2020高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)技能保分練(六)詞義猜測題Word版含解析

1、專項(xiàng)技能保分練（六）詞義猜測題2019 河南省五校聯(lián)考l was getting ready to go to bed when the phone rang. This could not be good. My mind raced through the list of family members who might n eed help, but the voice was hardly familiar.“Li ndy, this is Lesley” I did nt know Lesley well. We didoccasi on ally speak with each o

2、ther, but to say we were frie nds was not appropriate. I asked what she needed. Perhaps something really awful caused her to reach some one she barely kn ew. In stead, she asked meDo you have room for a turkey? In your freezer ？”We had lots of room in our freezer, and in fact, too much.Not“Sure,” I

3、resp on ded, “ did your freezer break dow n ?exactly，” Lesley replied, “ but I will expla in whe n I arrive. ”Minu tes later came a huge freezer truck. Lesley stepped dow n and expla ined the lease （租約）of the grocery store her husba nd serviced had run out and that they had to empty all the freezers

4、 that very ni ght. Thinking it was a shame to throw away all this good food, they decided to drop off food to anyone she could thi nk of. Notic ing our freezer was pretty empty, Lesley asked to fill it up. Our home was their last stop and anything left would have to be put in our freezer. An hour la

5、ter, everything finished, I asked her, “When will you come back for all this?” Lesley laughed, “We dont want it back. It is yours! Thanks for helping us out !” Then they waved goodbye and drove away.“For helping them out?” We opened our freezer door. Inside were all expensive foods we never bought b

6、ut often Ionged to try. We were struggling to buy groceries, yet it was not something we shared with anyone. However, our needs were met in an unexpected way, by that call. “Do you have room for a turkey?”體裁：記敘文 題材：個(gè)人經(jīng)歷 主題：“求助”變“受助”【語篇解讀】本文為記敘文，講述了作者一家在困難時(shí)期意外收到一位只有點(diǎn)頭之交的人的“求助”，實(shí)際上卻得到對方幫助的故事。【難句分析】 Le

7、sley stepped dow n and expla ined the lease 租約） of the grocery store her husband serviced had run out and that they had to empty all the freezers that very ni ght.分析：the lease 租約）of the grocery store her husband serviced hadrun out 和 that they had to empty all the freezers that very night 為并列的 賓語從句，

8、作explained的賓語，第一個(gè)賓語從句省略了that,第二個(gè)賓語從句中的that不可以省略。her husband service(為省略了 that/which 的定語從句，修飾先行詞 the grocery store。譯文：Lesley走了下來，解釋說她丈夫就職的雜貨店的租約到期， 他們必須在那天晚上清空所有的冰柜。1How did the writer feel when she heard the phone ringing?AAngry. BAnxious.CShocked. DRelieved.答案與解析： B 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的 “This could not b

9、e good. My mind raced through the list of family members who might need help可知，作者剛聽到電話鈴響時(shí)認(rèn)為不會(huì)有好事發(fā)生， 猜測是 哪個(gè)家人需要幫助，因此作者應(yīng)是擔(dān)憂的 (anxious)。2What does the author indicate by the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?AThey were running out of food supplies.BTheir freezer was too large to fill.CThey were glad t

10、o put the turkey in the freezer.DTheir freezer was less frequently used.答案與解析： A 考查句意理解。 畫線句表示 “我們冰箱的空間很 多，事實(shí)上，是太多了 ；最后一段中的 “Inside were all expensive foods we never bought but often longed to try 暗示，作者真正想要表達(dá)的是他 們生活困難， 貯存的食物快吃完了， 因此她家冰箱有太多的空間， 故 A 項(xiàng)正確。3Why did Lesley call up the writer?ABecause she

11、didnt want food to go to waste.BBecause the writer was her good friend.CBecause something awful had happened.DBecause she knew the writer was in need.答案與解析： A 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的 “Thinking it was a shame to throw away all this good food, they decided to drop off food to anyone she could think of可知，Lesley

