不定代詞用法總結(jié)及配套練習(xí)題.docx

1、不定代詞用法總結(jié)1) some, any的用法 some和any通常用于表示不定數(shù)或不定量，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。some表示“幾個(gè)；一些；部分”，多用于肯定句；而any表示“一些；什么；任何；”，對(duì)用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。如： * He asked me some questions. (他問(wèn)了我?guī)讉€(gè)問(wèn)題。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office? (這個(gè)郵局里有郵票嗎？) 1. Would you like _ more coffee? (so

2、me/any) -Yes, please. 2. I wonder if _ will show up at the meeting. (someone/anyone)3. Doesnt _ know the answer to this question? (someone/anyone) 4. On TV _ said that smoking does not cause lung cancer. (someone/anyone) 5. (annoyed and emphatic) How can _ tell such a pack of lies ? (someone/anyone)

3、 6. It must be difficult to live without _ money. (some/any) 7. Have you seen my shoes? I cant find them _. (somewhere/anywhere) 8. - Can you believe weve run out of milk! - Would you like me to get _ at the nearest shop? (some/any) 9. _ say the Internet is just a hype and that it will blow over. (S

4、ome/Any) 10. _ day peace will come to Northern Ireland. (Some/Any) 2) 復(fù)合不定代詞的用法 a. 不定代詞some, any, no與-one, -body, -thing可以組成九個(gè)復(fù)合代詞。它們是： someone anyoneno one somebody anybodynobody something anythingnothing 這些復(fù)合不定代詞只有名詞的性質(zhì)，可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。b. 因?yàn)閟ome一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句，no表示完全否定，因此由some, any, no與-one, -bod

5、y組成的復(fù)合代詞的用法也一樣。 c. 第二部分為-one和-body的復(fù)合代詞只用于表示人，它們的形式是單數(shù)形式，但有時(shí)可以用they或them指代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking? (你辦公室里有人。你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們說(shuō)話了嗎？) d. 第二部分為-thing的復(fù)合代詞只能用于指物。如： * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He looked at me and didnt say anything. * No

6、thing can be done to save her life. e. 這些復(fù)合不定代詞如果有其它的形容詞修飾，形容詞必須后置。如： * Somebody important has arrived, Im sure. (important修飾somebody) 1There isnt _ water in the cup. AanyBmanyCsomeDthe2The bottle is empty. There is _ in it. AanythingBsomethingCnothing3There isnt _ milk in the fridge. Youd better bu

7、y some. AnoBanyCsome4.Everything_ready.Wecanstartnow. A.are B.is C.be D.were5.Theres_withhiseyes.HesOK. A.anythingwrong B.wrongsomethingC.nothingwrong D.wrongnothing6.Thestoryissoamazing!ItsthemostinterestingstoryIveeverread. ButImafraiditwontbelikedby_. A.everybody B.somebodyC.anybody D.nobody7.She

8、listenedcarefully,butheard_. A.anyone B.someone C.everyone D.nothing8.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdontagreewith_. A.everything B.anythingC.something D.nothing9.Everyoneisheretoday,_? No,HanMeiisnthere.Shesill. A.isntit B.isntheC.arethey D.isnteveryone10.Everythinggoeswell,_? A.isit B.isntit C.do

9、they D.doesntit3) none 與no one 的用法區(qū)別None和no one 都表示“三者或者三者以上的另一個(gè)”，但是用法不一樣。None既指人也指物，它常與of 短語(yǔ)連用None of us failed the exam.I have read none of the books.在回答以how many，how much 開(kāi)頭得疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要用none。No one 只能用來(lái)指人，不能指物，且不能與of短語(yǔ)連用，回答以who開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要用no one。No one knows the answer to the question.1._ofthemcanspeakRus

10、sian.A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody2._cananswermyquestion.A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody3.Whoisintheclassroom?A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody4.HowmanyhoursdoesJimplaytaijieveryday?A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody5.Howmuchwaterisinthecup？A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody4) all, every, each, other, another, either, n

11、either, both a. every只有形容詞的性質(zhì)，在句中作定語(yǔ)。常用于修飾單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞。表示“每個(gè)；各個(gè)”，還可以表示“一切”。 * After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone. every還可以和-one, -thing, -body構(gòu)成復(fù)合不定代詞，即：everyone, everything, everybody。其中，everyone和everybody用于指人，意思一樣，都是“每人；大家”，形式上表示單數(shù)意思上可以表示單數(shù)也可以表示復(fù)數(shù)。everything用于指物，意思是“每件事；一切”，形式上表示

