建筑構(gòu)造精彩試題及問(wèn)題詳解 精華

1、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 文檔大全 建筑構(gòu)造一試題及答案 精華 第一章緒論 一、填空題 1、建筑物的耐火等級(jí)分為（ ）級(jí)。 2、磚混結(jié)構(gòu)是承重墻為（ ），樓板和屋頂為（ ）的建筑。 3、建筑按使用功能分為（ ）、（ ）、（ ）三大類。 4、模數(shù)分為（ ）和（ ），基本模數(shù)的數(shù)值為（ ），1M=（ ）。 5、一般民用建筑由（ ）、（ ）、( )、( )、( )、（ ）和門窗組成。 6、耐火等級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要根據(jù)房屋主要構(gòu)件的( )和它的( )來(lái)確定。 7、新的建筑方針：（ ）、（ ）、（ ）、（ ）（簡(jiǎn)稱八字方針）。 8、地震的強(qiáng)弱程度用（ ）和（ ）。國(guó)家規(guī)定（ ）地區(qū)必須抗震設(shè)防。 9、橫向定位軸線之間的距離稱為

2、（ ），一般是按（ ）的模數(shù)數(shù)列選定的；縱向定位軸線之間的距離稱為（ ），一般是按（ ）的模數(shù)數(shù)列選定的。 10、（ ）是實(shí)現(xiàn)建筑工業(yè)化的前提。 11、樓房的層高是指該層樓面上表面至（ ）的垂直距離。 12、79層為（ ）建筑。 二、判斷題 1、內(nèi)骨架結(jié)構(gòu)、外墻為承重墻，不需設(shè)構(gòu)造和圈梁。（ ） 2、建筑物的二級(jí)耐久年限為100年以上。（ ） 3、標(biāo)志尺寸應(yīng)符合模數(shù)、數(shù)列的規(guī)定，用以標(biāo)注建筑物定位軸線之間的距離。（ ） 4、地面豎向定位軸線應(yīng)與樓地面面層上表面重合。（ ） 5、建筑物的模數(shù)系列中“3M”數(shù)列常用于確定民用建筑中開間、進(jìn)深、 門窗洞口的尺寸（ ） 6、標(biāo)志尺寸等于構(gòu)造尺寸加減允許

3、偏差。（ ） 7、構(gòu)造尺寸是指建筑構(gòu)配件的設(shè)計(jì)尺寸，它符合模數(shù)。（ ） 8、震級(jí)越大，烈度越大；距震中越遠(yuǎn)，烈度越小。（ ） 三、選擇題 1、建筑物最下面的部分是（ ） 首層地面 首層墻或柱 基礎(chǔ) 地基 2、符合模數(shù)數(shù)列規(guī)定的尺寸為（ ） 構(gòu)造尺寸 標(biāo)志尺寸 實(shí)際尺寸 允許偏差值 3、按建筑物主體結(jié)構(gòu)的耐久年限，二級(jí)建筑物為（ ） 2550年 4080年 50100年 100年以上 4、多層住宅一般選用的結(jié)構(gòu)形式為（ ） 磚木結(jié)構(gòu) 鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu) 磚混結(jié)構(gòu) 鋼結(jié)構(gòu) 5、下列（ ）組數(shù)字符合建筑模數(shù)統(tǒng)一制的要求。 3000mm 3330mm 50mm 1560mm 6、民用建筑中的開間，進(jìn)深等其

4、他模數(shù)尺寸是選用（ ） 12 1 3 6 7、民用建筑按其用途分為（ ） 居住建筑及公共建筑 居住建筑 大型建筑 大量民用建筑 8、下列說(shuō)法正確的是（ ） 標(biāo)志尺寸=構(gòu)造尺寸 標(biāo)志尺寸=構(gòu)造尺寸+縫隙尺寸 實(shí)際尺寸=構(gòu)造尺寸 實(shí)際尺寸=構(gòu)造尺寸+誤差 We will continue to improve the companys internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth proce

5、sses, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, st

6、rengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance. o constantly perfect ERPand BFS+, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources sha

7、red; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS+, and ERP, and SCM, technology application of trai

8、ning, improve employees application information system ofcapacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure zero. To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carri

9、ed out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of at

10、titude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. To strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of zero risk. To strengthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and

11、 coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessm

12、ent, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve according to law, standardize and fair. Innovation of performance management, to ensure that potential employees zero fly. To strengthen performanc

13、e management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards . Work, full play party, and branch, and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role, and fightin

14、g fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in thef backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role;

15、to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and im

16、prove the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. o conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on Decemb

17、er 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling past one another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confiden

18、ce. Future development opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Fest