12、不想把這么好的食物扔掉，所 以決定把食物送給她能想起的任何人，包括作者，故 A 項(xiàng)正確。4What can be a suitable title for the text?AA friend on Speaking TermsBWho is My Angel?CUnexpected BargainsDDo You Have Room for A Turkey?答案與解析：D考查標(biāo)題判斷。文章主要講述了作者一家在困難 時(shí)期收到Lesley的“求助”電話，詢問其冰柜是否有空間存放火雞， 結(jié)果卻得到Lesley的幫助的故事。結(jié)合文章前后均提到“ Do you haveroom for a turk

13、ey” 可知，D 項(xiàng)正確。B2019 成都第一次診斷Young trees dont just grow; they develop a pers on ality and learn more about their en vir onment and how they should best behave in it. They also help each other out whe never theres trouble.Pers on ality, just as among people, varies among trees. Some are anxious, some bo

14、ld. On the authors land, there are three oak trees growing close together. One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier tha n the others. Si nee they all experie nee the same temperature, the same soil and the same len gth of day, such variables cant be the explanation. So

15、 whats happening? Well, this tree is simply more careful tha n the others. Whoever holds on to their leaves Ion ger can do more photosynthesis （光合作用）and store more nutrients. However, the Ion ger a tree keeps its leaves, the higher the risk of injury.Not only do trees make their own decisi ons, they

16、 also lear n from their mistakes. A tree, for example, keeping its leaves too long during one year will never make this mistake again. This leads to several other conclusions: trees must notice the temperature and the length of the day and be able to save their experie nces somewhere. Obviously, tre

17、es dont have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of in formati on and experie nces.But trees arent only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whe never theres trouble by giving warnings and eve n tak ing care of si

18、ck and weak con specifics with nu trie nts. For example, one time the author found a very old tree stump. Its in sides had rotted a long time ago to topsoil. But the wood on the outside of the stump was still living. How was this possible? Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrient

19、s from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years !Why do trees do_such_a_thing? Its simple: its better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and war ns them of attacks.體裁：說明文題材：自然主題：樹的智慧【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了樹的智慧：每棵樹都有它不同的個(gè)性，遇到困難時(shí)它們也會(huì)

20、互相幫助。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，樹 不但能自己做決定，還能從自己的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)?！倦y句分析】 Not on ly do trees make their own decisi ons, they also learn from their mistakes.分析：該句使用了倒裝語序， not only 置于句首，助動(dòng)詞 do 移至 主語trees之前構(gòu)成部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。譯文：樹木不僅能自己做決定，它們還能從自己的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教 訓(xùn)。5Why does the author mention the three oak trees? A To illustrate trees can learn from ex

21、periences. BTo show trees can make independent decisions. CTo explain trees are quite supportive to each other. DTo prove trees have the same personalities as humans. 答案與解析： B 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段第四句 “ One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others”可知，三棵橡樹中，有一棵總比其他兩棵

22、先落葉；結(jié)合第三段 第一句 “Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes可知，樹木能自己做決定。據(jù)此可推知，作者提及三棵 橡樹旨在說明樹木可以自己做決定，故 B 項(xiàng)正確。6According to the text, which of the following best describes general features of trees?AAnxious and bold.BSmart and adventurous.CHelpful and well-behaved. D

23、Adaptable and supportive.答案與解析： D 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段第一句 “Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistake”s ，并結(jié) 合第三段內(nèi)容可知，樹木不僅能自己做決定，還能從自己的錯(cuò)誤中吸 取教訓(xùn)。據(jù)此可推知，樹木適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng)；根據(jù)第四段第一、二句“Buttrees arent only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever

24、 theres trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak con specifics with n utrie nts 可知，樹木不僅 善于照顧自己，當(dāng)遇到困難時(shí)，它們會(huì)發(fā)出警告，相互支持，甚至照 顧生病、虛弱的同類。據(jù)此可推知，樹木之間互幫互助，故 D 項(xiàng)正確。7What does the underlined phrase“ do such a thing” mean?AGive warnings. BOffer assistance.CDepend on others. DProvide nutrie

