U129-質(zhì)量體系-常規(guī)控制圖

1、一.控制圖的種類和用途（一）控制圖的種類控制圖可分訃量值控制圖和訃數(shù)值控制圖兩大類，控制圖的分類及各種控制圖上下控制界限的確定和計(jì)算公式見表7. 2o表7.2常規(guī)控制圖一覽表類別控制圖代號(hào)控制圖名稱控制圖界限備注計(jì)值控制圖x-R均值-極差控 制圖X圖：圖：UCL = x + A2Rucl = d4rCL= =CLklcl = -a2rlcldJr匚=空nn樣本組內(nèi)樣數(shù)樣本組數(shù)kX-S均值-標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差 控制圖兀圖：$圖：UCL = xAysUCL = B&CL = a*CL = sLCL = x Ay sLCL = B& s可用X_S圖代替x-R圖x-R中位數(shù)-極差 控制圖壬圖：圖：UCL = m3

2、A2R同 x-R- 工左CL = W = kLCL =手-叫 Ag7單值-移姬如1圖X圖：&圖：UCL = xE2Rgucl = dRCL = 7CL = Rlcl = 1eRl cl = dR計(jì)數(shù)值P不合格品率控 制圖冗厶=萬+ 3方（1_刁/_ y pn CL = p =務(wù)LC厶=_3彷（1_刁/“工卩?一樣品中不合格 品數(shù)之和工幵一樣本量之和萬一平均不合格品率控制圖np不合格品數(shù)控 制圖UCL = np + 3yjn p(l _ p) V/ipCL_“_ 厶LCL = np 3yjnp(l - p)!(P平均不合格品數(shù) ynp樣本組中不合格品之和C缺陷數(shù)控制圖UCL = c + /ckC

3、L-c- kLCL = c-ylcCi 一樣組內(nèi)缺陷數(shù)U單位缺陷瞬制 圖UCL = u + ylhCL = u =LCL = u - yfuTnu單位產(chǎn)品平均缺陷數(shù)注：衣中各種控制圖控制界限計(jì)算公式中的相關(guān)系數(shù)見衣73隨著電了計(jì)算機(jī)輔助企業(yè)管理技術(shù)的發(fā)展，目前衣中所列的各種控制圖均可以利用電了計(jì)算 機(jī)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理與繪制，提高了工作效率，增強(qiáng)了控制圖法的實(shí)用性。若按控制圖的應(yīng)用目的不同，控制圖可分為分析用控制圖和控制用控制圖兩類。表7.3 控制圖用系數(shù)系數(shù)2345678910A2.1211.7321.5001.3421.2251.1341.0611.0000.949Ai2.6591.9541.6

4、281.6271.2871.1871.0991.0320.975a21.8801.020.7290.5770.4830.4190.37303370.308Ajo2.0001.201.0000.8000.7000.6600.6100.5800.550nu1.0001.1601.0921.1981.1351.2141.1661.2231.177mA1.8801.1870.7960.6910.5490.5090.4320.4120.363Bs0.3030.1180.1850.2390.284b43.2672.5682.2662.0891.9701.8821.8151.7611.716d21.1281.6932.05923262.5342.7042.8472.9703.173d30.8530.8880.8800.8640.8480.8330.8200.8080.797Di0.20503870.5460.687d23.6864.5384.6984.9185.0785.2035.3075.3945.469D30.0760.1360.1840.223d43.2672.5752.2822.