雅思閱讀表格填空題講解：AlternativeMedicineinAustralia.

1、雅思閱讀表格填空題講解：alternativemedicineinaustralia. 雅思閱讀表格填空題講解-alternative medicine in australia.alternative medicine in australiathe first students to study alternative medicine at university level in australia began their four-year, full-time course at the university of technology sydney, in early 1994.

2、their course covered, among other therapies, acupuncture. the theory they learnt is based on the traditional chinese explanation of this ancient healing art that it can regulate the flow of qi or energy through pathways in the body. this course reflects how far some alternative therapies have come i

3、n their struggle for acceptance by the medical establishment.australia has been unusual in the western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, according to dr paul laver, a lecturer in public health at the university of sydney. weve had a tradition of doctor

4、s being fairly powerful and i guess they are pretty loath to allow any pretenders to their position to come into it. in many other industrialized countries, orthodox and alternative medicine have worked hand in glove for years. in europe, only orthodox doctors can prescribe herbal medicine. in germa

5、ny, plant remedies account for 10% of the national turnover of pharmaceuticals. americans made more visits to alternative therapists than to orthodox doctors in 1990, and each year they spend about $us12 billion on therapies that have not been scientifically tested.disenchantment with orthodox medic

6、ine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in australia climb steadily during the past 20 years. in a 1983 national health survey, 1.9% of people said they had contacted a chiropractor, naturopath, osteopath, acupuncturist or herbalist in the two weeks prior to the survey. by 1990, this fi

7、gure had risen to 2.6% of the population. the 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists reported in the 1990 survey represented about an eighth of the total number of consultations with medically qualified personnel covered by the survey, according to dr laver and colleagues writing in the a

8、ustralian journal of public health in1993. a better educated and less accepting public has become disillusioned with the experts in general, and increasingly skeptical about science and empirically based knowledge, they said.the high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a

9、 consequence.rather than resisting or criticizing this trend, increasing numbers of australian doctors, particularly younger ones, are forming group practices with alternative therapists or taking courses themselves, particularly in acupuncture and herbalism. part of the incentive was financial, dr

10、laver said. the bottom line is that most general practitioners are business people. if they see potential clientele going elsewhere, they might want to be able to offer a similar service.in 1993, dr laver and his colleagues published a survey of 289 sydney people who attended eight alternative thera

11、pists practices in sydney. these practices offered a wide range of alternative therapies from 25 therapists. those surveyed had experienced chronic illnesses, for which orthodox medicine had been able to provide little relief. they commented that they liked the holistic approach of their alternative

12、 therapists and the friendly, concerned and detailed attention they had received. the cold, impersonal manner of orthodox doctors featured in the survey. an increasing exodus from their clinics, coupled with this and a number of other relevant surveys carried out in australia, all pointing to orthod

13、ox doctors inadequacies, have led mainstream doctors themselves to begin to admit they could learn from the personal style of alternative therapists. dr patrick store, president of the royal college of general practitioners, concurs that orthodox doctors could learn a lot about bedside manner and ad

14、vising patients on preventative health from alternative therapists.according to the australian journal of public health, 18% of patients visitingalternative therapists do so because they suffer from musculo-skeletal complaints, 12% suffer from digestive problems, which is only 1% more than those suf

15、fering from emotional problems. those suffering from respiratory complaints represent 7% of their patients, and candida sufferers represent an equal percentage. headache sufferers and those complaining of general ill health represent 6% and 5% of patients respectively and a further 4% see therapists

16、 for general health maintenance. the survey suggested that complementary medicine is probably a better term than alternative medicine. alternative medicine appears to be an adjunct sought in times of disenchantment when conventional medicine seems not to offer the answer.真題講解：長難句練習(xí)：1. weve had a tra

17、dition of doctors being fairly powerful and i guess they are pretty loath to allow any pretenders to their position to come into it.參考譯文：我們有個傳統(tǒng)，醫(yī)生是相當(dāng)權(quán)威的，我猜他們很不愿意讓那些覬覦他們位置的冒牌貨得逞。知識點：在這句話當(dāng)中，being fairly powerful是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語來修飾doctors。2. the 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists reported in the

