電大會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)位英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1～15全機(jī)考占20分(全部翻譯)小抄

1、閱讀理解一1while plant and animal species are disappearing at a rapidly increasing rate throughout the world, scientists note some success stories. fox example, the number of elephants killed illegally in africa has fallen sharply.89 thousand were killed in 1983.46 thousand were killed one year later.thi

2、s happened because african countries agreed to establish export limits on ivory from elephants. ivory is the hard white. material that forms an elephants two long teeth, or tusks countries that import ivory are refusing to accept ivory shipments that do not have legal export documents.the convention

3、 on intentioned trade in endangered species in a treaty signed by 91 nations led to the program for saving endangered elephants. in africa, successful efforts also have been made in protecting africas endangered mountain gorillas. almost 400 of the gorillas survive in a volcano area on the border of

4、 rwanda, uganda and zaire. the mountain gorillas have remained about the same for 15 years. this happened partly. because rwanda developed an important business that depends on protecting the gorillas. visitors. there can pay to get close to watch the gorillas in the animals traditional home area.an

5、other successful programs to take endangered animals olla of their natural homes. the animals are put into zoos or dither protected areas where they can reproduce in safety the goal of many of these programs is to produce enough animals to put back into the wild.雖然植物和動(dòng)物物種的消失率在世界各地迅速增加，科學(xué)家們指出了一些成功的故事

6、。福克斯例如，非法殺害在非洲的大象數(shù)量下降sharply.89萬(wàn)被殺害在一年以后被打死1983460。這件事發(fā)生，因?yàn)榉侵迖?guó)家的同意建立從大象的象牙出口限制的。象牙白色硬。材料形成大象的長(zhǎng)牙，象牙進(jìn)口象牙的國(guó)家拒絕接受沒(méi)有合法出口文件的象牙出貨量。有心的瀕危物種貿(mào)易公約“由91個(gè)國(guó)家簽署的條約的程序，為拯救瀕臨滅絕的大象。在非洲，成功的努力也已在保護(hù)非洲的瀕危山地大猩猩。近400大猩猩生存在火山區(qū)的邊界上，盧旺達(dá)，烏干達(dá)和扎伊爾。山地大猩猩15年基本保持不變。這件事發(fā)生部分。由于盧旺達(dá)開發(fā)的一個(gè)重要的業(yè)務(wù)依賴于保護(hù)大猩猩?？腿恕？梢灾Ц队H近觀賞大猩猩動(dòng)物傳統(tǒng)的家庭面積。另一個(gè)成功的方案，采取瀕

7、危動(dòng)物甑其自然的家園。動(dòng)物被放到動(dòng)物園或抖動(dòng)的保護(hù)區(qū)，在那里他們可以在安全重現(xiàn)許多這些計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)是產(chǎn)生足夠的動(dòng)物放回野外。51. what is the best title for this passage? a) wild plants and animals b) protecting endangered species c) saving endangered elephants and mountain gorillas d) successful efforts made in protecting africas endangered mountain gorillas 52.

8、 the number of elephants killed illegally in africa has decreased greatly in that _. a) african countries agreed to establish export limits on ivory from elephants b) countries that import ivory from elephants are refusing to accept ivory shipments c) there are less elephants now in africa d) there

9、is a program for saving endangered elephants in africa 53. in africa, the number of elephants killed illegally in 1983 and 1984 was _. a) 89,000 b) 146000 c) 135,000d) 153,000 54. the number of mountain gorillas has remained about the same for many years partly because of _. a) the development of an

10、 important business that depends on protecting the gorillasb) the protection of gorillas c) rwanda developed an important business that depends on protecting the gorillasd) the protection from the gorillas 55. the phrase the wild in paragraph 5 refers to _. a) the animal world b) the natural areas f

