不定代詞用法總結(jié)及配套練習(xí)題.docx

1、不定代詞用法總結(jié)1) some, any的用法 some和any通常用于表示不定數(shù)或不定量，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。some表示“幾個(gè)；一些；部分”，多用于肯定句；而any表示“一些；什么；任何；”，對(duì)用于否定句或疑問句中。如： * He asked me some questions. (他問了我?guī)讉€(gè)問題。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office? (這個(gè)郵局里有郵票嗎？) 1. Would you like _ more coffee? (so

2、me/any) -Yes, please. 2. I wonder if _ will show up at the meeting. (someone/anyone)3. Doesnt _ know the answer to this question? (someone/anyone) 4. On TV _ said that smoking does not cause lung cancer. (someone/anyone) 5. (annoyed and emphatic) How can _ tell such a pack of lies ? (someone/anyone)

3、 6. It must be difficult to live without _ money. (some/any) 7. Have you seen my shoes? I cant find them _. (somewhere/anywhere) 8. - Can you believe weve run out of milk! - Would you like me to get _ at the nearest shop? (some/any) 9. _ say the Internet is just a hype and that it will blow over. (S

4、ome/Any) 10. _ day peace will come to Northern Ireland. (Some/Any) 2) 復(fù)合不定代詞的用法 a. 不定代詞some, any, no與-one, -body, -thing可以組成九個(gè)復(fù)合代詞。它們是： someone anyoneno one somebody anybodynobody something anythingnothing 這些復(fù)合不定代詞只有名詞的性質(zhì)，可以作主語、賓語等。b. 因?yàn)閟ome一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句或疑問句，no表示完全否定，因此由some, any, no與-one, -bod

5、y組成的復(fù)合代詞的用法也一樣。 c. 第二部分為-one和-body的復(fù)合代詞只用于表示人，它們的形式是單數(shù)形式，但有時(shí)可以用they或them指代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking? (你辦公室里有人。你聽見他們說話了嗎？) d. 第二部分為-thing的復(fù)合代詞只能用于指物。如： * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He looked at me and didnt say anything. * No

6、thing can be done to save her life. e. 這些復(fù)合不定代詞如果有其它的形容詞修飾，形容詞必須后置。如： * Somebody important has arrived, Im sure. (important修飾somebody) 1There isnt _ water in the cup. AanyBmanyCsomeDthe2The bottle is empty. There is _ in it. AanythingBsomethingCnothing3There isnt _ milk in the fridge. Youd better bu

7、y some. AnoBanyCsome4.Everything_ready.Wecanstartnow. A.are B.is C.be D.were5.Theres_withhiseyes.HesOK. A.anythingwrong B.wrongsomethingC.nothingwrong D.wrongnothing6.Thestoryissoamazing!ItsthemostinterestingstoryIveeverread. ButImafraiditwontbelikedby_. A.everybody B.somebodyC.anybody D.nobody7.She

8、listenedcarefully,butheard_. A.anyone B.someone C.everyone D.nothing8.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdontagreewith_. A.everything B.anythingC.something D.nothing9.Everyoneisheretoday,_? No,HanMeiisnthere.Shesill. A.isntit B.isntheC.arethey D.isnteveryone10.Everythinggoeswell,_? A.isit B.isntit C.do

9、they D.doesntit3) none 與no one 的用法區(qū)別None和no one 都表示“三者或者三者以上的另一個(gè)”，但是用法不一樣。None既指人也指物，它常與of 短語連用None of us failed the exam.I have read none of the books.在回答以how many，how much 開頭得疑問句時(shí)要用none。No one 只能用來指人，不能指物，且不能與of短語連用，回答以who開頭的疑問句時(shí)要用no one。No one knows the answer to the question.1._ofthemcanspeakRus

10、sian.A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody2._cananswermyquestion.A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody3.Whoisintheclassroom?A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody4.HowmanyhoursdoesJimplaytaijieveryday?A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody5.Howmuchwaterisinthecup？A.NooneB.NooneC.NoneD.Nobody4) all, every, each, other, another, either, n

11、either, both a. every只有形容詞的性質(zhì)，在句中作定語。常用于修飾單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞。表示“每個(gè)；各個(gè)”，還可以表示“一切”。 * After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone. every還可以和-one, -thing, -body構(gòu)成復(fù)合不定代詞，即：everyone, everything, everybody。其中，everyone和everybody用于指人，意思一樣，都是“每人；大家”，形式上表示單數(shù)意思上可以表示單數(shù)也可以表示復(fù)數(shù)。everything用于指物，意思是“每件事；一切”，形式上表示