18、 1990 survey represented about an eighth of the total number of consultations with medically qualified personnel covered by the survey, according to dr laver and colleagues writing in the australian journal of public health in 1993.參考譯文：據(jù) laver 博士和他的同事在 1993 年的澳大利亞公共衛(wèi)生期刊中所說，在 1990 年所作的報告中，55 萬人對替代療法

19、專家進行過咨詢，占據(jù)著這次調(diào)查所涉及到的對醫(yī)療合格人員的咨詢總數(shù)量的八分之一。知識點：這句話的主語是consultations， reported是過去分詞作定語，修飾consultations。謂語是represented，賓語是an eighth of the total number of consultations。3. an increasing exodus from their clinics, coupled with this and a number of other relevant surveys carried out in australia, all pointi

20、ng to orthodox doctors inadequacies, have led mainstream doctors themselves to begin to admit they could learn from the personal style of alternative therapists.參考譯文：病人從診所中大批離去，加上其他一些相關(guān)的全國性調(diào)查的結(jié)果，矛頭直指正統(tǒng)醫(yī)師的不足之處，這就使得他們開始承認(rèn)應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)一下另類療法醫(yī)師的親切態(tài)度。知識點：exodus以及this and a number of other relevant surveys是主語，謂語是h

21、ave led- to-, all pointing to-則是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，來限定主語。雅思閱讀流程圖填空題講解-bakelitebakelitethe birth of modem plasticsin 1907, leo hendrick baekeland, a belgian scientist working in new york, discovered and patented a revolutionary new synthetic material. his invention, which he named bakelite, was of enormous tech

22、nological importance, and effectively launched the modern plastics industry.the term plastic comes from the greek plassein, meaning to mould. some plastics are derived from natural sources, some are semi-synthetic (the result of chemical action on a natural substance), and some are entirely syntheti

23、c, that is. chemically engineered from the constituents of coal or oil. some are thermoplastic, which means that, like candlewax, they melt when heated and can then be reshaped. others are thermosetting: like eggs, they cannot revert to their original viscous state, and their shape is thus fixed for

24、 ever. bakelite had the distinction of being the first totally synthetic thermosetting plastic.the history of todays plastics begins with the discovery of a series of semi-synthetic thermoplastic materials in the mid-nineteenth century. the impetus behind the development of these early plastics was

25、generated by a number of factors - immense technological progress in the domain of chemistry, coupled with wider cultural changes, and the pragmatic need to find acceptable substitutes for dwindling supplies of luxury materials such as tortoiseshell and ivory.baekelands interest in plastics began in

26、 1885 when, as a young chemistry student in belgium, he embarked on research into phenolic resins, the group of sticky substances produced when phenol (carbolic acid) combines with an aldehyde (a volatile fluid similar to alcohol). he soon abandoned the subject, however, only returning to it some ye

27、ars later. by 1905 he was a wealthy new yorker, having recently made his fortune with the invention of a new photographic paper. while baekeland had been busily amassing dollars, some advances had been made in the development of plastics. the years 1899 and 1900 had seen the patenting of the first s

28、emi-synthetic thermosetting material that could be manufactured on an industrial scale. in purely scientific terms, baekelands major contribution to the field is not so much the actual discovery of the material to which he gave his name, but rather the method by which a reaction between phenol and f

29、ormaldehyde could be controlled, thus making possible its preparation on a commercial basis. on 13 july 1907, baekeland took out his famous patent describing this preparation, the essential features of which are still in use today.the original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol a

30、nd formaldehyde (from wood or coal) were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle. the result was a resin known as novalak, which became soluble and malleable when heated. the resin was allowed to cool in shallow trays until it hardened, and then broken up and ground into pow

31、der. other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton, which increase strength and moisture resistance, catalysts (substances to speed up the reaction between two chemicals without joining to either) and hexa, a compound of ammonia and formaldehyde which supplied the additional formaldehyde necessary to form a thermosetting resin. this resin was then left to cool and harden, and ground up a second time.