11、ull of animals and plants c) the wild nature d) the wild animals51。對(duì)這段話最好的標(biāo)題是什么？a）的野生動(dòng)植物b）保護(hù)瀕危物種c）拯救瀕危大象和山地大猩猩d）成功所做的努力保護(hù)非洲瀕危的山地大猩猩52。大象在非洲非法殺害的人數(shù)大大減少，_。a）非洲國(guó)家同意建立大象象牙的出口限制b）國(guó)家進(jìn)口象牙大象拒絕接受象牙出貨量c）有少現(xiàn)在在非洲大象d）是一種程序，為拯救瀕臨滅絕的非洲大象53。在非洲，大象的數(shù)量在1983年和1984年非法被殺是_。a）89,000 b）13,500）135,000 - 153,000）54。山地大猩猩的數(shù)量

12、一直保持大約相同多年，部分原因是_。一）發(fā)展中的一個(gè)重要的業(yè)務(wù)依賴于保護(hù)大猩猩b）保護(hù)大猩猩c）盧旺達(dá)制定了一個(gè)重要的業(yè)務(wù)依賴于保護(hù)大猩猩d）從大猩猩保護(hù)55。短語(yǔ)“野”第5段是指_。a）動(dòng)物世界b）的動(dòng)物和植物的自然區(qū)域c）野性d）野生動(dòng)物閱讀理解2in 1848, gold was discovered in california, from all over the nation, thousands of young men set out for california people called this the time of the gold rush.a gold miner

13、came into a city looking for a pair of pants. he wanted pants strong enough to stand up to the rough work of mining. he met a young man named levi, who sold heavy cloth for tents and wagon tops. they asked a tailor to use heavy cloth for their pants. then levi went into the business of making work p

14、ants, he asked his brothers to send him some strong blue cotton cloth called denim(斜紋粗棉布). with this blue denim cloth, levi started making the kind of pants we call blue jeans today. they were sewed up in the same way as other pants.in 1860, a miner said that the pockets werent strong enough to hold

15、 the pieces of gold he found. the pockets kept pulling loose from the pants. the cloth was all right. it was the thread that wasnt strong enough. so levi used rivets(鉚釘) attach the pockets onto the pants.cowboys needed tough pants, too. they liked their pants to fit tightly. but the rivets marked th

16、e cowboys saddles. so levi covered the rivets with cloth. then everybody was happy.1848年，黃金被發(fā)現(xiàn)在加州，來(lái)自全國(guó)各地的，數(shù)以千計(jì)的青年男子載加州人把這種現(xiàn)象稱之為淘金熱。黃金礦工走進(jìn)城市尋找一條褲子。他想足夠強(qiáng)大的褲子站起來(lái)，做工粗糙的開采。他遇到了一個(gè)名叫利未，誰(shuí)賣重布帳篷和旅行車上衣的年輕男子。他們問(wèn)一個(gè)裁縫，他們的褲子，使用重布。列維去到業(yè)務(wù)工作褲，他問(wèn)他的兄弟們送他一些強(qiáng)的藍(lán)色棉稱為牛仔布（斜紋粗棉布）。這個(gè)藍(lán)色的牛仔布，利維開始我們今天稱之為藍(lán)色牛仔褲的那種褲子。他們被以同樣的方式作為其他褲子

17、縫合。在1860年，一名礦工說(shuō)，口袋里沒(méi)有強(qiáng)大到足以容納他發(fā)現(xiàn)黃金的作品?？诖锉３謱捤傻难澴永?。布所有權(quán)利。這是不是足夠強(qiáng)的線程。因此，列維應(yīng)用于鉚釘（鉚釘）連接到褲子的口袋。牛仔需要堅(jiān)韌的褲子，也。他們喜歡他們的褲子緊緊貼合。但是標(biāo)記的鉚釘牛仔的馬鞍。因此，列維覆蓋布鉚釘。然后大家很開心。1 this article as a whole is about a. how people got blue jeans b the gold rush c denim, rivets and blue jeans d cowboys and blue jeans 2 while not state

18、d in the article, you can tell that a. everybody who went to california got a lot of gold b levi found riches in the gold fieldsc levi made more money than many gold minersd levi sold more jeans to cowboys than to gold miners3 the word this in the first paragraph, last sentence, refers to a californ

