外文資料與中文翻譯

1、.；河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院電氣與自動(dòng)化工程系2010屆畢業(yè)生英文文獻(xiàn)專(zhuān)業(yè)： 電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化 班級(jí)： 07電氣1班 學(xué)號(hào)： 0720120027 姓名： 王烙印 時(shí)間： 年 月 日英文資料Single-Chip Microcomputer dormancy computing reset and the anti-interference ability is perfectAbstract:Introduce a kind of dormancy of using- restore to the throne in the operation way and improve the an

2、ti-interference ability method of the one-chip computer,Analyse its scope of application, provide and use the circuit concretely; Combine the instance, analyze the characteristic of the hardware and software design under these kind of operation way.Keyword: Single-Chip Microcomputer Restore to the t

3、hrone, dormancy, anti-interference Preface: With the development at full speed of the micro electric technique, the performance of the one-chip computer improves rapidly, demonstrate the outstanding advantage in the operation, logic control, intelligent respect, replaced and enlarged the measuring t

4、hat the circuit made up, control circuit by digital logical circuit, operation originally to a great extent, use very extensively. But because it have system halted, procedure run critical defect of flying etc, make it limit in a lot of important application of occasion. A lot of technology in anti-

5、interference , for example set up the software trap, add the hardware to guard the gate in dogs circuit etc, can make this problem have better settlement, but still the existing problem: Guard the gate dog at the movement, mean and appear mistake already and run some time, this is not allowed in som

6、e occasions; Procedure appear circulation mistake very much sometimes, but just guard the gate dog control link include and enter, adopt and guard the gate as to such a mistake dog unable to discern; In measure and control cycle among the long system, one-chip computer spend wait for the peripheral

7、hardware a large amount of time, will be interfered too when carry out and wait for the order. To these situations, we have tried the method restored to the throne voluntarily in practice, alternate pulse of adopting etc or restore to the throne waking according to external terms to the one-chip com

8、puter up. After being restored to the throne each time, the one-chip computer carries out the corresponding procedure, enters dormancy in time after finishing carrying out the task, wait to be restored to the throne neatly. Have solved above-mentioned problems well with this method, and has got bett

9、er result in the agricultural voltage transformer comprehensive protector experiment. Now take 51 serial one-chip computers as an example and probe into the concrete principle and implementation method, restored to the throne the signal as the high level. 1 A principle and implementation method 1.1

10、Unconditional regular reset Use timer, special clock chip or other pulse generator in a certain part of the regular produce reset signal. This method is especially suited for measuring instrument; this kind of method is especially suitable for the measuring instrument. In not running actually, sampl

11、e the analog quantity of introduction with A/D converter often, then store showing. This course is very fast, but steady for reading, the data per second are only upgraded 1 -2 times, a large amount of time of CPU is used for waiting. Let CPU carry out and enter dormancy directly after the task , re

12、store to the throne and wake by external world up It carry out the next operation, this is to restore to the throne the law regularly In this way can make anti-interference ability strengthen greatly , have 2 points mainly: . At the dormancy, procedure stop run can appear PC indicator disorderly pro

13、cedure that causes run and fly. Work time in dormancy proportion 1:9, that is to say 1 s have 0.1 time of s used for measuring, sending off showing, there is time dormancy of 0.9s, the probability that the procedure is interfered is 1/10 while running at full speed, whole anti-interference ability r

14、aise by 10 times. Because every 1s is restored to the throne once unconditionally, once present the system halted during a job, can certainly resume when restored to the throne next time. As to only instrument that show, some reading mistake that 1s appear accidentally there is no memory to the next

15、 measurement, be could bear, belong to “pass” mistake. This kind is restored to the throne the advantage of dogs circuit for guarding the gate regularly, first, change waiting time into a dormancy state, time to shorten and may be interfered; Second, avoided happening that the dog controls the death

16、 circulation of the link to include guarding the gate. 1.2 The external condition is restored to the throne the law Some arrival that export or measure is controlled by the outside. For instance, the hot form of heating, rotate the pulse produced and calculate heat by hot water wheels, there is no h

17、ot water to flow, there is no heat to export, CPU only need in fact keep number value, do not need to count. Can imagine hot water wheels rotate when parking warm , CPU idle in will it be will it be one season autumn spring and summer, If let dormancy its , measure have water wheels pulse constantly

