新仁愛版初三英語(yǔ)上復(fù)習(xí)資料Unit 3Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes

1、Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes教學(xué)目標(biāo)(Language Goal) 1. 能夠談?wù)撛试S和不允許做的事情 2. 能夠談?wù)搼?yīng)該被允許和不被允許做的事情 3. 能夠針對(duì)被允許和不被允許做的事情發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)(同意或者不同意) 4. 能夠表達(dá)同意或者不同意的理由 目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言(Target Language) 1. I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive 我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該允許16歲的孩子開車。 2. I disagree . I think sixte

2、en is too young. 我不同意，我認(rèn)為16歲這個(gè)年紀(jì)太年輕了。 3. Do you think thirteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs ? 你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該允許13歲的孩子們做兼職工作嗎？ 4. No , I dont . 不，我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該。 5. Anna is allowed to wear her own clothes. 安娜可以選擇自己的衣服。 6. They are not serious enough at that age. 那個(gè)年齡的他們不夠穩(wěn)重。 7. What rules do you

3、have at home ? 你家有什么規(guī)定嗎？ Well , Im not allowed to go out on school nights. 噢，我在周一至周五不能外出。 詞匯和短語(yǔ)(Vocabulary and expressions) allow 允許 drive 架車 pierce pis刺穿 license 執(zhí)照 driver司機(jī) silly愚蠢的、傻的 earring 耳環(huán) concentrate集中 volunteer自愿、志愿者 Local地方的 perform表演 primary初級(jí)的 go out with their friends 和朋友一塊出去 part-tim

4、e jobs 兼職工作 drivers license 駕駛執(zhí)照 get their ears pierced 穿耳孔 choose ones own clothes 選自己的衣服 sixteen-year-olds 十六歲的孩子 seem to 好像 at that age 在那個(gè)年齡 so do we 我們也一樣 get to class late . 上課遲到 fail a test 考試不及格 be strict with 對(duì)要求嚴(yán)格 the other day 前幾天 get to doing sth 著手做某事 look smart 看起來整潔 concentrate on 關(guān)注

5、be a good way to do 是的好方法 Its a good idea for sb to do 是的好主意 get noisy 變得嘈雜 at present 目前 have an opportunity to do sth . 有做的機(jī)會(huì) be a good experience for sb. 對(duì)來說是很有意義的經(jīng)歷 take time to do things 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做事情 old peoples home 敬老院 be sleepy 睏 after a long week of classes 上完一周課之后 have Friday afternoons off 周五放

6、假 語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容:一. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1. “語(yǔ)態(tài)”表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)中有“兩態(tài)”的說法，即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，本單元中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的should be allowed 就是一個(gè)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(should)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 先看幾個(gè)基本概念 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 (1)請(qǐng)大家看圖 The office is cleaned every day . The office was cleaned yesterday. Compare active and passive: 動(dòng)作的接受者the office成了句

7、子的主語(yǔ)，就應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。從上面的例句我們可以總結(jié): 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為:主am / is / are (not)過去分詞 一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為:主was / were 過去分詞 如:Butter is made from milk. This house was built 100 years ago. 以前我們學(xué)過的was / were born 生于，就是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) born是個(gè)過去分詞(bear) When were you born ? I was born in 1989. 如果要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或行為的執(zhí)行者，句子后面需接by ，譯為“被(由)” 如:We were wok

8、en up by a loud noise . 我們被嘈雜的聲音吵醒。 (2)請(qǐng)看圖 從上面例子，我們可以看出，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成為 主語(yǔ)is / am / are + being 過去分詞 再如: My car is being repaired now. Some new houses are being built near the park. 公園附近在建一些房子。 (3)請(qǐng)看圖 BEFORE NOW 從上面例子，我們可以看出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成為 主語(yǔ)have / has been 過去分詞 如: My key has been stolen. My keys have b

9、een stolen. I am not going to the party , I havent been invited. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過去分詞 A note had better be left to him. Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes 這里我們列舉了幾個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)，那么其它時(shí)態(tài)呢？ 一般將來時(shí) 主語(yǔ)will be 過去分詞 過去將來時(shí) 主語(yǔ)would / should + be 過去分詞 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 主語(yǔ)was / were + being 過去分詞 過去完成時(shí) 主語(yǔ)had + b

10、een +過去分詞 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)是由be的時(shí)態(tài)決定的，be是什么時(shí)態(tài)，全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞后面的過去分詞不變。 歸納: 肯定句:主語(yǔ)be + 過去分詞(by ) 否定句:主語(yǔ)be not 過去分詞(by ) 一般疑問句:Be 主語(yǔ)過去分詞(by )? 特殊疑問句:疑問詞be主語(yǔ)過去分詞(by ) 3. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法: (1)不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)，不用by動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者短語(yǔ) Such books are written for children. 這些書是為兒童寫的。 I havent been told about it . 沒有人告訴我這件事 (2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，這