19、ia b gold b. many people looking for gold d the discovery of gold4 levi used strong blue cotton cloth to make pants because a gold miners liked the blue color b this was the only cloth he had c. miners wanted pants which could stand rough workd cowboys liked their pants to fit tightly5 which of the

20、following sentences is not correct?a it was levi who started the business of making blue jeansb it was one tailor who started making blue jeansc.it was in california that blue jeans first became populard it was in california that gold was discovered1這篇文章作為一個(gè)整體了。人們?nèi)绾蔚玫剿{(lán)色牛仔褲b的淘金牛仔，鉚釘和藍(lán)色牛仔褲牛仔和藍(lán)色牛仔褲2，而在

21、文章中沒(méi)有說(shuō)明，你可以告訴大家，a.大家誰(shuí)去加利福尼亞得到了很多金色b列維發(fā)現(xiàn)在黃金領(lǐng)域的財(cái)富列維更多的錢比許多黃金礦工列維賣更多的牛仔牛仔褲比黃金礦工3字在第一段最后一句，指a加州b黃金b.許多人尋找黃金和發(fā)現(xiàn)金礦4列維使用強(qiáng)烈的藍(lán)色棉布褲子，因?yàn)辄S金礦工喜歡藍(lán)色的彩色b超，這是唯一的布，經(jīng)受得住粗活。c.礦工希望可以忍受做工粗糙的褲子牛仔喜歡他們的褲子緊緊貼合5，下列句子是不正確的？a它是李維斯藍(lán)色牛仔褲的業(yè)務(wù)開始b它是一個(gè)裁縫開始做藍(lán)色牛仔褲c.it在加利福尼亞藍(lán)色牛仔褲開始流行d它是在加州發(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金閱讀理解3culture shock might be called an occupa

22、tional disease of people who have been suddenlytransplanted abroad. like most ailments it has its own symptoms and cure. culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs andsymbols of social intercourse. those signs or cues include the thousand and one way

23、s in which we 4orient ourselves to the situation of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meetpeople when and how to give tips how to make purchases when to accept and when to refuseinvitations when to take statements seriously and when not. these cues which may be words gesturesfa

24、cial expressions customs or norms are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are asmuch a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. all of us depend for ourpeace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues most of which we do not carry on the leve

25、lof conscious awareness. now when an individual enters a strange culture all or most of these familiar cues are removed.he or she is like a fish out of water. no matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be aseries of props have been knocked from under you followed by a feeling of frustrat

26、ion and anxiety.people react to the frustration in much the same way. first they reject the environment which causes thediscomfort. “the ways of the host country are bad because they make me feel bad.” when foreigners ina strange land get together to grouse about the host country and its people you

27、can be sure they aresuffering from culture shock. another phase of culture shock is regression. the home environmentsuddenly assumes a tremendous importance. to the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified.all the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home

28、are remembered. itusually takes trip home to bring one back to reality.1. according to the passage culture shock _. a is an occupational disease of foreign people b may lead to very serious symptoms c is actually not a disease d is incurable2. according to the passage culture shock results from _. a

29、 the sudden change of the social atmosphere and customs b the sudden change of our daily habits c the sudden loss of our own signs and symbols d the discomfort that we feel when faced with a foreigner3. which one of the following may not be the symptoms of culture shock a you dont know how to expres

30、s your gratitude. b you dont know how to greet other people. c you suddenly forget what a word means. d you dont understand why a foreigner shrugs.4. how would a person who stays abroad most probably react when he or she is frustrated by the culture shock according to the passage a he is most likely

31、 to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first. b he is ready to accept the change and adapt himself to the new environment. c he or she is most likely to take a trip home when frustrated by the strange environment. d he or she may begin to hate the people or things around him or her.5. this

