大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試翻譯題技巧講解和真題分析

1、大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試翻譯題技巧講解和真題分析一、翻譯題題型介紹本部分考試時(shí)間為5分鐘，考查方法為漢譯英。每句只涉及15個(gè)左右的英語詞，需添入的部分也只有3-8個(gè)單詞，其中隱含著四級(jí)應(yīng)當(dāng)掌握的句型、語法、詞語等知識(shí)點(diǎn)。二、翻譯題做題基本步驟（一）根據(jù)漢語題干意思確定句型、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)，特別是是否需要倒裝等。此外，還需要注意修飾成分（定、狀、補(bǔ)）的位置以及核心語法（虛擬語氣、比較狀語從句、倒裝句、非謂語動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)等）。（二）確定譯文的選詞、詞序等的組織與表達(dá)。此處要注意詞語以及重點(diǎn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)的選取?？忌枰煜ふ莆账募?jí)考試大綱所要求的全部單詞詞組。（三）檢查。一定要對(duì)照原文，首先檢查譯文是否正確表

2、達(dá)了漢語題干的內(nèi)容，是否有錯(cuò)譯和漏譯；其次，檢查是否有語言或語法上的明顯錯(cuò)誤，如：時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、拼寫等。三、真題分析（2009年12月四級(jí)題）87. you would not have failed if you _(按照我的指令去做).88. despite the hardship he encountered, mark never _(放棄對(duì)知識(shí)的追求).89. scientists agree that it will be a long time _(我們找到治愈癌癥的方法).90. production has to be increased considerably t

3、o_(與消費(fèi)者不斷增長(zhǎng)的需求保持同步).91. the more exercise you take,_(你越不大可能得感冒).真題分析：如果仔細(xì)研究此次真題的考點(diǎn)，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)四級(jí)翻譯部分的出題思路仍然是“名為考查翻譯，實(shí)為考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)以及固定句型以及詞組”，很難涉及長(zhǎng)難句的結(jié)構(gòu)問題。因此考生在備考時(shí)，要熟練掌握四級(jí)核心語法以及四級(jí)的固定句型和單詞。本次考試涉及的語法有虛擬語氣、時(shí)間狀語從句、時(shí)態(tài)、不定式作目的狀語以及比較級(jí)的用法。涉及的固定詞組有g(shù)iveup, keep pace with等。真題詳解：87.【參考答案】had followed my instructions/orders【要

4、點(diǎn)解析】本題考查的是虛擬語氣的用法。根據(jù)主句的would not have failed 結(jié)構(gòu)就可以推斷這是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的虛擬，那么從句則是had done 結(jié)構(gòu)；“按照的指令”可表達(dá)為：follow my instructions/orders。所以答案為you had followed my instructions/orders。88.【參考答案】gave up pursuing knowledge【要點(diǎn)解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞give的搭配?！胺艞墶笨勺g為give up。“對(duì)知識(shí)的追求”可譯為：pursuing knowledge. encountered the hardship 用過去時(shí)態(tài)

5、，因此后半句也要用一般過去時(shí)。89.【參考答案】before we find the methods of curing cancers/ before we find the cure for cancer【要點(diǎn)解析】本句考查before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。另外“治愈”可譯為cure，而不應(yīng)譯為treat，treat是“治療”的意思。所以治愈癌癥的方法還可以譯為cure for cancer。此外，根據(jù)句子的已知部分，可以判斷出填寫的部分用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。90.【參考答案】keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers【

6、要點(diǎn)解析】本句空格處是做目的狀語。 固定搭配“與保持同步”，可以翻譯為keep pace with 或keep up with。“不斷增長(zhǎng)的”，可以翻譯為increasing，growing或rising。“需求”可翻譯為demands或needs?！跋M(fèi)者”翻譯為consumer。91.【參考答案】the fewer chances you will have of catching a cold/ the less likely you are to catch a cold【要點(diǎn)解析】本題主要考查 the more.，the less.的用法。其用法與the more.，the more

7、.一致，可翻譯為“越越”。固定搭配“可能做某事”，可翻譯為be likely to do sth; 固定搭配“感冒”，可翻譯為catch a cold。四、常見的重點(diǎn)句型下面我們列出在歷年真題中常見的重點(diǎn)句型、例句，供大家參考。1. it is+形容詞+that例如：it is essential/ important/ necessary that we should learn english well.2. it is+形容詞+to do/ doing例如：it is difficult/ essential to learn a second language.3. 祈使句名詞+and

8、/ or例如：work hard, and you will finally be able to accomplish your goal.4. as+many/ much+名詞+as例如：it is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in leeds as in london. 5. 倍數(shù)詞+as+形容詞+as例如：the reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago.6. 倍數(shù)詞+ more +名詞形容詞+than例如：smoking kil

9、ls seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.7.（not）as/so.as.: 和一樣/不一樣例如：the environmental problems are not as serious as they suggested in their report.8. no more. than.: 與一樣不例如：she is no more fit to be a lawyer than a teacher.9. nothing is more. than.: 沒有比更的；是最的例如：nothing is more

10、 important than to receive education.10. 感官動(dòng)詞+of+名詞例如：they hurriedly escaped into a cave that smelt of terror.11. without/ not so much as.: 甚至沒有例如：disappointed with her husband，mary left home without so much as looking back at him12. may/ might as wellas.:與其還不如例如：one may as well not know a thing at

11、all as know but imperfectly.13.too.to.:太而不能例如：she is too young to handle the problem on her own.14. only to find/ see: 結(jié)果卻例如：he got to the airport at 7 pm, only to find the plane had already taken off.15.itis undoubted that/ there is no doubt that.: 毫無疑問，例如：there is no doubt that peoples living stan

12、dards have greatly improved in recently years.16. rather than.: 而不是例如：amid the atmosphere of thanksgiving day, rather than celebrating the holiday with his friends, john was absorbed in the diary his father left to him.17. not. until.: 直到才例如：we cant realize the value of freedom until we lose it.18.

13、so/ suchthat.: 如此以至于例如：with the rumor spreading fast, they became so anxious that they could not sleep.19. (the) chances are that.: 很可能例如：chances of her recovery from illness are ten to one. 20. it occurred to sb. that.: 突然想到例如：it had never occurred to cinderella that she would become a princess som

14、eday.21. not. but.: 不是而是例如：to our disappointment, the plan caused not development but destruction.22. it is taken for granted that.: 被認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的例如：fifty years ago, it was taken for granted that marriage was the goal of every young womens inmost thought.23. it is/ was said that.: 據(jù)說例如：it is said that m

15、any people died of traffic accidents every year.24. when it comes to.: 提及，當(dāng)提到的時(shí)候例如：when it comes to whether the famous university should be open to tourists, opinion differ from person to person.25. .be not much of a: 是個(gè)不太好的例如：mike is not much of a teacher for he often skips from one subject to another.26. as far as sb.sth. is concerned: 就而言，在看來例如：as far as i am concerned, i prefer to travel abroad.27. not only. but also.: 不但而且例如：shakespeare is not only a great playwright but also a brilliant poet.28. (n) either.(n) or.: 既不也不；或者或者例如：l