11、時(shí)應(yīng)用by短語(yǔ)。 The cup was broken by David. (3)作客觀說明時(shí)，常采用一種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型 Its / was said / believed / reported / + that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 據(jù)報(bào)道，這次地震中大約有三百人死亡。 4. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法是: (1)把原句中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ) (2)動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)形式，即be+過去分詞 (3)原來的主語(yǔ)，如果需要的話，放在by后面，如果沒必要

12、，可省略。 注意事項(xiàng): 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意事項(xiàng) 從主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過程中主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、賓語(yǔ)都發(fā)生變化。 注意主格與賓格的變化形式。 注意主語(yǔ)的人稱及數(shù)的變化對(duì)be動(dòng)詞帶來的影響。 注意be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式取決于原主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)形式。 5. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種類型 (1)有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(直接賓語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)) 常見的接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有 通常這種句子可以改為以“人”當(dāng)主語(yǔ)；和以“物”當(dāng)作主語(yǔ)的兩種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 如:He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. (以I做主語(yǔ)) A book was given to me by Tom.

13、 (以物book作主語(yǔ)) He teaches us English. We are taught English by him. (以人當(dāng)主語(yǔ)) English is taught us by him. (以物作主語(yǔ)) (2)含有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) keep, make 三類的動(dòng)詞常常有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)位置不變。 We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 謂 賓 賓補(bǔ) Food is kept fresh in the fridge. I saw him go into the office building. He was seen

14、 to go into the office building. 英語(yǔ)中有“十大動(dòng)詞”的說法，即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，這些詞在主動(dòng)句中，其后的動(dòng)詞不定式不加to，但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)必須加to. (3)含有短語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 不及物動(dòng)詞沒有賓語(yǔ)，因此沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但有的不及物動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞及其他一些詞類構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，其作用相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以接賓語(yǔ)，因而也可以變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。在變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不能去掉構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的介詞或副詞 They take good care of

15、my child. My child is taken good care of 他們把我的孩子照顧得很好。 I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off (by me) 附:動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after 下列這些短語(yǔ)本身即是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式，不需再加by be covered with 用覆蓋著 be interested in 對(duì)感興趣 be surpr

16、ised at 對(duì)感到驚奇 be made of (from)用制造的 (4)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞形成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加上be動(dòng)詞即可，其句型如下: 肯定句:主語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can , may , must)+be+ 過去分詞 否定句:主語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞not + be + 過去分詞 疑問句:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Can , May , Must )主語(yǔ)be過去分詞. 如:We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet . Teenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet. Can y

17、ou use it ? 你會(huì)使用它嗎？ Can it be used ? 6. 不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況 (1)當(dāng)主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞和相互代詞時(shí)，不能改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 他在鏡中看見了自己的模樣。 We often help each other. 我們常常互相幫助。 (2)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是表狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)(如have , like , take place , belong to ) 如: I like these flowers. 我喜歡這些花。 I will have a meeting. 不說A meeting will be had. 應(yīng)說A meeting will be held

18、 . 二. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn): 1. the other day 我們還可以說the other day , morning , week , month. 不久前的一天，一個(gè)上午、一個(gè)星期、一個(gè)月等 I saw him in London the other day. 我最近有一天在倫敦見過他。 2. get to 著手做某事 and I got to talking about the rules He got to doing the homework after supper. 3. concentrate on sth . 專注于某事(做某件事而不做其他事) He decided to c

19、oncentrate on English because he just failed the exam. 他決心專攻英語(yǔ)因?yàn)樗麆倓偪荚嚥患案瘛?This company concentrate on the Chinese market. 這家公司把重點(diǎn)集中在中國(guó)市場(chǎng)。 4. be good for 對(duì)有好處 有益于(that is good for studying ) This kind of food is good for me. 這種食物對(duì)我身體有益 Sunshine is good for plants. 陽(yáng)光對(duì)植物有益。 5. Its a good idea for sb t

20、o do sth. 做對(duì)來說是個(gè)好主意(Its also probably a good idea for parents to allow ) Its a good idea for us to travel to the south. 6. get noisy 變得嘈雜(I know we got noisy sometimes , ) noise noisy 7. learn from 向?qū)W習(xí)，從中學(xué)習(xí) but we learn a lot from each other. We should learn from our mistakes. 我們應(yīng)從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。 8. at prese