32、passage is most likely taken from _. a a news report b a grammar book c a book on medicine and psychology d an essay on human customs文化沖擊可能被稱為人誰(shuí)已經(jīng)國(guó)外suddenlytransplanted的一種職業(yè)病。大多數(shù)疾病一樣，它有自己的癥狀和治療。文化沖擊沉淀焦慮，失去了所有我們熟悉的標(biāo)志andsymbols社會(huì)交往的結(jié)果。這些跡象或線索，包括一千零一種方法，使我們4orient自己日常生活的情況：當(dāng)握手言和該說(shuō)些什么當(dāng)我們meetpeople的何時(shí)以及如

33、何給予提示如何讓采購(gòu)接受時(shí)，當(dāng)refuseinvitations錄取口供時(shí)，認(rèn)真，不用時(shí)。這可能是的話gesturesfacial表達(dá)式習(xí)俗或規(guī)范所收購(gòu)的這些線索我們所有的人在長(zhǎng)大的過(guò)程中，引擎的一部分，我們的文化，我們講的語(yǔ)言或接受我們的信念。我們依靠這些線索，其中大部分我們不進(jìn)行的levelof的意識(shí)，數(shù)百ourpeace的心態(tài)和我們的工作效率?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)一個(gè)人進(jìn)入一個(gè)陌生的文化，全部或大部分這些熟悉的線索removed.he或她是像離開水的魚。無(wú)論多么寬廣的胸懷充滿商譽(yù)，你可能是一系列的道具下你被撞倒后的反應(yīng)在大致相同的方式感到沮喪挫折和anxiety.people的感覺(jué)。首先，他們拒絕的

34、環(huán)境導(dǎo)致thediscomfort。東道國(guó)“的方式是不好的，因?yàn)樗麄冏屛矣X(jué)得不好?！保?dāng)外國(guó)人ina陌生的土地扎堆松雞東道國(guó)和它的人民，你可以肯定他們aresuffering文化沖擊。文化沖擊的另一個(gè)階段是回歸。 environmentsuddenly家承擔(dān)了巨大的重要性。外國(guó)人的一切變得非理性glorified.all的困難和問(wèn)題被遺忘的，記住回家的好東西。 itusually回家一趟，將人帶回現(xiàn)實(shí)。1。根據(jù)通道的文化沖擊_。a是一個(gè)外國(guó)的人的職業(yè)病b可能導(dǎo)致非常嚴(yán)重的癥狀其實(shí)c是不是一種病d是不治之癥2。根據(jù)通過(guò)文化沖擊的結(jié)果，從_。a的突然變化的社會(huì)氛圍和習(xí)俗b時(shí)，突然改變我們的日常習(xí)慣

35、c時(shí)，突然失去我們自己的標(biāo)志和符號(hào)d為不適，我們覺(jué)得當(dāng)面對(duì)一個(gè)外國(guó)人3。下列哪一個(gè)未必是文化休克癥狀答：您不知道如何來(lái)表達(dá)你的感激之情。b您不知道如何招呼其他人。c您突然忘記一個(gè)詞是什么意思。d你不明白，為什么一個(gè)外國(guó)人聳聳肩。4。誰(shuí)留在國(guó)外的人會(huì)如何最有可能反應(yīng)時(shí)，他或她是沮喪根據(jù)短文的文化沖擊a他是最有可能拒絕吸取首先陌生的環(huán)境。乙他是準(zhǔn)備接受變化和自己適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。他或她是最有可能采取一次回家時(shí)，陌生的環(huán)境感到沮喪。他或她可能會(huì)開始恨周圍的人或事物的他或她。5。這段話是最有可能從_。a a新聞報(bào)道乙一本語(yǔ)法書醫(yī)學(xué)和心理學(xué)上c一本書d上人情風(fēng)俗的文章閱讀理解4the english nam

36、es of the months of the year come from latin.january,march,may,and june were all named after roman gods.january was named after the goal janus.janus was a strange god with two faces that could look in two directions.he could look forward and back at the same time,so he was the god of beginnings and

