；言語(yǔ)交際；建議ACONTRASTIVESTUDYOFFACEINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATIONABSTRACTINTHEERAOFGLOBALIZATION,THEFREQUENCYOFCHINESEPEOPLESINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONWITHWESTERNERSISUNPRECEDENTEDLYHIGHHOWEVER,THEREARESOMEBARRIERSCAUSEDBYDIFFERENTFACEPERCEPTIONBETWEENCHINESEPEOPLEANDWESTERNERSTOTHEMUTUALCOMMUNICATIONANDUNDERSTANDINGBETWEENTHEMCHINESEPEOPLEALWAYSTRYTOMAINTAINTHEIRPUBLICIMAGEANDEMPHASIZEMODESTY,BUTWESTERNERSTRYNOTTOHARMTHEBOTHSIDESPOSITIVEFACEANDEMPHASIZEONEQUALITYINVIEWOFTHIS,THISPAPERINTERPRETSANDSUMMARIZESTHECHARACTERISTICSANDCLASSIFICATIONOFFACEVIEWBYREFERRINGTOTHEPREVIOUSRESEARCHATTEMPTINGTOMAKEACOMPARATIVESTUDYONFACEINENGLISHANDCHINESEINVERBALCOMMUNICATIONFROMADDRESSINGTERMS,REQUESTS,THANKS,COMPLIMENTSANDAPOLOGIESTHISPAPERMAINLYTALKSABOUTTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENCHINESEFACEVIEWANDWESTERNFACEVIEWANDANALYZESTHEIRMANIFESTATIONINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATIONINADDITION,THISPAPERALSOEXPLORESTHEDIFFERENCENARROWINGTRENDOFFACECONSIDERATIONANDPROVIDESSUGGESTIONSTOAVOIDCONFLICTSCAUSEDBYDIFFERENTFACEVIEWSINHOPESTHATITCANMAKEPEOPLEREALIZETHEIMPORTANCEOFFACEVIEWANDHELPTHEMINCREASETHEIRINTERCULTURALAWARENESSWHENUSINGFACEVIEWKEYWORDSFACEFACEVIEWVERBALCOMMUNICATIONSUGGESTIONSCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1PARTCONNOTATIONOFFACE311CHINESEFACEVIEW3111GOODPUBLICIMAGE3112COLLECTIVISM3113EMPHASISONMODESTY412WESTERNFACEVIEW4121POSITIVEFACEANDNEGATIVEFACE5122INDIVIDUALISMANDPERSONALITY5123CONCEPTIONOFEQUALITY6PARTDIFFERENTFACEVIEWINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATION721RANKIDEASVSEQUALITY7211MANIFESTATIONINADDRESSINGTERMS7212MANIFESTATIONINREQUESTS8213MANIFESTATIONINTHANKS822EMPHASISONMODESTYVSEMPHASISONPERSONALITY9221MANIFESTATIONINCOMPLIMENTSMEANWHILE,THENUMBERISUSEDTOSHOWAGE,SUCHAS二哥（ERGE），三妹（SANMEI）QUITEDISTINCTFROMCHINESE,THEFORMSLIKE“SECONDELDERBROTHER”,“THIRDYOUNGERSISTER”ARENOTEMPLOYEDINENGLISHTHISREVEALSTHATTHEWESTERNSOCIETYPURSUESEQUALITYVERYMUCHWHILEINCHINA,THETRADITIONALTHOUGHT“長(zhǎng)幼有序（THERANKIDEAS）”HASAGREATIMPACTONUS212MANIFESTATIONINREQUESTSTHEWAYINWHICHCHINESEPEOPLEIMPLEMENTTHEIRREQUESTSISEITHERTOODIRECTORTOOINDIRECTTHEPEOPLEINAHIGHERSTATUSORANOLDAGEASKOTHERSWHOISINALOWSTATUSORTHEYOUNGTODOSOMETHINGDIRECTLYONTHEOTHERHAND,ITISINDIRECTTOREQUESTTHEOLDORTHEONEINAHIGHERSTATUSFOREXAMPLES,THEPRESIDENTTOLDHISSECRETARY,“XIAOZHANG,COPYTHISMATERIALFORME”AFATHERMAYSAY,“OH,SON,BUYMEAPACKOFCIGARETTES”BUTSUCHDIRECTREQUESTINGSPEECHACTSMAYBERUDETOTHEENGLISHONTHEOTHERHAND,ITMAYNOTBEEASYANDREASONABLETODOSOMEREQUIREMENTSONTHEONEINAHIGHERSTATUSHENCE,THEREQUESTERSHOULDBEIMPLICITANDINDIRECTBEFORETHEYMAKEAREQUEST,THEYWILLBUILDAFRAMEOFCONTEXTSOTHATTHEREQUESTSSEEMREASONABLEORTHELISTENERSWILLHAVEAPREPARATIONFORINSTANCE,WECANNOTSAY,“IWANTTOASKFORLEAVE”INSTEAD,WEMAYSAY,“OUCH,IHAVEAHEADACHETODAY”TOOINDIRECTREQUESTINGWAYMAYMAKETHEENGLISHPUZZLEDTHEYWILLTHINKWEHAVEOTHERINTENTIONSWHENAPPLYINGREQUESTSPEECHACTS,THEENGLISHANDTHECHINESEMAYALLBEINDIRECTBUTTHEIRREASONSAREDIFFERENTFORTHETRADITIONALTHINKINGMETHOD,THECHINESEWILLTRYTHEIRBESTNOTTODAMAGEOTHERSFACEFORTHEPERSONALORIENTATION,TOBEIMPLICITANDNOTGIVINGOTHERSANENFORCINGFEELINGARETHEFIRSTFACTORSTHEENGLISHWANTTOTAKEINTOACCOUNT213MANIFESTATIONINTHANKSTHEEXPRESSION“THANKYOU”ISUSEDBOTHINENGLISHANDCHINESETOSHOWGRATITUDE,ANDITISTRUETHATENGLISHSPEAKERSUSE“THANKYOU”MOREFREQUENTLYTHANTHECHINESEINENGLISH,“THANKYOU”ISUSEDFREQUENTLYAFTERRECEIVINGHELP,OFFER,PRAISE,GIFT,ANDSOON,ANDITSEEMSTOHAVEBECOMEANINSTINCTIVERESPONSESHOWINGPOLITENESS“THANKYOU”ISUSEDINALMOSTEVERYCIRCUMSTANCE，NOMATTERWHETHERTHEPERSONSARESTRANGERSORINTIMATEFRIENDSDIFFERENTLY,INCHINESE,THEUSEOF“THANKYOU”DEPENDSONTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHESPEAKERSHOWEVER,MISUNDERSTANDINGMAYRESULTFROMTHISDIFFERENCEENGLISHSPEAKERSMAYASSUMETHATCHINESEAREUNGRATEFULORIMPOLITE,WHILECHINESEMAYALSOASSUMETHATITISDIFFICULTTOMAINTAINACLOSERELATIONSHIPWITHFOREIGNERSHEREISANEXAMPLEACHINESESTUDENTASKEDANAMERICANTEACHERTOCORRECTHISENGLISHCOMPOSITIONTHEAMERICANTEACHERTOOKMUCHTIMETOFINISHCORRECTING,ANDTHESTUDENTSINCERELYSAID,“浪費(fèi)了您那么多寶貴的時(shí)間，真不好意思。”SORRYTOWASTEYOUSOMUCHPRECIOUSTIMETHEAMERICANTEACHERSFACESUDDENLYBECAMESERIOUS,FORHETHOUGHTTHESTUDENTREGARDEDHISWORKASWASTEOFTIMEINFACT,THESTUDENTCOULDJUSTSIMPLYSAYACCORDINGTOAMERICANSCUSTOM,“IREALLYAPPRECIATEYOURWORK”22EMPHASISONMODESTYVSEMPHASISONPERSONALITY221MANIFESTATIONINCOMPLIMENTSTHEBALLWASTHEOBJECTIVETOSCORE,THEBALLHADTOBESHOTTHROUGHAHORIZONTAL,ELEVATEDGO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