25、nts.答案與解析：B 考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段尾句“Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years ！”可知，樹樁是由它的鄰居從根處給予營 養(yǎng)來滋養(yǎng)的；結(jié)合第五段第一句 “Why do trees do such a thing ”和第 五段的內(nèi)容可知，該處表示 “為什么樹木要互相幫助？ ” ，故畫線短 語是指提供幫助，故 B 項(xiàng)正確。8. Where does this text most proba

26、bly come from?A. A public lecture. B . A scienee book.C. An experiment report. D. A travel journal.答案與解析：B考查文章出處。通讀全文可知，本文是一篇說明 文，主要介紹了樹的智慧：每棵樹都有它不同的個(gè)性，遇到困難時(shí)它 們也會(huì)互相幫助；研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，樹不但能自己做決定，還能從自己的錯(cuò) 誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。據(jù)此可推知，本文最可能選自科學(xué)書籍，故B項(xiàng)正確。C2019 海南五校一模Engineers have put a huge garbage collector to gather plastic mater

27、ial in the Pacific Ocea n betwee n California and Hawaii, the worlds largest spread of garbage, twice the size of the state of Texas.The Ocea n Clea nup orga ni zati on created the collector. The groups foun der, Boya n Slat, an inven tor born in 1994, was just 16 whe n he was moved to clea n up the

28、 ocea ns whe n he was on a dive and saw more plastic bags tha n fish.Last Saturday, a ship pulli ng the pipe-shaped floati ng barrier left San Fran cisco. Attached to it is a scree ning skirt that hangs three meters dow n in the water. The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves throug

29、h the water. Sea ani mals can safely swim un der the barrier.The cleanup system also comes with lights powered by the sun, cameras, and other special devices 設(shè)備）,so the system can com muni cate its position at all times. That way a support ship can find it every few mon ths to remove the plastic tha

30、t has bee n collected.Shippi ng containers will hold all the plastic gathered, in cludi ng bottles and fish ing equipme nt and are expected to be back on land with in a year. Then the plastic will be recycled. The free-floating barriers are made to survive extreme weather con diti ons and damage fro

31、m con ti nual use. They will stay in the water for twenty years, thus collect ing 90% of the garbage in the area.The Ocea n Clea nup has received $35 millio n in don ati ons to pay for the project, hop ing to put 60 free- floati ng barriers in the Pacific Ocea n by 2020. “Its important to turn off t

32、he taps on plastic entering the ocean, but I also think people can do more tha n one thi ng at a time to deal with this problem,” Slat said.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，介紹了在美國加州和夏威夷之間的太平洋海域運(yùn)行的海洋垃圾收集器。【難句分析】 The groups foun der, Boya n Slat, an inven tor born in 1994, was just 16 whe n he was moved to clea n up the

33、 ocea ns whe n he was on a dive and saw more plastic bags tha n fish.分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，Whe n he was moved to. ocea n為時(shí)間狀語從句，whe n he was on a dive. fish為從句中的時(shí)間狀語從句。譯文：該組織的創(chuàng)立者叫Boyan Slat,是一位出生于1994年的發(fā) 明家，他 16 歲那年，在一次潛水中，看到水中的塑料袋比魚還多，于 是不由得想去清理海洋?！臼煸~生義】spread常用義：v.& n.傳播；蔓延本句義：n.涉及區(qū)域例句： The company has a g

34、ood geographical spread of hotels in this cou ntry.該公司在這個(gè)國家開設(shè)的飯店地理分布相當(dāng)廣。move常用義：v.移動(dòng)；搬家；使感動(dòng)本句義：v.促使例句：She felt moved to address the crow她不由得想給大家講一番 話。skirt常用義：n.裙子 本句義：n.擋板例句：There is the rubber skirt around the bottom of a hovercraf氣墊 船底部的四周是橡膠擋板。9. What drove Slat to invent the collector?A. The interest in invention.B. His failure to dive due to rubbish.C. The sight of too many plastic bags.D. His knowledge of garbage in the Pacific Ocean.答案與解析： C 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 根據(jù)題干的 “發(fā)明這個(gè)垃圾收集 器”，我們把答案定位在第二段。該段說 “The groups founder, Boyan Slat. when he was on a dive and saw more