19、ival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy9、模數(shù)系列主要用于縫隙、構(gòu)造節(jié)點(diǎn)，屬于（ ） 基本模數(shù) 擴(kuò)大模數(shù) 分模數(shù) 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模數(shù) 10、高層建筑中常見的結(jié)構(gòu)類型主要有（ ） 磚混結(jié)構(gòu) 框架架構(gòu) 木結(jié)構(gòu) 砌體結(jié)構(gòu) 四、名詞解釋 1、模數(shù)： 2、構(gòu)造尺寸： 3、耐火等級(jí)： 4、剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)： 五、簡(jiǎn)答題 1、影響建筑構(gòu)造的因素，包括哪三個(gè)方面？ 2、民用建筑主要由那幾個(gè)部分組成的？ 3、對(duì)剪力墻的要求？ 第二章基礎(chǔ)與地下室 一、填空題 1、

20、人工地基加固方法有三大類，即( )、( )、( )。 2、影響基礎(chǔ)埋置深度的因素有( )、( )和（ )的影響。 3、按所用材料基礎(chǔ)的受力特點(diǎn)分為( )和( )。 4、磚基礎(chǔ)臺(tái)階的寬高比有( )和( )兩種。 5、對(duì)于鋼筋混凝土基礎(chǔ)，混凝土的強(qiáng)度等級(jí)不低于( )，受力鋼筋直徑不小于( )。 6、為了保證建筑物的安全，基礎(chǔ)的埋置深度至少不淺于( )。 7、能有效防止不均勻沉降的基礎(chǔ)形式為( )。 二、判斷題 1、從室外自然地坪到基地的高度為基礎(chǔ)的埋置深度。（ ） 2、灰土基礎(chǔ)中，3 ：7或4 ：6的灰土用于基礎(chǔ)，2 ：8灰土用于做墊層。（ ） 3、剛性基礎(chǔ)受剛性角的限制，所以基礎(chǔ)底面積越大所需基

21、礎(chǔ)的高度越高。（ ） 4、混凝土基礎(chǔ)為柔性基礎(chǔ)，可不受剛性角的限制。（ ） 5、間隔式磚基礎(chǔ)最低一臺(tái)必須是兩皮磚。（ ） 6、對(duì)于鋼筋混凝土基礎(chǔ)，設(shè)墊層時(shí)，鋼筋保護(hù)層厚度不小于40mm，不設(shè)墊層時(shí)，鋼筋 保護(hù)層厚度不小于70mm。（ ） 7、磚基礎(chǔ)砌筑方法包括等高式和間隔式，兩者比較，間隔式剛性腳較大。（ ） 三、選擇題 1、當(dāng)建筑物為柱承重且柱距較大時(shí)宜采用（ ） A 獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ) B 條形基礎(chǔ) C 井格式基礎(chǔ) D 筏片式基礎(chǔ) 2、基礎(chǔ)埋置深度不超過(guò)（ ）時(shí)，叫淺基礎(chǔ)。 A 500mm B 5m C 6m D 5.5m 3、間隔式磚基礎(chǔ)大放腳臺(tái)階的寬高比為（ ） A 1 ：5 B 1 ：2 C

22、1 ：1 We will continue to improve the companys internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role

23、of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero res

24、istance. o constantly perfect ERPand BFS+, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; t

25、o perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS+, and ERP, and SCM, technology application of training, improve employees application information system ofcapacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure zero. To strengthe

26、ning Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medi

27、cal, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. To strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of

28、 zero risk. To strengthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to impl

29、ementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize

30、 trading, and strive to achieve according to law, standardize and fair. Innovation of performance management, to ensure that potential employees zero fly. To strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance m

31、anagement. To further quantify and refine employee standards . Work, full play party, and branch, and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction, full play levels

32、 cadres in enterprise development in thef backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effecti

33、veness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. o conscientiously sum

34、 up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company t

35、o flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling past one another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full o

36、f challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy3 4、磚基礎(chǔ)等高式砌筑，每臺(tái)退臺(tái)寬

37、度為（ ） A 180mm B 62.5 mm C126mm 5、灰土基礎(chǔ)每夯實(shí)(B)高為一步。 A 200mm B 150mm C 250mm 6、地下室的磚砌外墻最小厚度為（ ） A 240mm B 360mm C490mm 7、室內(nèi)首層地面標(biāo)高為0.000，基礎(chǔ)地面標(biāo)高為1.500，室外地坪標(biāo)高為0.600，則基礎(chǔ)埋置深度為（ ）m。 1.5 2.1 0.9 1.2 8、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)中，在連續(xù)的的墻下或密集的柱下，宜采用（ ） 獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ) 條形基礎(chǔ) 井格基礎(chǔ) 筏片基礎(chǔ) 9、地下室外墻如果采用鋼筋混凝土材料，其最小厚度不應(yīng)低于（ ）mm 200 300 400 500 10、地下室防潮層外側(cè)應(yīng)回