21、nt . (At present theyre too short. ) at present 此刻、現(xiàn)在at this time , now I cant help you at present Im too busy 我現(xiàn)在幫不了你實(shí)在太忙了。 9. have an opportunity to do sth 有做的機(jī)會(huì) have no opportunity to do 沒機(jī)會(huì)做 I hope to have an opportunity to go to the States. I have no opportunity to have a talk with her I 注意:文中在

22、談?wù)搶頃r(shí)，用了一些動(dòng)詞過去式和would + 動(dòng)原的形式 這是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示對(duì)將來的一種假設(shè)。 本單元其他句型結(jié)構(gòu): 1. sixteen-year-olds十六歲的青少年 它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞 相當(dāng)于sixteen -year- old kids. “一個(gè)16歲青少年的表達(dá)方式” a kid sixteen years old a kid of sixteen a kid of sixteen years old. a sixteen-year-old kid 2. stop doing He should stop wearing that silly earrings. (Section

23、A 2a) 停止做某事 We two stopped talking. 我們倆個(gè)停止了談話。 3. 主seem to do sth . 好像 His temperature seems to be all right. 他的體溫好像完全正常。 seem其他用法 (1)seem+形容詞 The question seems quite easy. 那個(gè)問題好像很容易。 (2)seem+名詞 That seems a good idea. 那好像是個(gè)好主意。 (3)It seems + that 從句 It seemed that nobody knew anything about the ma

24、tter. 看來沒有人知道這件事。 4. So do we (Section A 3a) So do we 為倒裝句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是So + be 動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)，在時(shí)態(tài)上應(yīng)和上一句保持一致。應(yīng)翻譯為“我們也是這樣”用英文解釋是: We have a lot of rules at my house , too. 5. on school nights , on Friday nights , on Saturday afternoons. 我們?cè)谡f某個(gè)具體的，特定的早晨、下午、晚上時(shí)應(yīng)用on. 6. be strict with 對(duì)要求非常嚴(yán)格 Shes very strict wit

25、h her children. 她待子女很嚴(yán)。 7. old peoples home 敬老院 以前我們?cè)鴮W(xué)過old folks home 8. take time to do things 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做事情。 take在這里為“花費(fèi)”的意思。 類似的詞組有: It takes sb some time to do sth . it為形式主語(yǔ) 花時(shí)間做某事 It took me 2 hours to finish the homework. 9. be a great experience for sb. 對(duì)來說是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷。 10. volunteer (1)n. 志愿者 voluntee

26、r groups 志愿小組 volunteers to run Christmas show. 自愿操辦、圣誕節(jié)表演的人。 (2)v. 自愿或無償?shù)亟o予或提供(幫助、建議) Tims busy but Ill come , he volunteered. 蒂姆很忙，我來吧，他主動(dòng)說道。 11. sleepy想睡的(a. ) Are you sleepy ? 你睏嗎？ asleep 睡著的、熟睡的 He waits until the children are asleep. 他一直等到孩子們睡著了。 詞組fall asleep 入睡 He was just falling asleep whe

27、n there was a loud knock at the door. 他剛要入睡，就有人大聲敲門?！灸M試題】一. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí): 選擇填空。 1. In some countries , tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 2. Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980. A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 3

28、. The new type of car is going to _ in three years. A. turn out B. be turned out C. has turned out D. have been turned out 4. The woman murdered her friend and _ to _. A. was sentenced , death B. sentencing , die C. sentenced , death D. sentenced , die 5. Do you like the skirt ? It _ soft. A. is fee

29、ling B. felt C. feels D. is felt 6. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ? A. are you waiting B. did you wait C. were you waiting D. do you wait 7. _ to know Professor Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says 8. I want to sit at the table near the window. Sorry , _

30、already. A. it took B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken 9. The letter _ three days ago and it _ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrived C. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived 10. He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday. A. is given B. wil

31、l be given C. would have given D. would be given 11. Water _ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed 12. Plays _ twice a month in that theatre. A. put on B. are put on C. was put on D. often put on 13. The birds _ fly away last Saturday. A. let to B. is let to

32、 C. was let D. were let to 14. A strange sound _ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard 15. A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates. A. sent to B. will sent to C. was sent to D. will be sent for 16. Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting. A. has been asked B. has been ask

33、ed C. Have been asked D. have been asked 17. Meat _ out in this shop . We can _ now. A. have been sold , get nothing B. has been sold , get nothing C. has been sold , get some D. have been sold , get some 18. The new play _ in theatre now . Why dont you go in and see it ? A. is being shown B. is sho