37、endings.january,the first month of the year,is a time at which one looks forward to the new year and back to the old year. 2.the name february comes from a roman celebration called februa.februa was a celebration of cleaning.toward the end of february,after the long winter months,people begin to thi

38、nk of spring cleaning.this probably was the origin of the name of the month.february has only twenty-eight days except every fourth year,when it has an extra day.this is because in every year there are exactly 365 days and six hours.at the end of four years,these six extra hours of each year add up

39、to twenty-four hours,or one full day.this fourth year,in which february has twenty-nine days,is called leap year. 3.the third month,march,was named after the roman god of war,mars.mars was a strong god,and the roman people always connected him with thunder and lightning.pictures of mars always show

40、him with lightning above his head.it is natural that march should be named after this god since in most of north america,it is a month of strong winds,rain,and storms.there is frequent thunder and lightning in march. 4.the exact origin of the word april is not known.the word probably comes from the

41、latin word aperire,meaning to open.today,the italian word for to open is aprire and the spanish word is abrir.in the month of april,the skies open and give us rain.the rain aids in the opening of life among trees,grass,and flowers. 5.may was named after the young and beautiful goddess of the fields,

42、maia.maia was the mother of the god mercury.another beautiful goddess,juno,the wife of jupiter,give us the name of the month of june. 6.the seventh month of the year,july,was named after julius caesar.caesar was a famous general who became dictator of rome.before the time of caesar,the year began in

43、 march instead of in january.caesar made a new calendar,which is the one we use at present.he himself was born in july,the seventh month of the new calendar. 7.after julius caesar,his grandnephew augustus became the ruler of rome.augustus real name was octavian,but when he became emperor,the people

44、wished to please him.they gave him the title of augustus,meaning noble,and they named the eighth month,august,after him. 8.the months of september,october,november,and december need little explanation.in our calendar today,they are the ninth,tenth,eleventh,and twelfth months.but in the old calendar

45、before julius caesar,they were the seventh,eighth,ninth,and tenth months.their names therefore came from the latin words for seventh,eighth,ninth,and tenth. 1.在英語(yǔ)里，一年中每個(gè)月份的名字來(lái)源于拉丁語(yǔ)。january(一月)、march(三月)、may(五月)和june(六月)都是用羅馬神的名字來(lái)命名的。january(一月)得名于神宙斯。宙斯是個(gè)奇特的神，他有兩張臉能看兩個(gè)方向。他能同時(shí)看到前面和后面，所以，他是開始和結(jié)束的神。jan

46、uary(一月)，一年的第一個(gè)月，是向前展望新年的時(shí)刻，也是向后回顧舊年的時(shí)刻。2.february(二月)的名字來(lái)源于一個(gè)羅馬慶典的日子（februa）。該日慶祝清潔。接近二月底，在漫長(zhǎng)的冬季月份之后，人們開始考慮春天的清潔。大概是february(二月)這個(gè)名字的起源吧。除了每四年一次的額外多的一天，二月僅僅有二十八天。這是因?yàn)槊恳荒陮?shí)際上有365天6小時(shí)。在四年的年底，把每年額外的6小時(shí)累加，恰好是24小時(shí)，或者說(shuō)是完整的一天。這個(gè)二月有29天的第四年被稱為閏年。3.march(三月)，一年中的第三個(gè)月，得名于羅馬戰(zhàn)神瑪斯（mars），瑪斯是一位強(qiáng)壯的神，羅馬人把它與雷鳴電閃聯(lián)系在一起。

47、瑪斯的像頭部總是被畫上閃電。三月以這個(gè)神命名是很自然的，因?yàn)楸泵乐薜脑S多地方，三月是強(qiáng)風(fēng)、大雨和暴風(fēng)雪的季節(jié)。在三月，經(jīng)常有雷鳴和閃電發(fā)生。4.april(四月)這個(gè)詞的確切來(lái)源并不為人所知。這個(gè)詞也許來(lái)源于拉丁語(yǔ)的aperire，意思是“打開”。今天意大利語(yǔ)中的“打開”是aprire，西班牙語(yǔ)則是abrir。在april(四月)，天空似乎打開并賜給我們雨水，雨水給樹木、草、花朵帶來(lái)生機(jī)。5.may(五月)得名于年輕美麗的原野女神瑪雅（maia）?，斞攀巧覃溈巳穑╩ercury）的母親。另外一個(gè)美麗的女神朱諾（juno）是丘比特的妻子，她給了我們june(六月)的名字。6.一年中的第七個(gè)月，j

