賓語從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練課件

1、中考復(fù)習(xí),賓語從句,By Zhang Jun,簡單的說 , 賓語從句就是一個 或是幾個從句 充當(dāng)主句中的賓語成分。 說明白了嗎？,?,基本概念：,賓語從句的類型 1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。That只有語法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 注意:在某些句型中，特別是帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中，that 引導(dǎo)的從句常常移到后面去，前面用

2、一個 it 作形式上的賓語。(但是，有時 it 也可以省略） e.g We all thought it a pity that she couldnt come . I took his word for it that he would try his best to help us .（他說他要想一切辦法幫我們，我相信他說的是真話。） I take it that we are to leave early .（我想我們動身是會很早的。）,2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接

3、代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether

4、 (if) I could help him.,主要類型之三 由that引導(dǎo) ：（ 在口語或非正式文體中常省略 ） e.g He knew ( that ) he should work hard . He said ( that ) he would like to see the Headmaster . 注意： 在某些句型中，特別是帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中，that 引導(dǎo)的從句常常移到后面去，前面用一個 it 作形式上的賓語。(但是，有時 it 也可以省略） e.g We all thought it a pity that she couldnt come . I took his word

5、 for it that he would try his best to help us .（他說他要想一切辦法幫我們，我相信他說的是真話。） I take it that we are to leave early .（我想我們動身是會很早的。）,注意情況之一 引導(dǎo)詞 ： 1.由陳述句變來的賓語從句，用連詞 that 等引導(dǎo)，并且在口語中常常省略此詞： e.g He said （ that ）he had a new dictionary . I know ( that ) Lucy can play football very well . 但是，如果 that 引導(dǎo)的是幾個表示并列關(guān)系

6、的賓語從句時，最后一個 that 不能省略。 e.g I know ( that ) Tom comes from France and that he teaches in Guilin now .,2.由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換而來的賓語從句，用 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)，并且兩詞可以互用。但是 whether 可以和 or not 連用，而 if 不能。 e.g I want to know whether ( if ) she still lives there. Please tell me whether you can come or not . 3.由特殊疑問句變來的賓語從句，由特

7、殊疑問詞 who 、 whom 、 whose 、 which 、when 、 where 、 why 、 how 等引導(dǎo) 。 e.g I dont know whose book it is . The teacher asked what was happening . Do you know where our English teacher lives ? He wanted to know why you can play the piano so well .,注意情況之二 語句的順序 ： 無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。

8、 e.g : Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Did you know whats the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？ Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower .,注意情況之三 時態(tài)的變化 1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。 e.g I hear

9、( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .,2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。 e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xian . He said ( that ) he was ill yest

10、erday . He said ( that ) he was reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already . 3.當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . The PE teacher said that doing morning

11、 exercise is useful to our health .,注意情況之四 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號 ： 賓語從句末尾的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號由主句決定，不受從句的限制。如果主句是陳述句或者是祈使句時用句號；而主句是疑問句時，句末則用問號。 e.g He asked me if / whether I could help him . Do you know where Li Ping is ? Please tell me what color you like best . Would you please tell the teacher how old you are ?,注意情況之五 賓語從句的否定形式

12、 ： 一般而言，賓語從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式是一樣的。但若主句謂語動詞是think 、 expect 、 believe 、 guess 、 imagine 、 suppose 等表示“認(rèn)為，猜想”的心里活動的詞時，一般要把賓語從句中的否定式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即否定提前 e.g I dont think its going to rain . I dont believe she will lend you the money . 但是，如果主句中的謂語動詞是 hope ，則不適用于此規(guī)則。 e.g I hope he wont come .,注意情況之六 賓語從句中的特殊情形 ： 在把簡單

13、句變?yōu)閺?fù)合句的練習(xí)中，千萬要注意： 1.句式的轉(zhuǎn)變：若原句是祈使句，不能用賓語從句改寫，而應(yīng)該用 “ ask sb. to do sth. ” 的句式。 e.g Dont open the door . （用 they 作主語變?yōu)橘e語從句） They ask not to open the door . 2.代詞的變化：如果將某人的原話變?yōu)橘e語從句時，我們就應(yīng)該考慮代詞的變化。,e.g “ I come from Canada ” , Lucy says . Lucy says that she comes from Canada . 3.若由一般疑問句或特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，應(yīng)該用陳述句語

14、序。具體如下：當(dāng)助動詞是 does 或 did 時，要去掉助動詞，并把動詞恢復(fù)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式或過去式；當(dāng)是其它的助動詞時，則要把這些助動詞放在主語的后面。 e.g I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ” I asked Tom what he liked best . The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ” The teacher asked me if I have read the book . He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ” He

15、asked who could carry the box .,專 項(xiàng) 訓(xùn) 練,1、Do you know how much hot water _ ?,AMum is needed,Bdoes Mum need,CMum needs,Ddid Mum need,你答錯了，再試試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,2、Can you tell me _?,Awhere he is,Bwhere is he,Che is where,Dwhat is he,3、I didnt know how _ to London?,Awould they go,Bare they going,Cthey would g

16、o,Dthey are going,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,一、單項(xiàng)選擇,4、I want to know how long _ .,Ahas he been back,Bhas he come back,Che has been back,Dhe has come back,5、Do you know _ ?,Awhat the news are,Bwhat is the news,Cwhat the ne

17、ws is,Dwhat are the news,6. _ is true that she may fall behind the others.,A.There,B.This,C.That,D.It,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,7.The foreign friends think _ the Chinese people are very friendly.,A.th

18、at,B.if,C.since,D.because,8.Id like to know _ Chinese.,A.when he began to learn,B.when did he begin to learn,C.when did he begin learning,D.for how long he began to learn,9.The teacher asked us _ the classroom after school.,A.cleaned,B.clean,C.to clean,D.cleans,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試

19、試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,恭喜你，答對了！,你答錯了，再試試吧！,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they

20、_ members of the Party since 1948. (be) He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be),will be,goes,were playing,has returned,had been,travels

21、,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the

22、 east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,has been,rises,did,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He

23、said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,Ji

24、m asked if he was doing his homework.,7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me? 9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would

25、you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 1、Do you know how much hot water? AMum is neededBdoes Mum need CMum needsDdid Mum need 2、Can you tell me? Awhere he is Bwhere is he Che is whereDwhat is he 3、I didnt know how to London? Awould they goBare they going Cthey would goDthey are going 4、I want to