12、單數(shù)意思上可以表示單數(shù)也可以表示復(fù)數(shù)。如： * One cant have everything. * Everything goes well with me.注意：在使用everyone時(shí)要注意和every one相區(qū)別。everyone是一個(gè)不定代詞而every one是一個(gè)詞組，前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。請(qǐng)注意下列例句： * Everyone will be here except Patrick. (everyone 指人) * Every one of the children will get a gift. (every one也指人) *We played se

13、veral matches against the visitors, but unluckily lost every one. (every one指物)b. each的意思是“每個(gè)；各自的”，可以指人，也可以指物。如： * I leave home at 7 a.m. each day. * Each of them has received a letter. 由于each和every的意思相近，都表示“每一個(gè)”，因此要特別注意它們的區(qū)別。each所描述的對(duì)象至少是兩個(gè)數(shù)目中的每一個(gè)，而every所描述的對(duì)象至少是三個(gè)數(shù)目中的每一個(gè)；every著重強(qiáng)調(diào)整體的含義而each著重強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別；

14、every只能作形容詞放于名詞前而each可以作形容詞、代詞和副詞。如： (每一個(gè)人都知道應(yīng)該做什么/他的工作。) (在這兩個(gè)句子中用every和each都可以) *You can see a lot of new shops on each side of the street. (因?yàn)榻值乐挥袃蛇呉虼瞬荒苡胑very) *Each has too coats. (each是代詞不能換用every)c. other可以指人也可以指物，表示“另外的人或事物”，其后可以接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的名詞；此外，other也有復(fù)數(shù)形式，是others。如： * He has two brothers, one i

15、s a teacher, the other is a doctor. *Some children like milk chocolate, other children prefer plain chocolate. *We should not think only of ourselves, we should think of others first. d. another的意思是“另一個(gè)；再一個(gè)；又一個(gè)”，通常只能修飾單數(shù)的名詞或代詞，泛指“不定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè)”。 * Would you like to try another kind of drink? * I dont li

16、ke this hat; please show me another. 注意：other和another都有“另外的”意思，要注意它們的區(qū)別。首先一般來說，兩者中的“另一個(gè)”是the other，不定數(shù)目中的“另一個(gè)”是another。如： * She has a book in one hand and a pen in the other. (這里表示兩只手中的另一個(gè)因此用the other) * This cup is broken. Get me another, please. 其次，other的后面可以接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的名詞而another的后面只能接單數(shù)名詞。如： * He has

17、 other brothers. * I am not very well today. Tell them I will go and see them another day. 第三，other有復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別人時(shí)通常不加冠詞；而表示其他的人時(shí)常要加定冠詞；而another沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 * Some went to the Peoples Park, others visited the zoo. * Could you tell the others that Ill be late? 5) many, much, few, little, a few, a little, a lo

18、t of, lots of 這些詞都可以用來表示數(shù)量，但它們的用法也應(yīng)當(dāng)注意。 a. many和much 這兩個(gè)詞都表示“許多；大量”，它們的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是more和most。它們的不同在于：many只能指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，much一般只能指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如： * “Do you have any books on English grammar?” “Yes, but not many.” (這里的many指代上文的books) * Much time will be saved if you plan your work very well. (time是不可數(shù)名詞，因此用m

19、uch) b. (a) few和 (a) little a few和a little是一對(duì)用作表示數(shù)量的不定代詞的固定詞組，它們具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，它們的意思是“少數(shù)；少量”，都表示肯定的意思。它們的不同點(diǎn)是：a few指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，a little指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如： * Only a few of the children in this village can read. (因?yàn)閏hildren是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)因此用a few) * There was a little rain just now and the air is fresh now. (rain是不可

20、數(shù)名詞因此要用a little) few和little表示否定，意思是“幾乎一點(diǎn)沒有”，相當(dāng)于not many或not much。和a few和a little一樣，few指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)而little指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如： * Few visitors enjoyed the trip to London. (few修飾的是可數(shù)名詞visitors) * There is little to be done about it. (關(guān)于這件事沒有什么可做的了。) (little指代索要做的事情) few的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是：fewer，fewest；little的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是：less，least。c. a lot of和lots of 這兩個(gè)詞組的意思都是“大量的；許多的”，后面既修飾能可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)也能修飾不可數(shù)名詞，可以代替many和much使用。練習(xí)：1I bought _flowers on my way home. 2. _ of them have left for England.3I asked her for _paper, but she didnt have _. 4._