18、, anti-interference ability can strengthen greatly. So, so long as link up the restoring to the throne of the pulse of the water wheels and CPU, the water wheels rotate a circle each time, CPU is restored to the throne once, hot form can work normally , this is restored to the throne the law by the

19、external condition . Similar application have half electron kilowatt-hour meter , go on one count just when the machinery degree wheels and transfers to a circle, users do not need the electricity, CPU has been knowing the dormancy all the time . The restoring to the throne in the interval not to be

20、 regular, but confirmed according to the external condition of this method. In some occasions, the time of the dormancy will be very long, very effective to improving anti-interference ability. 2 The hardware realizes the main point 2.1 Restored to the throne regularly unconditionallyGenerally it ha

21、s 2 kinds of methods. Use the timer or the special-purpose clock chip to be restored to the throne. Fig1, in order to use the timing circuit that 555 circuit makes up; Can use the clock chips of X1126, etc, wake CPU up with the alarm signal after setting up warning time. This kind of method is suita

22、ble when the long interval is made, can also follow the result of this operation ，determine to wake time up in alarm next time temporarily, very flexible and convenient. The signal of using the system to be inherent is as reducing the pulse regularly. Use 50Hz worker power make reducing after having

23、 a facelift frequently, already omit the timer, gathered the corresponding signal for the phase place which measured the electric current signal at the same time, as Fig. 2 shows. 2.2 External conditions are restored to the throneSend external condition pulse to and is restored to the throne the end

24、 son after having a facelift. To that above-mentioned water wheels or the ammeter spend a pulse produced, can use Schmitts trigger to have a facelift; For writing down the instrument of the biggest or minimum，can use the window comparator. In order to realize the electrification that is regulated，ca

25、n use the electronic electric potential device, establish upper and lower limits with the order of the one-chip computer. 2.3 Reduce cycle and restored to the throne the high electricity at ordinary times In Fig3, restored to the throne the signal during high level Tr, the one-chip computer is in th

26、e state of restoring to the throne, the procedure does not run, anti-interference ability is the strongest; After the high level, the one-chip computer begins to hold the conduct procedure. That is to say, are restored to the throne and suitable for the time that the procedure carries out during the

27、 low level Td of the signal, this time should be greater than the execution cycle of the procedure each time. It is restore to the throne cycle and restore to the throne high level of signal take empty than very much important to choose rationally. As to simple to show instrument, restore to the thr

28、one cycle determine data break cycle, low electricity is it measure, hence over all time shown to greater than to want at ordinary times; otherwise, it cant present forever the mistake of the intact executive program. Monolithic integrated circuit in Ts and Tr period all can effectively the antigamb

29、ling, but is best the unnecessary time arrangement in Tr. When the program time is long, as far as possible the request reduces Tr,it may join the differentiating circuit, like chart 1 center C30, R26, D9.2.4 Have the electricity to measure and restore to the throne manually Some systems in its init

30、ialization and run-time need first electrical impulses. Restored to the throne and already become the beginning condition of normal running each time while adopting the way of restoring to the throne to run, it is unable to distinguish and have the electricity for the first time. In some pin connect

31、s the electric capacity of one Leif to the ground, measure this pin after being restored to the throne, if low level to have electricity for the first time. Give system set up one restore to the throne button, that is to say a common one manual to restore to the throne, this button is not joined and

32、 being restored to the throne in the end, is connected in parallel in the electric capacity both ends to the ground of above-mentioned pins.Result: Conclusion Anti-interference is an important problem in an electronic design, especially Important in the one-chip computer. This is because the one-chi

33、p computer has procedures to run particularity that flies, the consequence that it is interfered may be the system halted, may send out various kinds of mistakes or illegal movements before the system halted too, make the whole system produce the mortality mistake. So, only guarantee it is not enoug

34、h yet for one-chip computer not to crash, study how to reduce the risk interfered, it can befault-toierant how is it after and make mistakes. This text is it act as some exploration from two these to try hard, hope these elementary opinions can play some function of casting a brick to attract jade,

35、helpful to everybody; Hope to every colleague explore together, improve our design level together.中文翻譯單片機(jī)的休眠運(yùn)算復(fù)位和抗干擾能力完善摘要：介紹了一種通過(guò)運(yùn)算復(fù)位來(lái)改善抗干擾能力的重復(fù)使用的單片機(jī)，分析其適用范圍，提供和分析其所使用的電路，結(jié)合實(shí)例分析在某些運(yùn)行方式下的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)。關(guān)鍵詞： 單片機(jī)復(fù)位，休眠，反干擾前言： 隨著微電子技術(shù)迅速發(fā)展，單片機(jī)性能也得到迅速提高。智能維護(hù)邏輯控制電路取代了以往的測(cè)量電路的數(shù)字邏輯控制電路，并將其發(fā)展。這操作被擴(kuò)展到更大的范圍，并得到廣泛使用。因?yàn)樗?/p>