38、填弱透水性土，其填土寬度不小于（ ）mm 200 300 350 500 11、以下基礎(chǔ)中，剛性角最大的基礎(chǔ)通常是（ ） 混凝土基礎(chǔ) 磚基礎(chǔ) 砌體基礎(chǔ) 石基礎(chǔ) 12、屬于柔性基礎(chǔ)的是（ ） 磚基礎(chǔ) 毛石基礎(chǔ) 混凝土基礎(chǔ) 鋼筋混凝土基礎(chǔ) 13、直接在上面建造房屋的土層稱為（ ） 原土地基 天然地基 人造地基 人工地基 14、對(duì)于大量磚混結(jié)構(gòu)的多層建筑的基礎(chǔ)，通常采用（ ） 單獨(dú)基礎(chǔ) 條形基礎(chǔ) 片筏基礎(chǔ) 箱形基礎(chǔ) 15、砌筑磚基礎(chǔ)的砂漿強(qiáng)度等級(jí)不小于（ ） 5 2.5 1 0.4 四、名詞解釋 1、基礎(chǔ)： 2、剛性基礎(chǔ)： 五、簡(jiǎn)答題 1、進(jìn)行剛性基礎(chǔ)的擴(kuò)展基礎(chǔ)的特點(diǎn)比較？ 2、簡(jiǎn)述地下室外墻垂直防

39、潮的做法？ 3、什么基礎(chǔ)的埋置深度？影響基礎(chǔ)埋置深度的因素有哪些？ 六、計(jì)算 已知某臺(tái)階狀混凝土截面的條形基礎(chǔ)臺(tái)階寬為180mm，臺(tái)階高為300mm，問(wèn)是否滿足混凝土剛性角的限制。 第三章墻 一、填空題 1、磚墻的組砌原則是：（ ）、（ ）、（ ）、（ ）、避免通縫，保證砌體強(qiáng)度和整體性。 2、普通磚的規(guī)格為（ ） 3、墻體結(jié)構(gòu)的布置方案一般有（ ）（ ）（ ）三種形式。 4、砌筑砂漿是（ ）與（ ）摻和加水?dāng)嚢杓闯伞?We will continue to improve the companys internal control system, and steady improvement

40、 in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal aud

41、it tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance. o constantly perfect ERPand BFS+, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based

42、 construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and sy

43、stem handover; to strengthening BFS+, and ERP, and SCM, technology application of training, improve employees application information system ofcapacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure zero. To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of

44、culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention sys

45、tem, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. To strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of zero risk. To strengthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to

46、all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to

47、 perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve according to law, standardize and fair. Innovation of perform

48、ance management, to ensure that potential employees zero fly. To strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards . Work, full play party, and bra

49、nch, and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in thef backbone backbone role; to full strengthening membe

50、rs youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, im

51、prove the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. o conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher

52、standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing.

53、 Recalling past one another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of

54、 a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy5、變形縫分為（ ）、( )、( )三種。其中從基礎(chǔ)底面到屋頂全部斷開的是( )。 6、砌筑砂漿中，一般用于砌筑基礎(chǔ)的是( )，用于砌筑主體的是( ) . 7、下列磚墻組砌方式中，適合于砌筑半磚墻的方法是( )。 8、圈梁

55、一般采用鋼筋混凝土材料，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)澆筑，混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí)不低于( )。 9、外墻與室外地坪接觸的部分叫( )。 10、泛水高度不應(yīng)小于( ). 11、沉降縫處基礎(chǔ)的做法有( )、（ ）、（ ）。 12、在設(shè)有暖氣槽的窗臺(tái)，至少應(yīng)有（ ）的圍護(hù)墻。 二、判斷題 1、提高砌墻磚的強(qiáng)度等級(jí)是提高磚墻砌體的強(qiáng)度的主要途徑。（ ） 2、圈梁是均勻地臥在墻上的閉合的帶狀的梁。（ ） 3、設(shè)有暖氣槽的窗臺(tái)至少應(yīng)有240mm外圍護(hù)墻。（ ） 4、伸縮縫和沉降縫即成可以不必?cái)嚅_。（ ） 5、鋼筋混凝土過(guò)梁的斷面尺寸是由荷載的計(jì)算來(lái)確定的。（ ） 6、構(gòu)造柱屬于承重構(gòu)件，同時(shí)對(duì)建筑物起到抗震加固作用。（ ） 7、與建筑物長(zhǎng)軸方向垂直的墻體為橫墻。（ ） 8、磚砌體的強(qiáng)度一般為磚的強(qiáng)度與砂漿強(qiáng)度的平均值