34、wing C. is shown D. shows 19. Can you tell _ ? A. when did it happen B. when was it happened C. when it happened D. when it was happened 20. _ the job _ by Lucy or by John ? Tell me the truth , please. A. Has finished B. Has being finished C. Is finish D. Has been finished二. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)填空 1. When

35、_ the first man-made satellite _ (send)up into space ? 2. Last year vegetables _ (grow)in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell)them himself. 3. She _ (help)him with his homework tomorrow evening. 4. How many magazines _ ( can borrow)in your library every week ? 5. John _ (hear)to go upstairs two hours a

36、go. 6. Who _ (save)her father ? He _ (save)by that policeman. 7. The doctor _ (send for)because his grandpa was ill. 8. Mooncakes _ (make)by his mother every year . _ your mother _ (make)mooncakes for you every year ? 9. Some toys _ (buy)as a presents for these children last Monday. 10. _ paper _ (m

37、ake)of wood ? 三. 用所給單詞完成句子 1. (the office / clean / yesterday )The office was cleaned yesterday. 2. (the house / paint / last month)The house _ 3. (three people / injure / in the accident)_ 4. (my bicycle / steal / a few days ago)_ 5. (when / this bridge / build ? )_ 6. (you / invite / to the party

38、last week ? )_ 7. (how / these windows / break ? )_ 8. (I / not / wake up / by the noise )_四. Correct these sentences. (改正下列句子)1. This house built 100 years ago . This house was built 2. Football plays in most countries of the world. _ 3. Why did the letter send to the wrong address ? _ 4. A garage

39、is a place where cars repair. _ 5. Where are you born ? _ 6. How many languages are speaking in Switzerland ? _ 7. Somebody broke into our house but nothing stolen. _ 8. When was invented the bicycle ? _五. 填空(完成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)填空) 1. They often clean their classroom after school . (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) Their classroom _ oft

40、en _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . (同上) A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . 3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . (同上) English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now. 4. I have learned English for about two years. (同上) English _ _ _ for about two years. 5. T

41、hey will publish these story-books next month. (同上) These story-books _ _ _ next month. 第三單元參考練習(xí) Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 一. 單詞分類 1. fifteen-year-olds, 2. serious, 3. kids, 4. have part-time jobs, 5. teenagers , 6. students, 7. calm, 8. get ones ears pierced ,

42、9. silly , 10. old , 11. choose ones own clothes 12. be home by 10 p.m. 13. go out with friends 14. wild , 15. the young 用于指人_ _ _ _ _ 家規(guī)校規(guī)_ _ _ _ _ 人物特點(diǎn)_ _ _ _ _二. 英英釋義(連線) 1. teenagers a. fix ones attention on something 2. part-time b. for only a part of the working day or week 3. concentrate c. k

43、ids aged from 13 to 19 4. at present d. begin to 5. get to e. at this time , now三. 根據(jù)中文意思完成句子 1. I _ _ _ to talk with her. 我沒機(jī)會(huì)和她談話。 2. Everybody has strong points . We should _ _ each other. 每個(gè)人都有優(yōu)點(diǎn)，我們應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí)。 3. I cant help you _ _ . Im too busy. 我現(xiàn)在不能幫你我太忙了。 4. When the comedy actors came out , th

44、e audience _ _. 當(dāng)喜劇演員出場(chǎng)時(shí)，觀眾變得嘈雜起來。 5. He decided to _ _ English , because he just failed the exam. 他決定專攻英語(yǔ)，因?yàn)樗麆偪荚嚥患案瘛?6. He _ _ doing the homework after supper. 晚飯之后他開始做作業(yè)。 7. Fruits and vegetables _ _ _ you. 水果和蔬菜對(duì)你有益。 8. His parents _ _ _ him. 他的父母對(duì)他要求非常嚴(yán)格。 9. _ _ him two hours to do the homework

45、. 他花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。 10. John has a lot of family rules. _ _ Peter. 約翰家有許多家規(guī)，彼得家也是這樣。四. 選擇填空: 1. I _ to have a part-time job. A. am not allow B. not allow C. dont allow D. am not allowed 2. Sixteen-years-olds shouldnt _ to go to an Internet bar. A. be allowed B. be allow C. allow D. are allowed 3. _ middle

46、 school students allowed to use mobile phone at school ? A. Do B. Did C. Are D. Can 4. Students _ to use E-mail English in everyday writing. A. may not B. cant C. shouldnt D. shouldnt be allowed 5. I dont think teenagers should be allowed to drive , because they are _. A. not enough serious B. not serious enough C. too serious D. to serious 6. Which of the following school rule is true. A. students are allowed to make noise in the hallway. B. students are allowed to wear their own clothes. C. students are allowed to wear earrin