48、uly(七月)，得名于以朱利斯凱撒（julius caesar）。凱撒是一個(gè)著名的將軍，后來(lái)成為羅馬帝國(guó)的獨(dú)裁者。在凱撒帝國(guó)之前，每年開始于三月而不是一月。凱撒創(chuàng)造了一部新歷法，也就是我們現(xiàn)在使用的這部歷法。凱撒自己也出生于july(七月)，即新歷法的第七個(gè)月。 7.在凱撒之后，他的外孫奧古斯塔斯（augustus）成為羅馬的統(tǒng)治者。奧古斯塔斯的真名叫屋大維。但是當(dāng)他成為君主后，人們?yōu)槿偹o了他奧古斯塔斯的頭銜，意思是“貴族”。在他之后，人們稱一年的第八個(gè)月為august(八月)。 8.september(九月)、october(十月)、november(十一月)、和december(十二

49、月)需要一些小小的解釋。它們?cè)谖覀兘裉斓娜諝v里是一年的第九、第十、第十一和第十二個(gè)月，但是在凱撒以前的古歷法中，它們是一年的第七、第八、第九、和第十個(gè)月。因此，它們名字源自拉丁文的第七（september），第八（october），第九（november），和第十（december）。1、what do people often do in the first month of the year? a、they expect for the new year. b、they do the first cleaning. c、they think back the past year. d、bo

50、th a and c.2、the second month of a year is named february probably because a、the god februa has two faces.b、it is named after a roman god who does spring cleaningc、it is time to consider spring cleaningd、february means two in latin3、regarding the origin of the name of the second month of a year, the

51、 author is a、not very sure b、completely ignorantc、very certaind、suspicious 4、according to the passage, which of the following is true? a、it is frequently rainy and stormy in march in most of north america.b、every year there are exactly 365 days and twenty-four hours. c、people all over the world cele

52、brate cleaning in february. d、god mars often appear in pictures with snow, lightning and thunder.5、which of the following statements might be the topic sentence of this passage?a、the months are all named after roman gods. b、the english names of the months of the year are from latin. c、in every year

53、there are exactly 365 days and six hours. d、the name february comes from a roman celebration.閱讀理解5rote-learning (死記硬背), spoon-fed education, produces a brand of kids that dont know what to do when entering university. they are disciplined into following, not leading. yet the future depends on creati

54、vity and imagination. the world needs creators, makers and shakers of the new centuries, not the followers of the past centuries. as the numbers increase at college and university level, more students from the lower ends are likely to be thrown into a system designed to choose only learners that hav

55、e proved excellent in listening to teachers. there are three ways to learn: looking, listening and doing.students and teachers today are a product of learning by listening. the computer may not be liked by traditional teachers, who use rote-learning to put information, which will be out of date in a

56、 few years, into the heads of the students. with computer learning you learn by looking, listening and doing; you use three methods of learning, not just one. therefore, you can learn faster.the changing speed of information is frightening. what we learn now will be out of date in the near future. s

57、o what students are learning now at school may be replaced by the time they finish university. we have to learn by choice what to forget. rote-learning for exams is one thing, but wouldnt it be better to learn how to learn?the students at university today could possibly be doing a job in the not too

58、 distant future which has not yet been invented.1、according to the author, the future doesnt need a、creativityb、imaginationc、creatorsd、followers2、in the authors view, how can students learn well? a、carefully listen to the teacher in class.b、take down every single word said by the teacher. c、learn all the notes by heart.d、combine listening with looking and doing.3、what does the author mean by the changin