36、有系統(tǒng)的停頓，所以運(yùn)行程序有致命缺陷在許多重要場(chǎng)合受到限制。很多反干擾技術(shù)（例如有軟件隔欄；將硬件的接口放入狗的電路中等等）可以使這一問(wèn)題的到很好的解決，但仍然存在著問(wèn)題： 連接狗的電路運(yùn)行時(shí)好時(shí)壞，這是在某些場(chǎng)合是不允許的。 程序時(shí)常出現(xiàn)很多電路錯(cuò)誤，僅僅是狗的連接環(huán)節(jié)也會(huì)時(shí)常出現(xiàn)無(wú)法識(shí)別的錯(cuò)誤。 在測(cè)量和控制周期之間的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)時(shí)，單片機(jī)要花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間等待周邊其他硬件，在運(yùn)算處理等待命令時(shí)它將會(huì)受到太多的干擾，對(duì)于這些情況，在實(shí)踐中我們已經(jīng)嘗試過(guò)主動(dòng)復(fù)位的方法，采用后續(xù)脈沖外界條件觸發(fā)單片機(jī)工作。在每次復(fù)位后單片機(jī)將進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的程序，執(zhí)行命令后立即進(jìn)入休眠，為下次復(fù)位做好準(zhǔn)備，用此種方法很好的解

37、決了上述的問(wèn)題，在農(nóng)業(yè)電壓互感器綜合保護(hù)裝置實(shí)驗(yàn)中得到很好的效果?，F(xiàn)在用51系列單片機(jī)作為一個(gè)例子，并具體探討高電平復(fù)位的原理和實(shí)施方法。1 原理和實(shí)施方法1.1 無(wú)條件定期復(fù)位使用定時(shí)器，專(zhuān)用時(shí)鐘芯片或其它脈沖發(fā)生器在某一部分定期產(chǎn)生復(fù)位信號(hào)。這種方法尤其適合于測(cè)量?jī)x器。在這種運(yùn)行中，模擬量通過(guò)A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器后并將其存入顯示。這當(dāng)然是非?？斓?，但在穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行中，數(shù)據(jù)每秒只有1-2倍的提高，在大量的時(shí)間內(nèi)CPU是用來(lái)等待讓CPU的工作并工作后進(jìn)入休眠，復(fù)位和外界條件觸發(fā)CPU執(zhí)行下次指令，這就是復(fù)位，這樣才能使抗干擾能力大大加強(qiáng)。其有兩個(gè)主要內(nèi)容： 在休眠（程序停止運(yùn)行）時(shí)可以出現(xiàn)CP機(jī)指示無(wú)序

38、的程序。工作時(shí)間與休眠時(shí)間比例為1：9，那就是說(shuō)1秒內(nèi)有0.1秒時(shí)間是用于測(cè)量，傳送，顯示，有0.9秒時(shí)間是休眠。這概率也就是說(shuō)一程序在全速運(yùn)行時(shí)間只有十分之一的干涉時(shí)間，整個(gè)抗干擾能力提高十倍。 因?yàn)槭敲棵氲膹?fù)位，一旦無(wú)條件或目前的工作運(yùn)行停止，下一個(gè)周期一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)恢復(fù)復(fù)位。至于唯一的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，雖然有些讀入數(shù)據(jù)在1秒內(nèi)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤但對(duì)下次測(cè)量沒(méi)有影響或可以承受的都屬于可忽略的錯(cuò)誤。這種復(fù)位的好處是狗的電路在定期控制著。首先，改工作到休眠狀態(tài)的時(shí)間，并有可能干預(yù)，二是可以避免發(fā)生該狗門(mén)電路的控制導(dǎo)致接口連接不暢。1.2 外部條件復(fù)位法部分進(jìn)入是由外界控制的，舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，加熱升溫供暖的旋轉(zhuǎn)脈沖產(chǎn)生，并計(jì)算有熱水車(chē)輪產(chǎn)生的熱量，沒(méi)有熱水流量也沒(méi)有熱出口量時(shí)中央處理器只需要在事實(shí)上使用的