12、單數(shù)意思上可以表示單數(shù)也可以表示復(fù)數(shù)。如： * One cant have everything. * Everything goes well with me.注意：在使用everyone時(shí)要注意和every one相區(qū)別。everyone是一個(gè)不定代詞而every one是一個(gè)詞組，前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。請(qǐng)注意下列例句： * Everyone will be here except Patrick. (everyone 指人) * Every one of the children will get a gift. (every one也指人) *We played se

13、veral matches against the visitors, but unluckily lost every one. (every one指物)b. each的意思是“每個(gè)；各自的”，可以指人，也可以指物。如： * I leave home at 7 a.m. each day. * Each of them has received a letter. 由于each和every的意思相近，都表示“每一個(gè)”，因此要特別注意它們的區(qū)別。each所描述的對(duì)象至少是兩個(gè)數(shù)目中的每一個(gè)，而every所描述的對(duì)象至少是三個(gè)數(shù)目中的每一個(gè)；every著重強(qiáng)調(diào)整體的含義而each著重強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別；

14、every只能作形容詞放于名詞前而each可以作形容詞、代詞和副詞。如： (每一個(gè)人都知道應(yīng)該做什么/他的工作。) (在這兩個(gè)句子中用every和each都可以) *You can see a lot of new shops on each side of the street. (因?yàn)榻值乐挥袃蛇呉虼瞬荒苡胑very) *Each has too coats. (each是代詞不能換用every)c. other可以指人也可以指物，表示“另外的人或事物”，其后可以接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的名詞；此外，other也有復(fù)數(shù)形式，是others。如： * He has two brothers, one i

15、s a teacher, the other is a doctor. *Some children like milk chocolate, other children prefer plain chocolate. *We should not think only of ourselves, we should think of others first. d. another的意思是“另一個(gè)；再一個(gè)；又一個(gè)”，通常只能修飾單數(shù)的名詞或代詞，泛指“不定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè)”。 * Would you like to try another kind of drink? * I dont li

16、ke this hat; please show me another. 注意：other和another都有“另外的”意思，要注意它們的區(qū)別。首先一般來(lái)說(shuō)，兩者中的“另一個(gè)”是the other，不定數(shù)目中的“另一個(gè)”是another。如： * She has a book in one hand and a pen in the other. (這里表示兩只手中的另一個(gè)因此用the other) * This cup is broken. Get me another, please. 其次，other的后面可以接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的名詞而another的后面只能接單數(shù)名詞。如： * He has

17、 other brothers. * I am not very well today. Tell them I will go and see them another day. 第三，other有復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別人時(shí)通常不加冠詞；而表示其他的人時(shí)常要加定冠詞；而another沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 * Some went to the Peoples Park, others visited the zoo. * Could you tell the others that Ill be late? 5) many, much, few, little, a few, a little, a lo

18、t of, lots of 這些詞都可以用來(lái)表示數(shù)量，但它們的用法也應(yīng)當(dāng)注意。 a. many和much 這兩個(gè)詞都表示“許多；大量”，它們的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是more和most。它們的不同在于：many只能指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，much一般只能指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如： * “Do you have any books on English grammar?” “Yes, but not many.” (這里的many指代上文的books) * Much time will be saved if you plan your work very well. (time是不可數(shù)名詞，因此用m

19、uch) b. (a) few和 (a) little a few和a little是一對(duì)用作表示數(shù)量的不定代詞的固定詞組，它們具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，它們的意思是“少數(shù)；少量”，都表示肯定的意思。它們的不同點(diǎn)是：a few指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，a little指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如： * Only a few of the children in this village can read. (因?yàn)閏hildren是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)因此用a few) * There was a little rain just now and the air is fresh now. (rain是不可

20、數(shù)名詞因此要用a little) few和little表示否定，意思是“幾乎一點(diǎn)沒(méi)有”，相當(dāng)于not many或not much。和a few和a little一樣，few指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)而little指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如： * Few visitors enjoyed the trip to London. (few修飾的是可數(shù)名詞visitors) * There is little to be done about it. (關(guān)于這件事沒(méi)有什么可做的了。) (little指代索要做的事情) few的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是：fewer，fewest；little的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是：less，least。c. a lot of和lots of 這兩個(gè)詞組的意思都是“大量的；許多的”，后面既修飾能可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)也能修飾不可數(shù)名詞，可以代替many和much使用。練習(xí)：1I bought _flowers on my way home. 2. _ of them have left for England.3I asked her for _paper, but she didnt have _. 4._